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bfc888f045
1482152 Commits
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bfc888f045
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bpf: Bound ownership depth through local kptrs and graph roots
Program-allocated objects can own other local objects through referenced
kptrs. bpf_obj_free_fields() follows those pointers through
__bpf_obj_drop_impl() synchronously, before the object storage is freed
through RCU. A self-referential local kptr type therefore permits arbitrarily
deep object chains, and dropping the head can exhaust the kernel stack.
Long acyclic type chains have the same problem.
btf_check_and_fixup_fields() still assumes referenced kptrs only point to
kernel types and checks ownership through list and rbtree roots only. Its
existing rule is sufficient for graph-only cycles: the target of each graph
edge must contain a node, so every type in a cycle has both a root and a
node. The rule rejects such a type owning another root, breaking every
cycle. It also limits graph-only chains to three types, or two if the first
type contains a node, and conservatively rejects longer acyclic chains.
The missing local-kptr edges, rather than a missed graph-only cycle, are the
bug introduced by support for bpf_kptr_xchg() into local kptrs.
Replace that restriction with one bounded ownership walk covering graph
roots and local referenced kptrs. Run it after all BTF records have been
fixed up, reject cycles and paths deeper than eight record-bearing types,
and cache each type's suffix depth while checking it against the remaining
budget. This also permits the longer acyclic graph-only layouts rejected
by the old rule; update their existing BTF tests accordingly.
Keep the bound independent of MAX_CALL_FRAMES because recursive destruction
can run below a BPF call chain. A plain local pointee without special-field
metadata adds only a final non-recursing drop. Non-owning kptrs and
kernel-BTF kptrs do not recurse through local records and remain outside the
walk. Include local percpu-kptr edges too, although allocation of percpu
objects with special fields is currently forbidden, so that relaxing that
restriction cannot bypass the ownership bound.
btf_check_and_fixup_fields() continues to initialize graph_root.value_rec,
including for separately allocated map records. The ownership relationships
belong to immutable program BTF and only need validation at BTF load time.
Fixes:
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cdeea29719
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Merge branch 'compare-stack-frames-in-exact-register-states'
Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi says: ==================== Compare stack frames in exact register states regs_exact() compares register values and their ID relationships, but it does not compare frameno. regsafe() checks frameno for ordinary PTR_TO_STACK comparisons, while its EXACT path returns through regs_exact() before reaching that check. Infinite-loop detection can therefore mistake pointers to the same offset in different stack frames for the same pointer and reject a finite loop. Move frameno into bpf_reg_state's type-specific metadata union so the existing regs_exact() prefix comparison covers it. This avoids a separate PTR_TO_STACK case and keeps the structure at 80 bytes. Adjust the states_maybe_looping() comparison boundary for the new layout. Since frameno now aliases other pointer metadata, bpf_func() returns NULL for registers that are not stack pointers; the callers that look up the frame before checking the register type dereference it only afterwards. The selftest keeps a stack pointer live in a register across a loop whose only change at the header is the pointer's frame number. On the unfixed tree, the program is rejected with "infinite loop detected". With the fix, it loads and returns the expected value. Changelog: ---------- v3 -> v4 v3: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260919004327.1403382-1-memxor@gmail.com * Return NULL from bpf_func() for non-stack registers, since frameno now aliases other pointer metadata and some callers look up the frame before checking the register type. (Sashiko) v2 -> v3 v2: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260918011313.3053497-1-memxor@gmail.com * Rebase on bpf/master. * Drop the redundant spilled-pointer test, since existing tests already cover the stacksafe() -> regsafe() path. (Eduard) * Place asm labels on their own line in the selftest. (Eduard) * Collect Acked-by and Tested-by tags. v1 -> v2 v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260914161340.3419141-1-memxor@gmail.com * Rebase on bpf/master. * Move frameno into the type-specific metadata union so regs_exact()'s existing prefix comparison covers it without growing bpf_reg_state. ==================== Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260919014213.1840880-1-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
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0705878489
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selftests/bpf: Cover frame changes in bounded loops
Add a finite loop whose progress is represented only by changing the frame number of a stack pointer. The loop first reads zero from the caller's stack, switches to the same offset in the callee's stack, and exits after reading one on its next iteration. Force frequent checkpoints so the test exercises infinite-loop detection, and check that the program returns one when run. Without the frameno comparison in regs_exact(), the program is rejected with an "infinite loop detected" diagnostic instead of loading successfully. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Tested-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260919014213.1840880-3-memxor@gmail.com |
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8901cee931
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bpf: Compare stack frames in regs_exact()
regs_exact() compares the register state up to id, followed by the ID
mappings, but does not compare frameno. The PTR_TO_STACK case in regsafe()
checks frameno separately, which is bypassed when exact comparison is
requested. Consequently, infinite-loop detection can treat pointers to
different stack frames as the same pointer and reject a finite loop.
For example, initialize fp-8 to zero in the caller and to one in the
callee, then pass the caller's fp-8 to the callee as r1:
loop:
r0 = *(u64 *)(r1 + 0);
if r0 != 0 goto done;
r1 = r10;
r1 += -8;
goto loop;
done:
exit;
The loop terminates after reading the callee's slot on its second
iteration. At the loop header, however, the only relevant difference is
r1's frameno, so exact comparison incorrectly reports an infinite loop.
The same problem occurs when the pointer is spilled to the stack.
Move frameno into the type-specific metadata union, ahead of id, so the
existing prefix comparison in regs_exact() covers it. Ordinary stack
pointers do not use another union member. Iterator and IRQ stack-slot
states use their dedicated union views and do not need a frame lookup.
This also keeps bpf_reg_state at 80 bytes.
Since frameno now shares storage with other pointer metadata, it is only
meaningful for PTR_TO_STACK registers. Return NULL from bpf_func() for
other register types. process_iter_arg(), get_constant_map_key() and
is_dynptr_reg_valid_init() look up the frame before checking the register
type and would otherwise index frame[] with a byte of the register's map
or BTF pointer. They dereference the frame only after their type check.
Move the states_maybe_looping() boundary from frameno to precise after the
field relocation. Its prefix comparison continues to cover the complete
value state and now includes frameno.
Continue to ignore precise. Precision marks control whether pruning may
ignore scalar ranges; they do not change the represented values, and exact
comparison already compares those ranges unconditionally. Marks can also
change through backtracking while an ancestor state is still being
explored.
Fixes:
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b4e875d397 |
libbpf: Reject truncated ldimm64 CO-RE relocations
CO-RE relocation of an ldimm64 instruction operates on two instruction
slots. A malformed BPF ELF can end a function after the first slot and
attach a CO-RE relocation to it. libbpf allocates the instruction array
according to the function symbol size, so the shared relocation code would
then access beyond the allocation.
Reject a terminal ldimm64 in libbpf's relocation loop, where the program
length is available, before resolving or applying the relocation. Both
resolved and unresolved relocations validate the absent second slot, and
unresolved relocation poisoning would additionally write past the array.
The in-kernel caller is protected by the verifier's early instruction-stream
check before it applies CO-RE relocations.
Fixes:
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04ae4ffc57 |
selftests/bpf: Check callback map value lock identity
Add a verifier test which retains a map value from an outer callback and then acquires a lock through an inner callback value before attempting to release the outer callback value. Both values can denote different elements, so the verifier must reject the mismatched unlock. Also exercise callbacks reached through two inner-map lookups. The lookup results share inner_map_meta but may refer to different one-element arrays, so their callback values must retain distinct lock identities. Extend the existing spin_lock failure table and reuse its array and inner-map fixtures to keep these cases alongside the other lock identity tests. Update the nested callback reference-leak expectation for the extra callback value ID. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260917233222.2542500-10-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> |
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71919742c8 |
bpf: Assign lock identity to callback map values
A nested bpf_for_each_map_elem() callback can unlock a different element
of the same map:
static long inner(void *map, int *key, struct value *v,
struct value **outer_value)
{
bpf_spin_lock(&v->lock);
bpf_spin_unlock(&(*outer_value)->lock);
return 0;
}
static long outer(void *map, int *key, struct value *v, void *ctx)
{
bpf_for_each_map_elem(map, inner, &v, 0);
return 0;
}
Both callback values currently have ID zero and the same map_ptr.
process_spin_lock() compares those two fields, so it accepts the unlock
even though the two callbacks can receive different map elements.
