linux/kernel
Amery Hung 06d518a558 bpf: Preserve reg->id of pointer objects after null-check
Preserve reg->id of pointer objects after null-checking the register so
that children objects derived from it can still refer to it in the new
object relationship tracking mechanism introduced in a later patch. This
change incurs a slight increase in the number of states in one selftest
bpf object, rbtree_search.bpf.o. For Meta bpf objects, the increase of
states is also negligible.

Selftest BPF objects with insns_diff > 0

Program                   Insns (A)  Insns (B)  Insns   (DIFF)  States (A)  States (B)  States (DIFF)
------------------------  ---------  ---------  --------------  ----------  ----------  -------------
rbtree_search                  6820       7326   +506 (+7.42%)         379         398   +19 (+5.01%)

Meta BPF objects with insns_diff > 0

Program                   Insns (A)  Insns (B)  Insns   (DIFF)  States (A)  States (B)  States (DIFF)
------------------------  ---------  ---------  --------------  ----------  ----------  -------------
ned_imex_be_tclass               52         57     +5 (+9.62%)           5           6   +1 (+20.00%)
ned_imex_be_tclass               52         57     +5 (+9.62%)           5           6   +1 (+20.00%)
ned_skop_auto_flowlabel         523        526     +3 (+0.57%)          39          40    +1 (+2.56%)
ned_skop_mss                    289        292     +3 (+1.04%)          20          20    +0 (+0.00%)
ned_skopt_bet_classifier         78         82     +4 (+5.13%)           8           8    +0 (+0.00%)
dctcp_update_alpha              252        320   +68 (+26.98%)          21          27   +6 (+28.57%)
dctcp_update_alpha              252        320   +68 (+26.98%)          21          27   +6 (+28.57%)
ned_ts_func                     119        126     +7 (+5.88%)           6           7   +1 (+16.67%)
tw_egress                      1119       1128     +9 (+0.80%)          95          96    +1 (+1.05%)
tw_ingress                     1128       1137     +9 (+0.80%)          95          96    +1 (+1.05%)
tw_tproxy_router               4380       4465    +85 (+1.94%)         114         118    +4 (+3.51%)
tw_tproxy_router4              3093       3170    +77 (+2.49%)          83          88    +5 (+6.02%)
ttls_tc_ingress               34656      35717  +1061 (+3.06%)         936         970   +34 (+3.63%)
tw_twfw_egress               222327     222338    +11 (+0.00%)       10563       10564    +1 (+0.01%)
tw_twfw_ingress               78295      78299     +4 (+0.01%)        3825        3826    +1 (+0.03%)
tw_twfw_tc_eg                222839     222859    +20 (+0.01%)       10584       10585    +1 (+0.01%)
tw_twfw_tc_in                 78295      78299     +4 (+0.01%)        3825        3826    +1 (+0.03%)
tw_twfw_egress                 8080       8085     +5 (+0.06%)         456         456    +0 (+0.00%)
tw_twfw_ingress                8053       8056     +3 (+0.04%)         454         454    +0 (+0.00%)
tw_twfw_tc_eg                  8154       8174    +20 (+0.25%)         456         457    +1 (+0.22%)
tw_twfw_tc_in                  8060       8063     +3 (+0.04%)         455         455    +0 (+0.00%)
tw_twfw_egress               222327     222338    +11 (+0.00%)       10563       10564    +1 (+0.01%)
tw_twfw_ingress               78295      78299     +4 (+0.01%)        3825        3826    +1 (+0.03%)
tw_twfw_tc_eg                222839     222859    +20 (+0.01%)       10584       10585    +1 (+0.01%)
tw_twfw_tc_in                 78295      78299     +4 (+0.01%)        3825        3826    +1 (+0.03%)
tw_twfw_egress                 8080       8085     +5 (+0.06%)         456         456    +0 (+0.00%)
tw_twfw_ingress                8053       8056     +3 (+0.04%)         454         454    +0 (+0.00%)
tw_twfw_tc_eg                  8154       8174    +20 (+0.25%)         456         457    +1 (+0.22%)
tw_twfw_tc_in                  8060       8063     +3 (+0.04%)         455         455    +0 (+0.00%)

Looking into rbtree_search, the reason for such increase is that the
verifier has to explore the main loop shown below for one more iteration
until state pruning decides the current state is safe.

long rbtree_search(void *ctx)
{
	...
	bpf_spin_lock(&glock0);
	rb_n = bpf_rbtree_root(&groot0);
	while (can_loop) {
		if (!rb_n) {
			bpf_spin_unlock(&glock0);
			return __LINE__;
		}

		n = rb_entry(rb_n, struct node_data, r0);
		if (lookup_key == n->key0)
			break;
		if (nr_gc < NR_NODES)
			gc_ns[nr_gc++] = rb_n;
		if (lookup_key < n->key0)
			rb_n = bpf_rbtree_left(&groot0, rb_n);
		else
			rb_n = bpf_rbtree_right(&groot0, rb_n);
	}
	...
}