Assign a fresh ID to every callback map value in the for-each,
timer/workqueue, and task-work constructors. Copies of one callback
argument retain its ID, so locking and unlocking through that argument
continues to work. Distinct callbacks also get distinct IDs for
single-element arrays, including inner arrays sharing inner_map_meta.
Preserve map_uid for every inner-map lookup and compare it through
check_ids() during state pruning. This preserves relationships between
maps, keys, and values while allowing equivalent states with different
lookup IDs to match. It avoids field-specific rules for when an inner map
needs an identity.
Move map_uid out of the metadata union and next to the other IDs, so
register comparisons can use the existing memcmp() ranges and remap the
IDs separately. Clear it when resetting a register or converting a map
lookup result to a socket pointer. Shrink frameno to u8, which is enough
for MAX_CALL_FRAMES, to make room without growing bpf_reg_state.
Fixes:
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3440505aca |
selftests/bpf: Test CO-RE instruction poisoning restrictions
Add raw CO-RE relocations that fail to resolve their target enum value. Place each supported and unsupported instruction form in dead code. Unsupported targets must fail relocation with a diagnostic even when they are unreachable. Supported ALU immediates, memory accesses, and ldimm64 instructions must still be poisoned and removed as dead code, allowing the program to load. Check that both halves of ldimm64 are poisoned. Load every instruction stream without relocations first to ensure that rejection is caused by the relocation rather than the original program. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260917233222.2542500-8-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> |
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394ae39833 |
bpf: Restrict CO-RE poisoning to relocatable instructions
CO-RE relocation records can name any instruction offset. When a
relocation cannot be resolved, bpf_core_patch_insn() currently poisons its
target before checking whether that instruction is a valid relocation
target. Malformed metadata can therefore replace jumps, calls, exits,
register-source arithmetic, or non-immediate loads instead of failing at
the relocation step.
Handle poisoning only after the instruction has passed the same class and
operand-form checks used for a resolved relocation. Route invalid forms
through the existing diagnostic and return a hard error. Keep poisoning
supported instructions, including both halves of a plain ldimm64, so an
unresolved relocation in dead code remains valid.
Extend bpf_core_poison_insn() to poison both halves of ldimm64, and return
its status directly from each validated instruction case. This avoids
routing the success path through a common label and leaves the helper free
to report errors.
The shared relocation code applies this restriction to both libbpf and
in-kernel CO-RE.
Fixes:
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968ee7c06b |
selftests/bpf: Test early in-kernel CO-RE relocation
Add a raw program load with CO-RE relocation metadata but no func_info or line_info. Place the relocation in dead code and require the poisoning log, proving that the kernel processes standalone CO-RE metadata instead of silently skipping it. Also give a subprogram a relocatable immediate as its terminal instruction. Require the relocation's poisoning log before check_subprogs() rejects the resulting fall-through. With the old ordering, check_subprogs() rejects the original terminal instruction before CO-RE can emit the substitution log, so the test continues to distinguish the ordering after relocation target validation is tightened. Submit a trailing ldimm64 first slot with CO-RE metadata and require the early structural diagnostic. This exercises the check that protects relocation processing instead of the later regular instruction validation. Load the standalone instruction stream without relocation metadata first to ensure that CO-RE processing causes its poisoning diagnostic. Encode the fixed BTF metadata directly with the selftest BTF helpers. Suggested-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260917233222.2542500-6-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> |
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c26e97721b |
bpf: Apply CO-RE relocations before subprogram validation
check_subprogs() verifies that each subprogram ends in an exit or an
unconditional jump before in-kernel CO-RE relocations are applied. An
unresolved relocation can then replace that terminal instruction with an
invalid helper call. The resulting fall-through into another subprogram
breaks the CFG invariant used by postorder and stack liveness analysis,
which can write past their per-subprogram arrays.
Apply CO-RE relocations immediately after preparing the program BTF, before
subprogram discovery and validation. Keep func_info and line_info validation
after subprogram discovery because those records depend on the complete
subprogram layout.
Reject an ldimm64 first slot at the end of the instruction stream before
CO-RE can inspect its missing second slot. check_subprogs() previously
rejected this form before relocation processing because it is not a valid
subprogram terminator. Moving CO-RE ahead of check_subprogs() removes that
implicit protection, so perform an explicit check before applying
relocations.
Include core_relo_cnt when deciding whether to prepare program BTF. A load
that supplied only CO-RE relocation metadata previously skipped both BTF
setup and relocation processing.
Fixes:
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2059d9af54 |
selftests/bpf: Test packet pointer class displacement pruning
Add two paths whose packet pointer ranges are individually compatible at a join but whose members have different relative displacements. The first path proves an eight-byte access through one member. On the second path, the same guard only proves that the access starts before data_end. An affected verifier prunes the second path and accepts the program. With packet pointer class displacement preserved, it explores that path and rejects the out-of-bounds access. Read the unknown offset and branch selector directly from XDP context fields, and force state checkpoints so the pruning attempt does not depend on the verifier checkpoint heuristics. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260917233222.2542500-4-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> |
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fd16449a9b |
bpf: Preserve packet pointer class displacement in regsafe()
regsafe() maps packet pointer IDs between states and checks that each current register range is a subset of the corresponding explored register range. It does not, however, preserve the displacement between registers that share a packet pointer ID. This is unsound because packet range is shared by ID. A bounds check on one class member updates every member, and a later access can consume the range through another member. Commit |
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261b61d373 |
bpf: Make post-verification instruction rewrites killable
After do_check() returns, the verifier runs several instruction rewrite
passes. Some of them patch or remove one instruction at a time. Each
operation moves the remaining instruction and auxiliary-data arrays and
adjusts all branch offsets, making the overall work quadratic in the
program length.
A privileged loader can submit 131072 unconditional jumps by zero followed
by a valid return. Verification finishes quickly, but bpf_opt_remove_nops()
then spends a long time removing each jump separately. Since this
post-verification work neither checks for signals nor reschedules, a pending
SIGKILL cannot terminate the task until the rewrite finishes.
Make bpf_patch_insn_data() and verifier_remove_insns() common cancellation
and rescheduling points. These helpers run from BPF_PROG_LOAD process
context, and bpf_patch_insn_data() can already sleep while reallocating
auxiliary data.
Report interrupted constant blinding as -EINTR and propagate it through
both JIT paths, including kernels that permit interpreter fallback.
Other blinding failures retain the existing fallback behavior.
This does not reduce the quadratic cost of the rewrite passes, but it makes
the work preemptible and allows a killed loader to be torn down promptly.
Fixes:
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50e80e2bb5 |
bpf: Skip unsettled links in link iterator
bpf_link_prime() inserts a link into link_idr before anon_inode_getfile()
succeeds and before bpf_link_settle() publishes the ID in link->id.
bpf_link_by_id() treats such an ID-zero link as unsettled, but the link
iterator takes a reference without this check.
If anon_inode_getfile() then fails, the creator removes the ID and frees
its still-private link directly. The iterator is left with a dangling
reference and its next bpf_link_put() accesses freed memory.
Treat ID-zero entries as transient in bpf_link_get_curr_or_next(), just as
bpf_link_by_id() does.
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in bpf_link_put
Write of size 8 by task exp/384
Call Trace:
bpf_link_put kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3372
bpf_link_seq_next kernel/bpf/link_iter.c:33
bpf_seq_read kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c:158
vfs_read fs/read_write.c:572
ksys_read fs/read_write.c:716
do_syscall_64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:84
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121
Kernel panic - not syncing: KASAN: panic_on_warn set ...
Fixes:
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70504de0bb |
xsk: Use a 32-bit compare in xsk_map_gen_lookup
xsk_map_gen_lookup() loads a u32 key and compares it with max_entries
using BPF_JMP_IMM. BPF immediates are sign-extended to 64 bits, so a
max_entries value of 0x80000000 or higher becomes a threshold larger
than every zero-extended 32-bit key. An out-of-range index then skips
the bounds check and the generated lookup reads past xsk_map[].
Compare with BPF_JMP32_IMM so the check stays in 32-bit unsigned range.
Fixes:
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9e4188d7a4 |
Merge branch 'fix-global-subprog-verification-context'
Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi says: ==================== Fix global subprog verification context Global subprogs can be invoked in both sleepable and non-sleepable contexts, but are verified based on context assumptions for the program type as a whole and not the precise context in which they are invoked. Nicholas identified that this can violate verifier safety assumptions. Verify global subprogs once for each observed sleepability context and add workqueue callback regression tests. Changelog: ---------- v2 -> v3 v2: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260905051224.2325381-1-memxor@gmail.com * Clarify that globals are checked only in contexts from which they are reached, with two passes only when both contexts occur. (Alexei) * Implement in_sleepable_context() as !in_rcu_cs(). (Alexei, Eduard) * Keep the original subprogram traversal order and repeat until all called contexts have been verified. (Eduard) * Explain why instruction accounting needs the saved total and why the exception callback uses the main program's context. (Eduard) * Rename the do_check_common() parameter to is_sleepable. (BPF CI) * Preserve the harmless global calls with __weak __noinline and check their instruction totals across both contexts. Drop the redundant task-work global RCU test and retain the review acknowledgment. (Eduard) v1 -> v2 v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260905034018.2095649-1-memxor@gmail.com * Preserve the harmless global subprog calls in the positive test with barrier() so LLVM cannot eliminate the intended coverage. * Return zero explicitly from workqueue callbacks after global subprog calls. * Document cumulative instruction accounting across verification contexts. * Fix BPF multi-line comment formatting. ==================== Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260914131923.2544250-1-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> |
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a452e729b7 |
selftests/bpf: Test global subprog callback contexts
Exercise global subprogram verification from workqueue callbacks, which can run in a sleepable context even when the containing program is not sleepable. An unprotected callback must not let the global subprogram use implicit RCU protection inherited from the program. Add a negative case which loads an RCU-protected task kptr in a global subprogram reached from a workqueue callback. It fails on an unfixed kernel because the program is incorrectly accepted. Also cover a workqueue callback protected by an explicit RCU read-side critical section, where the same global subprogram remains valid. Call the same harmless global subprogram directly from the main program and from an unprotected callback. Mark it __weak __noinline so both calls survive optimization, and check that its instruction statistics account for both verification contexts. This also verifies that global calls from callbacks are not rejected wholesale. Workqueue callbacks return zero explicitly after the global call, as required by their contract. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260914131923.2544250-3-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> |
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40c2096961 |
bpf: Verify global subprogs in each sleepability context
Global subprograms are verified independently with a fresh verifier root. do_check_common() currently seeds that root's in_sleepable state from the program, even though a global subprogram can also run from callbacks whose execution context differs from the program's main entry point. In particular, workqueue and task-work callbacks are sleepable even when the containing program is not. A global subprogram of that program is therefore verified as non-sleepable, making in_rcu_cs() true and allowing loads of RCU-protected kptrs to produce trusted MEM_RCU pointers. The same subprogram can then be called from a sleepable callback without a classic RCU reader. It can retain such a pointer while the object is freed and use it after free. The verifier's execution-context predicates are complementary. A state is sleepable only when in_sleepable is set and no RCU, preemption, IRQ, or lock region is active. Each condition which prevents sleeping also provides RCU protection, while in_rcu_cs() treats a non-sleepable state as implicitly protected. Use this relationship to represent a global subprogram caller with only the result of in_sleepable_context(). A protected sleepable caller is normalized to in_sleepable=false at the independent verification root. This both prevents sleepable operations and makes in_rcu_cs() true without copying caller-owned lock state. Track only the contexts in which each global subprogram is actually reached. Verify it once if all reachable calls use the same context, and twice only if both sleepable and non-sleepable calls reach it. Calls found while verifying globals or asynchronous callbacks mark further contexts for checking. Repeat the existing subprogram walk until all called contexts have been verified; unreachable global calls remain unchecked. Accumulate instruction counts over those verification passes. Preserve the total recorded before each pass, since path accounting has already added this pass's synchronous instructions and its root total must also include asynchronous subprograms. This makes an unprotected callback verify the global subprogram as sleepable, turning its RCU-protected kptr load into an untrusted pointer. Protected callers and global subprograms which do not depend on implicit RCU protection remain valid. Fixes: |
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ee363e0558 |
Merge branch 'bpf-arm64-fix-the-exception-callback-s-frame-pointer'
Donggeun Yoo says:
====================
bpf, arm64: fix the exception callback's frame pointer
The arm64 JIT does not set BPF_REG_FP in the prologue of an exception
callback, so the callback runs with whatever x25 held when bpf_throw()
was called. A callback that materializes the register, for instance to
pass the address of a local variable to a helper, then works on the
frame of the subprogram that threw.
Patch 1 sets ctx->fp_used on that path, the same fix commit
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26a43a5f8c |
selftests/bpf: cover the exception callback using its own BPF stack
The existing exception tests do not reach a callback that materializes BPF_REG_FP into a register. They either throw from the main program, where BPF_REG_FP already holds the value the callback needs, or use a callback whose only stack accesses are frame pointer relative, which the arm64 JIT rewrites to be stack pointer relative. Add a test that throws from a subprogram using its own BPF stack, with a callback that hands the address of a local variable to bpf_probe_read_kernel(). The helper and the callback have to name the same slot for the value read back to be the one the helper stored. Signed-off-by: Donggeun Yoo <donggeunyoo.kernel@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260907130624.611942-3-donggeunyoo.kernel@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
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ef1fb82f12 |
bpf, arm64: set up the frame pointer for the exception callback
A program acting as exception boundary saves all callee-saved registers,
so build_prologue() takes the exception_cb path and never calls
push_callee_regs(). That is the only place find_used_callee_regs() runs,
and with it the only place ctx->fp_used is set, so the callback prologue
does not emit the
mov x25, sp
that points BPF_REG_FP at the frame the callback runs on. x25 keeps
whatever it held when bpf_throw() was called. If the throw came from a
subprogram that uses its own BPF stack, that is the subprogram's frame
pointer, and since the subprogram never returns it never restores x25
either.
Stack accesses through BPF_REG_FP are rewritten to be stack pointer
relative, so those still land in the callback's own frame. Materializing
the register does not: a callback that passes the address of a local
variable to a helper hands over an address in the dead subprogram's
frame. That address is below the callback's stack pointer by then, and
the helper's own call chain covers it, so the helper can write over its
own return address. 0x1234 below is the value the helper was asked to
store:
pc : 0x1234
lr : 0x1234
Call trace:
0x1234 (P)
bpf_test_run+0x188/0x3e0
bpf_prog_test_run_skb+0x47c/0x998
__sys_bpf+0xbdc/0xdd8
Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops: Fatal exception in interrupt
Set ctx->fp_used on the exception callback path so that the existing code
further down sets x25 from the stack pointer. The epilogue restores it
from the main program's save area along with the other callee-saved
registers, as it already does. x86 sets the frame pointer for the
callback from the argument it is passed, and powerpc computes it from
the stack pointer.
Fixes:
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953824e508 |
bpf: Fix u32 overflow issue in map batch operations
Several map batch operation implementations such as generic_map_lookup_batch() use calculations in the form of "values + cp * map->value_size" to compute the desired userspace memory address for reading or writing. This can overflow the u32 type (the result of "cp * map->value_size") when the map size exceeds 4GB. generic_map_lookup_batch() may corrupt values for some keys in userspace memory, and in some cases it mismatches values for some keys while still reporting success. Other batch operations may fail to delete or update some keys, or the syscall may return unexpected errors. Add size_t casts to prevent the affected offset and size calculations from overflowing. Fixes: |
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490a83d638 |
bpf, sockmap: Fix self-redirect copied_seq double-counting
When a BPF stream_verdict program redirects an skb back to the same
socket (self-redirect with BPF_F_INGRESS), sk_psock_verdict_apply()
calls tcp_eat_skb() which advances tcp_sk->copied_seq. However, the
skb is then delivered to the socket's psock ingress queue and later
read by tcp_bpf_recvmsg_parser(), which also advances copied_seq via
the copied_from_self accounting path. This double-counting causes
copied_seq to advance by 2x the actual data length, triggering:
TCP recvmsg seq # bug 2: copied BF2E806, seq BF2E7FD, \
rcvnxt BF2E806, fl 0
WARNING: net/ipv4/tcp.c:2745 at tcp_recvmsg_locked+0x72b/0x2640
Call Trace:
tcp_recvmsg+0x10a/0x500
sock_recvmsg+0x168/0x1d0
__sys_recvfrom+0x19a/0x2a0
__x64_sys_recvfrom+0xe4/0x1f0
do_syscall_64+0xf7/0x530
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
cleanup rbuf bug: copied BF2E806 seq BF2E806 rcvnxt BF2E806
WARNING: net/ipv4/tcp.c:1609 at tcp_cleanup_rbuf+0xf2/0x1c0
Call Trace:
tcp_recvmsg_locked+0x8d1/0x2640
tcp_recvmsg+0x10a/0x500
sock_recvmsg+0x168/0x1d0
__sys_recvfrom+0x19a/0x2a0
__x64_sys_recvfrom+0xe4/0x1f0
do_syscall_64+0xf7/0x530
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
Fix this by converting self-redirect verdict to __SK_PASS at the
beginning of sk_psock_verdict_apply(). This bypasses the
__SK_REDIRECT case entirely (which calls sk_psock_eat_skb), letting
the __SK_PASS path queue the skb to the psock ingress queue. The
data is then read via tcp_bpf_recvmsg_parser(), which advances
copied_seq exactly once through copied_from_self. Cross-socket
redirects continue through __SK_REDIRECT with sk_psock_eat_skb()
unchanged.
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
1c21452d02 |
bpf: Fix UAF due to concurrent consumption of ttrace lists in alloc_bulk
Syzkaller repeatedly triggered UAF splats related to nodes in
waiting_for_gp_ttrace within the bpf memalloc:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in llist_del_first+0x85/0x110 lib/llist.c:61
Read of size 8 at addr ffff8881572cd080 by task syz.4.470/5112
...
llist_del_first+0x85/0x110 lib/llist.c:61
alloc_bulk+0x193/0x460 kernel/bpf/memalloc.c:229
bpf_mem_refill+0x386/0x560 kernel/bpf/memalloc.c:436
Freed by task 14:
...
__free_rcu kernel/bpf/memalloc.c:281 [inline]
__free_rcu_tasks_trace+0x48/0xd0 kernel/bpf/memalloc.c:291
rcu_tasks_invoke_cbs+0x1ec/0x3e0 kernel/rcu/tasks.h:571
rcu_tasks_one_gp+0x13d/0x220 kernel/rcu/tasks.h:621
rcu_tasks_kthread+0xf3/0x120 kernel/rcu/tasks.h:651
The reason is that the UAF occurs after the RCU Tasks Trace GP expires:
when the __free_rcu() callback runs, there is no synchronization
protecting llist_del_all() against concurrent alloc_bulk() operating on
waiting_for_gp_ttrace, leading to the race condition below:
CPU0 CPU1
__free_rcu (RCU Tasks Trace callback)
alloc_bulk
llist_del_first(&c->waiting_for_gp_ttrace)
entry = smp_load_acquire(&head->first);
do {
if (entry == NULL)
return NULL;
free_all(llist_del_all(&c->waiting_for_gp_ttrace))
llist_for_each_safe(pos, t, llnode)
free_one(pos);
next = READ_ONCE(entry->next); <-- trigger UAF
} while (!try_cmpxchg(&head->first, &entry, next));
In addition, there is also a theoretical race condition on the
free_by_rcu_ttrace list. This race requires two preconditions: an
in-flight Tasks Trace GP keeping c->call_rcu_ttrace_in_progress == 1,
and concurrent cross-CPU frees repopulating c->free_by_rcu_ttrace with
new nodes. Under these conditions, the following scenario triggers UAF:
// CPU0
// irq work is still busy (on PREEMPT_RT)
alloc_bulk()
llist_del_first(&c->free_by_rcu_ttrace)
entry = smp_load_acquire(&head->first);
do {
if (entry == NULL)
return NULL;
// CPU1
bpf_mem_alloc_destroy()
WRITE_ONCE(c->draining, true)
// wait for CPU0
irq_work_sync()
// CPU2
do_call_rcu_ttrace(tgt(CPU0))
if (c->draining) {
llist_del_all(&c->free_by_rcu_ttrace)
free_all()
}
// CPU0 continue
next = READ_ONCE(entry->next); <-- trigger UAF
while (!try_cmpxchg(&head->first, &entry, next));
Fix this by introducing a raw spinlock to synchronize the concurrent
consumption on waiting_for_gp_ttrace and free_by_rcu_ttrace.
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
7d70a0b02d |
bpf: Use kvfree() in xdp_test_run_teardown()
xdp_test_run_setup() allocates xdp->frames and xdp->skbs with kvmalloc_array(). The setup error path already releases both arrays with kvfree(), while the normal teardown path still uses kfree(). Use kvfree() in xdp_test_run_teardown() as well, so the release helper matches the allocator on both paths. Signed-off-by: Zhixing Chen <running910@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260903104358.29228-1-running910@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
75f8cf2246 |
bpf: Fix out-of-bounds read of rtt_min in sock_ops
A sockops prog reading skops->rtt_min never checks the sk type: on the
tcp_conn_request() path sock_ops->sk is a request_sock (non-full), and the
ctx rewrite casts it to a tcp_sock (full) and reads rtt_min past the end of
the request_sock, returning dirty adjacent memory.
SEC("sockops")
int prog(struct bpf_sock_ops *skops)
{
switch (skops->op) {
case BPF_SOCK_OPS_RWND_INIT:
leak = skops->rtt_min; /* reads the request_sock OOB */
...
}
}
For instance one such read returned rtt_min=0xffff8881, the high half of a
leaked kernel pointer.
Guarding that cast is exactly what SOCK_OPS_GET_FIELD() does -- it checks
is_locked_tcp_sock and returns 0 when sock_ops->sk is not a locked full
socket. Every other tcp_sock field in sock_ops goes through it; rtt_min is
the only one open-coded, so it skips the check.
Read rtt_min through SOCK_OPS_GET_FIELD() too. rtt_min is a bit special:
it is a struct minmax and we only want the current min, so pass
rtt_min.s[0].v. That is equivalent to the old hand-computed offset
offsetof(struct tcp_sock, rtt_min) + sizeof_field(struct minmax_sample, t)
(s[0] sits at rtt_min + 0 and .v at + sizeof(.t), i.e. what minmax_get()
returns), so the loaded field is unchanged and only the full-sock guard is
added. The two BUILD_BUG_ON()s that protected the hand-computed offset
are no longer needed.
Before patch:
0: r1 = *(u64 *)(r1 +0) ; r1 = skops->sk
1: r1 = *(u32 *)(r1 +2324) ; ((tcp_sock *)sk)->rtt_min.s[0].v
After patch:
0: *(u64 *)(r1 +56) = r9
1: r9 = *(u8 *)(r1 +50) ; is_locked_tcp_sock
2: if r9 == 0 goto pc+4 ; not a locked full sock -> 0
3: r9 = *(u64 *)(r1 +56)
4: r1 = *(u64 *)(r1 +0) ; r1 = skops->sk
5: r1 = *(u32 *)(r1 +2324) ; rtt_min.s[0].v
6: goto pc+2
7: r9 = *(u64 *)(r1 +56)
8: r1 = 0
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
85136bf224 |
bpf: Avoid soft lockup in __htab_map_lookup_and_delete_batch()
__htab_map_lookup_and_delete_batch() has no rescheduling point. The batch count bounds how many entries are copied out, not how many buckets are visited, so one BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH call can walk the map end to end. The empty-bucket fast path is worse: it stays inside a single rcu_read_lock() / bpf_disable_instrumentation() section for any run of consecutive empty buckets. That holds up on small maps, but it falls apart at scale. On a 144-CPU arm64 host running a CONFIG_PREEMPT_NONE kernel, periodic BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH calls against an LRU hash map with 16,777,216 buckets held a CPU inside the batch op for 77+ seconds and triggered the soft lockup watchdog. Commit |
||
|
|
ac781acaef |
selftests/bpf: Test terminal gotox instructions
Add tests that place gotox at the end of the main program and a subprogram, with each jump-table target preceding the gotox instruction. This tests gotox as a valid non-fallthrough terminal instruction. Signed-off-by: Siddharth Chintamaneni <sidchintamaneni@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Anton Protopopov <a.s.protopopov@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260902171414.96165-2-sidchintamaneni@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
0d7823cd4c |
bpf: Allow terminal gotox instructions
check_subprogs() treats gotox as a direct jump and validates its reserved
zero offset. When gotox is the final instruction, this produces a
synthetic successor one instruction past the end of the subprogram and
rejects an otherwise valid program.
Skip direct-offset validation for gotox and accept it as a
non-fallthrough terminal instruction. Its actual targets remain validated
from the instruction-array jump table during CFG construction.
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
15071f2a12 |
Merge branch 'bpf-tcp-fix-bpf_sock_destroy-on-time_wait-and-listener-socks'
Jiayuan Chen says: ==================== bpf,tcp: Fix bpf_sock_destroy() on TIME_WAIT and listener socks Fix two bugs in bpf_sock_destroy(). One is an out-of-bounds read of sk->sk_protocol on TIME_WAIT and NEW_SYN_RECV socks, since the field is not in struct sock_common. The other is a might_sleep splat when destroying a listener with children in its accept queue, the cond_resched() in inet_csk_listen_stop() runs under the iterator's rcu_read_lock(). Patch 3 adds a subtest for each. v2 -> v3: - Patch 1: add Reviewed-by from Kuniyuki. - Patch 2: reword why cond_resched() has to go, it can reschedule or report a bogus quiescent state there. - Patch 2: keep the cond_resched() for the non-BPF path rather than removing it as Kuniyuki suggested. VOLUNTARY and NONE are still there on some arches, and on x86 in stable where this goes, so a big listener close() still relies on it. Can go once those modes are gone. - Selftest: don't leak the fd if accept() unexpectedly succeeds. v2: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260906074135.185212-1-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev/ v1 -> v2: - Patch 1: fix the return comment too. - Patch 2: new. - Selftest: server recv()s EOF before close so the FINs can't cross, comment style, keep the blank line before RUN_TESTS(), add the tcp_listen_pending subtest. v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260903125306.299943-1-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev/ ==================== Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260910112107.148770-1-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
8036d3a5a6 |
selftests/bpf: Test bpf_sock_destroy() on TIME_WAIT and listener socks
Add two subtests. tcp_timewait: the client shuts down first and the server closes after it, so the client sock ends up in TIME_WAIT. A tcp iterator then finds the timewait sock by the cookie it inherited from the client sock and destroys it. Iterate once more to make sure it is gone. Without the first fix bpf_sock_destroy() reads past the timewait sock and KASAN complains. tcp_listen_pending: connect to a listener but never accept, so the child sits in the accept queue, then destroy the listener. Without the second fix the cond_resched() in inet_csk_listen_stop() trips the might_sleep check under rcu_read_lock(). ./test_progs -a sock_destroy #444/1 sock_destroy/tcp_client:OK #444/2 sock_destroy/tcp_server:OK #444/3 sock_destroy/tcp_listen_pending:OK #444/4 sock_destroy/tcp_timewait:OK #444/5 sock_destroy/udp_client:OK #444/6 sock_destroy/udp_server:OK #444/7 sock_destroy/trace_tcp_destroy_sock:OK #444 sock_destroy:OK Summary: 1/7 PASSED, 0 SKIPPED, 0/0 FAILED Signed-off-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260910112810.153801-1-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
eaab8cab45 |
tcp: Skip cond_resched() in inet_csk_listen_stop() under BPF context
bpf_sock_destroy() runs from the tcp iterator, under rcu_read_lock(). If
the sock is a listener that still has children in its accept queue,
tcp_abort() ends up in inet_csk_listen_stop() and the cond_resched()
there trips the debug check:
BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at net/ipv4/inet_connection_sock.c:1523
in_atomic(): 0, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 628, name: test_progs
preempt_count: 0, expected: 0
RCU nest depth: 1, expected: 0
locks held by test_progs/628: 3, last CPU#3:
#0: ffff8881158cee18 (&p->lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: bpf_seq_read+0x56/0x1210
#1: ffff8881106bb858 (sk_lock-AF_INET6){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: bpf_iter_tcp_seq_show+0x32b/0x4b0
#2: ffffffffb435af20 (rcu_read_lock){....}-{1:3}, at: bpf_iter_run_prog+0x46b/0xde0
CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 628 Comm: test_progs Tainted: G W 7.2.0+ #65 PREEMPT
Tainted: [W]=WARN
Call Trace:
<TASK>
dump_stack_lvl+0xc1/0xf0
dump_stack+0x10/0x20
__might_resched+0x3d2/0x610
inet_csk_listen_stop+0x7b/0xbf0
tcp_abort+0x23b/0x3b0
bpf_sock_destroy+0xfc/0x140
bpf_prog_448133d24601754f_iter_tcp6_server+0x81/0x8a
bpf_iter_run_prog+0x538/0xde0
bpf_iter_tcp_seq_show+0x26b/0x4b0
bpf_seq_read+0x424/0x1210
vfs_read+0x197/0xe40
ksys_read+0x119/0x240
__x64_sys_read+0x72/0xc0
x64_sys_call+0x647/0x27e0
do_syscall_64+0xe5/0x610
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
RIP: 0033:0x7fad39b28aca
RSP: 002b:00007ffc381c61c0 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000000
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ffc381c6a88 RCX: 00007fad39b28aca
RDX: 0000000000000032 RSI: 00007ffc381c6250 RDI: 0000000000000014
RBP: 00007ffc381c61e0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000003
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 000055f077c1bbb0 R15: 00007fad3a0f3000
</TASK>
The commit that added the kfunc already guards lock_sock() in tcp_abort()
and udp_abort() with has_current_bpf_ctx(), but missed the listener path.
Do the same for the cond_resched(). The loop runs inside the iterator's
rcu_read_lock(), it must not reschedule or report a quiescent state there.
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
01b245ba01 |
bpf: Fix out-of-bounds read of sk_protocol in bpf_sock_destroy()
sk_protocol lives in struct sock, not in struct sock_common. A timewait
or request sock handed to bpf_sock_destroy() by the tcp iterator is
neither, so reading sk->sk_protocol runs past the object:
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in bpf_sock_destroy+0xc7/0xe0
Read of size 2 at addr ffff8881047d11b4 by task test_progs/428
Tainted: [W]=WARN
Call Trace:
<TASK>
dump_stack_lvl+0x91/0xf0
print_report+0xd1/0x630
kasan_report+0xf3/0x130
__asan_report_load2_noabort+0x14/0x30
bpf_sock_destroy+0xc7/0xe0
bpf_prog_c3dd61f9d9cd9f37_iter_tcp6_timewait+0x9f/0xb7
bpf_iter_run_prog+0x538/0xde0
bpf_iter_tcp_seq_show+0x26b/0x4b0
bpf_seq_read+0x424/0x1210
vfs_read+0x197/0xe40
ksys_read+0x119/0x240
__x64_sys_read+0x72/0xc0
x64_sys_call+0x647/0x27e0
do_syscall_64+0xe5/0x610
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
Only check sk_protocol on full socks. tcp_abort() already knows how to
deal with TIME_WAIT and NEW_SYN_RECV socks. Also fix the comment, it
never matched the code.
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
f77d212457 |
selftests/bpf: Test BTF walk into a flexible array of zero-sized elements
The program stashes a bpf_obj_new() object whose type ends with a flexible array of empty structs, then reads it back as an untrusted kptr. Without the previous patch this divides by zero in btf_struct_walk() instead of being rejected. # ./test_progs -t verifier_btf_flex_array ... #602 verifier_btf_flex_array:OK Summary: 1/1 PASSED, 0 SKIPPED, 0/0 FAILED Signed-off-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260910122316.186384-2-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
b0b3dc6652 |
bpf: Fix divide-by-zero in btf_struct_walk()
When an access goes past the struct and the last member is a flexible
array, btf_struct_walk() folds the offset back into a single element with
(off - moff) % t->size, but never checks that the element type has a size.
BTF takes an empty struct, so this in program BTF
/* event could be empty */
struct event {
#ifdef HAVE_TIMESTAMP
__u64 ts;
#endif
};
struct batch {
int nr;
struct event events[];
};
divides by zero at prog load time. Getting there needs a PTR_TO_BTF_ID that
is not MEM_ALLOC, e.g. a plain read of a local kptr stashed in a map from a
sleepable program.
Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI
RIP: 0010:btf_struct_walk+0x53f/0x1570
Call Trace:
<TASK>
btf_struct_access+0x42a/0xcd0
check_ptr_to_btf_access+0x4dc/0x1160
check_mem_access+0x3a45/0x8740
check_load_mem+0x36a/0xd10
do_check_common+0x3ef0/0xb210
bpf_check+0x6d3b/0x8580
bpf_prog_load+0xf7c/0x2720
__sys_bpf+0xa83/0x3690
__x64_sys_bpf+0xc7/0x150
x64_sys_call+0x1f3f/0x27e0
do_syscall_64+0xe5/0x610
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
</TASK>
Reject a zero-sized element type. The fixed array path in the same function
already bails out on the same thing:
btf_struct_walk()
...
/* skip empty array */
if (moff == mtrue_end)
continue;
msize /= total_nelems;
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
2936aed9b0 |
bpf: Clear scalar delta on narrowing stack spill
check_stack_write_fixed_off() breaks the scalar link on a narrowing spill
by zeroing the id of the destination stack slot, but leaves the delta in
place. save_register_state() has just copied the source register verbatim,
so the slot keeps the BPF_ADD_CONST delta of a register it is no longer
linked to. This is the same shape as the case addressed in
|
||
|
|
a903f145a8 |
selftests/bpf: Add tests for the KF_PERFMON gates
Add test cases where each one loads with CAP_BPF alone and checks that the program is correctly rejected. # LDLIBS=-static PKG_CONFIG='pkg-config --static' ./vmtest.sh -- ./test_progs -t verifier_kfunc_perfmon [...] #627/1 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/rdonly_cast_noperfmon:OK #627/2 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/rdonly_cast_noperfmon @unpriv:OK #627/3 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/probe_read_kernel_dynptr_noperfmon:OK #627/4 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/probe_read_kernel_dynptr_noperfmon @unpriv:OK #627/5 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/stream_vprintk_noperfmon:OK #627/6 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/stream_vprintk_noperfmon @unpriv:OK #627/7 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/get_kmem_cache_noperfmon:OK #627/8 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/get_kmem_cache_noperfmon @unpriv:OK #627/9 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/arg_untrusted_read_noperfmon:OK #627/10 verifier_kfunc_perfmon/arg_untrusted_read_noperfmon @unpriv:OK #627 verifier_kfunc_perfmon:OK Summary: 1/10 PASSED, 0 SKIPPED, 0/0 FAILED Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260910213510.49358-4-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
f9191460cd |
bpf: Require CAP_PERFMON for untrusted read-only memory reads
Marking bpf_rdonly_cast() KF_PERFMON CAP-limits one producer of PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY | PTR_UNTRUSTED, but not the type itself. A global subprogram argument tagged __arg_untrusted results in the same register with no kfunc call. Reported-by: STAR Labs SG <info@starlabs.sg> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260910213510.49358-3-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
81c975aae3 |
bpf: Require CAP_PERFMON for kfuncs reading memory
Mark fault-safe probe reading kfuncs as KF_PERFMON, similarly as we do for the old-style BPF helper equivalents. bpf_rdonly_cast() is included in this list as well as it returns PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY | PTR_UNTRUSTED for an unchecked object and is using fault-safe BPF_PROBE_MEM. Note that only the void form of bpf_rdonly_cast() produced a register that was readable without CAP_PERFMON. For a struct type id the kfunc returns PTR_TO_BTF_ID | PTR_UNTRUSTED, whose dereference has always been gated in check_ptr_to_btf_access(). The flag is not conditional on the type id, so for the latter it only moves the rejection from the dereference to the call itself, which is the better place to report it anyway. The bpf_stream_vprintk() and bpf_stream_print_stack() kfuncs are marked as well. The former ends up in the same bpf_bprintf_prepare() as the bpf_snprintf() helper, where %pks, %pus and %pI4 read through a program- supplied address and %pB resolves one into a symbol. The latter walks the stack and prints each instruction pointer via %pS. Lastly, bpf_get_kmem_cache() takes a raw scalar address that the verifier does not constrain and dereferences the page/slab metadata for it. Field reads on the returned pointer are still blocked (PTR_TO_BTF_ID | PTR_UNTRUSTED -> check_ptr_to_btf_access() results in -EPERM without the CAP), but the NULL/non-NULL result is observable. Reported-by: STAR Labs SG <info@starlabs.sg> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260910213510.49358-2-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
88ce88e933 |
bpf: Add KF_PERFMON kfunc flag
Tracing related BPF helpers e.g. under bpf_base_func_proto() are gated behind CAP_PERFMON. However, the same is currently not true for kfuncs and they are accessible via plain CAP_BPF. Add a new KF_PERFMON flag which can be used such that check_kfunc_call() ensures env->allow_ptr_leaks is permitted. This follows similar pattern to existing KF_DESTRUCTIVE flag. The rejection returns -EPERM to match the other CAP_PERFMON gates in the verifier, that is, check_ptr_to_btf_access() and check_ptr_to_map_access(), which report the very same policy to user space. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260910213510.49358-1-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
e4a62833ad |
bpf: Disallow bpf_skb_pull_data() for LWT_SEG6LOCAL
An LWT_SEG6LOCAL program can invalidate its cached SRH with
bpf_lwt_seg6_adjust_srh() and then call bpf_skb_pull_data(). The latter
may reallocate skb->head, leaving the per-CPU SRH pointer dangling.
Post-program SRH validation then writes through that pointer.
Disallow bpf_skb_pull_data() for LWT_SEG6LOCAL programs so the verifier
rejects this unsafe helper combination. Other LWT program types continue
to expose the helper through lwt_out_func_proto().
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
15e2565f1c |
selftests/bpf: Add test for bpf_skb_change_tail on csum partial skbs
Add a test which builds an ICMP error out of a TCP segment. A tcx prog on the client's egress side trims the first data segment down to the target size and pushes the ICMP error headers in front of it to then reflect the packet back to the sender. # LDLIBS=-static PKG_CONFIG='pkg-config --static' ./vmtest.sh -- ./test_progs -t tc_change_tail [...] #509 tc_change_tail:OK #510 tc_change_tail_pmtu:OK Summary: 2/0 PASSED, 0 SKIPPED, 0/0 FAILED Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260907121025.1923656-2-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> |
||
|
|
3b55f350c6 |
bpf: Fix bpf_skb_change_tail wrt csum partial skbs
Cilium generates ICMP "frag needed" replies from BPF when a LB DSR
packet exceeds the egress MTU. The reply is built by first trimming the
packet down to target size via bpf_skb_change_tail(), and then pushing
the ICMP error headers in front of it.
The trim is rejected for skbs which carry a checksum offload, e.g. TCP
packets aggregated by GRO on ingress where tcp_gro_complete() leaves
the skb as CHECKSUM_PARTIAL. __bpf_skb_min_len() raises the minimum
length to the end of the L4 checksum field, so a trim to 42 bytes bails
out with -EINVAL given a min_len of 52 in this case, and due to that
the ICMP generator fails. This is not the case if GRO is turned off.
Fix this bpf_skb_change_tail() restriction and drop the checksum offload
when the new length no longer covers the checksum field. The BPF program
rewrites the skb into an ICMP error and computes the checksum itself
anyway.
Fixes:
|
||
|
|
df2908090c | Linux 7.3-rc2 | ||
|
|
b1e00ffaf9 |
tracing fixes for v7.3:
- Fix several tracefs files that did not take the trace_array reference A trace instance can be created and destroyed in the tracefs "instances" directory via mkdir and rmdir respectively. The instance is represented by a trace_array descriptor. Most tracefs files pass the trace_array as the private data of the inode to the open/read/write functions. Since there is no locking between the time a task opens a file and the deletion of the instance (and the freeing of the trace_array), each open needs to get a reference to the trace_array and each close must remove it. A instance can't be removed if there's any reference taken on its trace_array. The open function uses trace_array_get() that takes a lock (preventing removal of instances) and iterates the list of all existing trace_arrays and if it finds a match, it takes the reference and releases the lock. If it doesn't find a match, it causes the open to return -ENODEV. There were some added files that did not take the trace_array reference on open that needed to be fixed. Sashiko also correctly pointed out that there were some files that took an address of an field or element of the trace_array which had a pointer back to the trace_array to take its reference on open. But this leaves a slight race between referencing this element to get the trace_array as the element itself could be freed. To solve this, some helper functions were created to look for trace_arrays with this field or element in the search so that the element did not have to be dereferenced before the trace_array's reference was taken. - Add a lock around ftrace_ops initialization When a ftrace_ops is first used by ftrace, some internal initialization is performed on the ops. But if multiple tasks were calling functions that did this initialization, it could race and perform doing the initialization more than once, corrupting the internal data. Add a lock in the initialization code to prevent this from happening. - Fix splice reads on mmapped buffers The logic in the ring buffer splice code for mmapped buffers is supposed to do a copy of the memory as the mapped buffers can't be given to splice. But there was an if statement within the copy code that would return a -1 if a request for a full page was done and it wasn't a partial read. This is because this logic was written before mmapped buffers existed and this case didn't make sense at the time. For mmapped buffers it makes perfect sense and by returning early can drop a lot of pages unnecessarily. - Have the persistent ring buffer validation check nr_subbufs Sashiko reported that the validation code was relying on the saved nr_subbufs to match the calculated nr_pages + 1 and if they were off, that the code could cause corruption. Sashiko is correct, and the saved nr_subbufs should be validated before assuming it is correct. - Do not allow more than one instance with the same name on cmdline If an admin were to add more than one trace instances with the same name they all would be created, but only the first one would be accessible via tracefs. This used to not be allowed but some restructuring of code has since made it possible. - Fix the race between subbuf resize and trace_pipe_raw readers If a task was reading trace_pipe_raw while another task was changing the ring buffer subbuf size, it could crash the reader. The trace_pipe_raw readers do get their own copy of the page from the buffer, but the code needs some restructuring to not have the resize of the subbuffers cause issues. - Cap the size of the mapped (static) ring buffer nr_pages The meta data used for ring buffer mapped buffers is 32 bit in size. A normal ring buffer could (in theory) have more than 4 billion pages. But this is not allowed by mapped buffers, so enforce it. -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iIoEABYKADIWIQRRSw7ePDh/lE+zeZMp5XQQmuv6qgUCap3GJRQccm9zdGVkdEBn b29kbWlzLm9yZwAKCRAp5XQQmuv6qtAfAP9hDPtzctAoz+IHZq+GYejhKTu99ICG vAxTOZivuG6KYAD/UPA4P7z5ayxGM5UlT+2U81+mpCd55F2oFiIxRuFYcwk= =/d+T -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- Merge tag 'trace-v7.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace Pull tracing fixes from Steven Rostedt: - Fix several tracefs files that did not take the trace_array reference A trace instance can be created and destroyed in the tracefs "instances" directory via mkdir and rmdir respectively. The instance is represented by a trace_array descriptor. Most tracefs files pass the trace_array as the private data of the inode to the open/read/write functions. Since there is no locking between the time a task opens a file and the deletion of the instance (and the freeing of the trace_array), each open needs to get a reference to the trace_array and each close must remove it. An instance can't be removed if there's any reference taken on its trace_array. The open function uses trace_array_get() that takes a lock (preventing removal of instances) and iterates the list of all existing trace_arrays and if it finds a match, it takes the reference and releases the lock. If it doesn't find a match, it causes the open to return -ENODEV. There were some added files that did not take the trace_array reference on open that needed to be fixed. Sashiko also correctly pointed out that there were some files that took an address of an field or element of the trace_array which had a pointer back to the trace_array to take its reference on open. But this leaves a slight race between referencing this element to get the trace_array as the element itself could be freed. To solve this, some helper functions were created to look for trace_arrays with this field or element in the search so that the element did not have to be dereferenced before the trace_array's reference was taken. - Add a lock around ftrace_ops initialization When a ftrace_ops is first used by ftrace, some internal initialization is performed on the ops. But if multiple tasks were calling functions that did this initialization, it could race and perform doing the initialization more than once, corrupting the internal data. Add a lock in the initialization code to prevent this from happening. - Fix splice reads on mmapped buffers The logic in the ring buffer splice code for mmapped buffers is supposed to do a copy of the memory as the mapped buffers can't be given to splice. But there was an if statement within the copy code that would return a -1 if a request for a full page was done and it wasn't a partial read. This is because this logic was written before mmapped buffers existed and this case didn't make sense at the time. For mmapped buffers it makes perfect sense and by returning early can drop a lot of pages unnecessarily. - Have the persistent ring buffer validation check nr_subbufs Sashiko reported that the validation code was relying on the saved nr_subbufs to match the calculated nr_pages + 1 and if they were off, that the code could cause corruption. Sashiko is correct, and the saved nr_subbufs should be validated before assuming it is correct. - Do not allow more than one instance with the same name on cmdline If an admin were to add more than one trace instances with the same name they all would be created, but only the first one would be accessible via tracefs. This used to not be allowed but some restructuring of code has since made it possible. - Fix the race between subbuf resize and trace_pipe_raw readers If a task was reading trace_pipe_raw while another task was changing the ring buffer subbuf size, it could crash the reader. The trace_pipe_raw readers do get their own copy of the page from the buffer, but the code needs some restructuring to not have the resize of the subbuffers cause issues. - Cap the size of the mapped (static) ring buffer nr_pages The meta data used for ring buffer mapped buffers is 32 bit in size. A normal ring buffer could (in theory) have more than 4 billion pages. But this is not allowed by mapped buffers, so enforce it. * tag 'trace-v7.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace: ring-buffer: Use a macro for static buffer bits tracing: Fix comment in tracing_buffers_splice_read() ring-buffer: Prevent truncation of nr_pages / nr_subbufs ring-buffer: Cap static ring buffer nr_pages tracing: Fix subbuf resize races with trace_pipe_raw readers tracing: Fix to avoid creating trace instances with duplicate names ring-buffer: Add checking nr_subbufs to persistent ring buffer validation ring-buffer: Allow splice reads on static buffers tracing: Take trace_array reference when opening options file ftrace: Synchronize the initialization of ftrace_ops ftrace: Take trace_array reference before accessing its ftrace_ops tracing: Have show_event_filters/triggers files take trace array ref |
||
|
|
2beb1b31a1 |
bpf-fixes
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Merge tag 'bpf-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf
Pull bpf fixes from Alexei Starovoitov:
"This mainly contains verifier fixes that address bugs reported by
Nicholas Carlini.
- Fix incorrect non-NULL inference in pointer comparisons: pointer
types that may be NULL at runtime, pointers with unbounded offsets,
JMP32 comparisons with zero, and imprecise zero registers (Eduard
Zingerman)
- Fix precision tracking for half-dead zero spills, ld_abs/ld_ind
implicit subprog exit, bpf_loop() callbacks, linked scalar ids and
NULL call arguments (Eduard Zingerman)
- Reject BPF_PSEUDO_FUNC reference to the main program, fix zero
extension of arena 32-bit cmpxchg, don't rewrite bpf_fastcall
patterns entered by a jump (Eduard Zingerman)
- Fix percpu map update and BPF_F_CPU validation with sparse CPU IDs
(Hui Su)
- Fix NULL-ptr-derefs in bpf_snprintf_btf() for void and VAR types,
and reject key-less BTF for hash maps (Jiayuan Chen)
- Various fixes (Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi):
- Fix out-of-bounds access in disassembler on invalid LDSX
instruction
- mark siginfo of signal tracepoints as scalar and
sched_process_wait argument as nullable
- mark faultable stack helpers as sleepable
- reject tail calls and legacy packet loads from callbacks
- enforce rbtree callback lock restrictions for resilient locks
- require MEM_PERCPU for percpu kptr stores
- clear NON_OWN_REF after RCU protection ends
- mark NULL kptr stores precise
- preserve inner map identity in callback frames
- reject non-scalar bpf_loop() iteration counts
- Fix trampoline allocation slowdown on x86 by using
EXECMEM_MODULE_DATA (Mike Rapoport)
- Keep bpf_refcount_acquire() nullable for borrowed RCU kptrs and
reject untrusted allocated-object pointers (Ning Ding)
- Fix special fields handling in recycled rhtab elements (Nuoqi Gui,
Yuan Chen)"
* tag 'bpf-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf: (86 commits)
bpf, riscv: Make arena support depend on ZACAS
selftests/bpf: Test pointer bpf_loop iteration count rejection
bpf: Reject non-scalar bpf_loop iteration counts
bpf: use mark_arg_precision() in check_mem_size_reg()
bpf: propagate mark_chain_precision() errors out of loop_flag_is_zero()
selftests/bpf: precision of a NULL global subprogram BTF_ID argument
bpf: mark a NULL BTF_ID argument of a global subprogram precise
selftests/bpf: precision of a NULL kfunc argument
bpf: mark a NULL kfunc argument precise
selftests/bpf: precision of a NULL global subprogram memory argument
bpf: mark a NULL memory argument of a call precise
selftests/bpf: precision of a NULL helper argument
bpf: mark a NULL call argument precise
selftests/bpf: Test inner map identities in callbacks
bpf: Preserve inner map identity in callback frames
selftests/bpf: Test imprecise scalar kptr stores
bpf: Mark NULL kptr stores precise
selftests/bpf: Test rhtab kptr cancellation semantics
bpf: Cancel special fields when recycling rhtab elements
selftests/bpf: Test timer field on recycled rhtab element
...
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||
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|
88405f0ad1 |
Miscellaneous scheduler fixes:
- Fix a timestamping bug in pick_task_fair() and
yield_task_fair() (Zhan Xusheng)
- Skip migrate-disabled tasks when picking a push
candidate in the RT and DL schedulers (Seiji Nishikawa)
- Skip rq->avg_idle update without a valid idle_stamp
(Shubhang Kaushik)
- Fix throttling bug in throttle_cfs_rq(), caused
by the recent single-runqueue conversion (Wanwu Li)
- Fix bandwidth calculation bug in distribute_cfs_runtime(),
caused by the single-runqueue conversion (Wanwu Li)
- Don't make x86 ITMT enablement depend on debugfs (Mario Limonciello)
- Avoid creating misfits during cache-aware load-balancing
on hybrid systems (Tim Chen)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'sched-urgent-2026-09-06' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull scheduler fixes from Ingo Molnar:
- Fix a timestamping bug in pick_task_fair() and yield_task_fair()
(Zhan Xusheng)
- Skip migrate-disabled tasks when picking a push candidate in the
RT and DL schedulers (Seiji Nishikawa)
- Skip rq->avg_idle update without a valid idle_stamp (Shubhang
Kaushik)
- Fix throttling bug in throttle_cfs_rq(), caused by the recent
single-runqueue conversion (Wanwu Li)
- Fix bandwidth calculation bug in distribute_cfs_runtime(),
caused by the single-runqueue conversion (Wanwu Li)
- Don't make x86 ITMT enablement depend on debugfs (Mario Limonciello)
- Avoid creating misfits during cache-aware load-balancing on hybrid
systems (Tim Chen)
* tag 'sched-urgent-2026-09-06' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
sched/fair: Avoid creating misfits during cache-aware balancing
x86/itmt: Don't make ITMT enablement depend on debugfs
sched/fair: Use cfs_rq->h_curr in distribute_cfs_runtime()
sched/fair: Use cfs_rq->h_curr in throttle_cfs_rq()
sched/core: Skip rq->avg_idle update without a valid idle_stamp
sched/rt,dl: Skip migrate-disabled tasks when picking a push candidate
sched/fair: Use update_curr_eevdf() for the remaining root cfs_rq callers
|
||
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c4a3928e7d |
Misc perf events fixes:
- Skip empty AUX records with only format flags
(Leo Yan)
- Fix use-after-free when perf mmap() revival races with the
last munmap() (Yilin Zhang, Weiming Shi)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'perf-urgent-2026-09-06' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull perf events fixes from Ingo Molnar:
- Skip empty AUX records with only format flags (Leo Yan)
- Fix use-after-free when perf mmap() revival races with the
last munmap() (Yilin Zhang, Weiming Shi)
* tag 'perf-urgent-2026-09-06' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
perf: Fix use-after-free when perf mmap() revival races with the last munmap()
perf/core: Skip empty AUX records with only format flags
|
||
|
|
c8990f3179 |
Misc locking fixes:
- Fix a softirq processing delay bug in local_interrupt_disable(),
which should mostly only affect the Rust runtime (Boqun Feng)
- Remove the hardirq_disable_count() function which caused the
previous bug and is now unused & unnecessary (Boqun Feng)
- lockdep: Invalidate stale class_cache entries for zapped classes
(Eric Dumazet)
- Fix rt_mutex specific futex scheduling helpers
(Sebastian Andrzej Siewior)
- Fix rcuwait use-after-free race during futex requeue PI (Yao Kai)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'locking-urgent-2026-09-06' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull locking fixes from Ingo Molnar:
- Fix a softirq processing delay bug in local_interrupt_disable(),
which should mostly only affect the Rust runtime (Boqun Feng)
- Remove the hardirq_disable_count() function which caused the
previous bug and is now unused & unnecessary (Boqun Feng)
- lockdep: Invalidate stale class_cache entries for zapped classes
(Eric Dumazet)
- Fix rt_mutex specific futex scheduling helpers
(Sebastian Andrzej Siewior)
- Fix rcuwait use-after-free race during futex requeue PI (Yao Kai)
* tag 'locking-urgent-2026-09-06' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
futex: Prevent rcuwait use-after-free during requeue PI
futex: Provide rt_mutex_.*_schedule() equivalents for futex scheduling
locking/lockdep: Invalidate stale class_cache entries for zapped classes
preempt: Remove hardirq_disable_count()
interrupt: Disable interrupt before modifying hardirq_disable counter
|