Below is what the verifier sees at the start of each iteration
(65: may_goto) after preserving id of rb_n. Without id of rb_n, the
verifier stops exploring the loop at iter 16.

           rb_n  gc_ns[15]
iter 15    257   257

iter 16    290   257    rb_n: idmap add 257->290
                        gc_ns[15]: check 257 != 290 --> state not equal

iter 17    325   257    rb_n: idmap add 290->325
                        gc_ns[15]: idmap add 257->257 --> state safe

Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Amery Hung <ameryhung@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260529014936.2811085-5-ameryhung@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-01 18:31:41 -07:00
..
bpf bpf: Preserve reg->id of pointer objects after null-check 2026-06-01 18:31:41 -07:00
cgroup cgroup: Fixes for v7.1-rc4 2026-05-22 16:28:47 -07:00
configs Remove WARN_ALL_UNSEEDED_RANDOM kernel config option 2026-02-23 11:18:48 -08:00
debug kgdb: update outdated references to kgdb_wait() 2026-04-21 16:41:54 +01:00
dma dma-mapping: move dma_map_resource() sanity check into debug code 2026-05-18 09:04:59 +02:00
entry arm64 updates for 7.1: 2026-04-14 16:48:56 -07:00
events Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf 7.1-rc3 2026-05-10 13:24:49 -07:00
futex futex: Prevent lockup in requeue-PI during signal/ timeout wakeup 2026-04-29 08:56:40 +02:00
gcov Convert more 'alloc_obj' cases to default GFP_KERNEL arguments 2026-02-21 20:03:00 -08:00
irq genirq/chip: Don't call add_interrupt_randomness() for NMIs 2026-05-11 14:56:04 +02:00
kcsan kcsan: test: Adjust "expect" allocation type for kmalloc_obj 2026-02-26 09:54:08 -08:00
livepatch Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
liveupdate liveupdate fixes for v7.1-rc4 2026-05-13 08:24:50 -07:00
locking locking/mutex: Fix ww_mutex wait_list operations 2026-04-23 10:05:49 +02:00
module module: Simplify warning on positive returns from module_init() 2026-04-04 00:04:48 +00:00
power Merge branches 'pm-cpuidle', 'pm-opp' and 'pm-sleep' 2026-04-10 12:37:27 +02:00
printk Merge branch 'rework/prb-fixes' into for-linus 2026-04-20 13:42:01 +02:00
rcu srcu: Don't queue workqueue handlers to never-online CPUs 2026-05-18 12:27:18 -07:00
sched sched_ext: Fixes for v7.1-rc4 2026-05-22 16:43:33 -07:00
time timers/migration: Fix another hotplug activation race 2026-05-06 08:21:12 +02:00
trace Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf 7.1-rc5 2026-05-25 06:33:30 -07:00
unwind Convert more 'alloc_obj' cases to default GFP_KERNEL arguments 2026-02-21 20:03:00 -08:00
.gitignore kheaders: rebuild kheaders_data.tar.xz when a file is modified within a minute 2025-06-24 20:30:37 +09:00
acct.c vfs-7.1-rc1.misc 2026-04-13 14:20:11 -07:00
async.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
audit_fsnotify.c audit: widen ino fields to u64 2026-03-06 14:31:26 +01:00
audit_tree.c Convert 'alloc_flex' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
audit_watch.c audit: widen ino fields to u64 2026-03-06 14:31:26 +01:00
audit.c audit: enforce AUDIT_LOCKED for AUDIT_TRIM and AUDIT_MAKE_EQUIV 2026-05-12 16:10:38 -04:00
audit.h audit: widen ino fields to u64 2026-03-06 14:31:26 +01:00
auditfilter.c audit: fix coding style issues 2026-03-05 22:16:08 -05:00
auditsc.c audit: fix incorrect inheritable capability in CAPSET records 2026-05-12 16:05:57 -04:00
backtracetest.c
bounds.c x86/asm: Remove ANNOTATE_DATA_SPECIAL usage 2025-12-03 16:53:19 +01:00
capability.c
cfi.c cfi: Move BPF CFI types and helpers to generic code 2025-07-31 18:23:53 -07:00
compat.c
configs.c
context_tracking.c context_tracking: Remove rcu_task_trace_heavyweight_{enter,exit}() 2026-01-01 16:39:46 +08:00
cpu_pm.c syscore: Pass context data to callbacks 2025-11-14 10:01:52 +01:00
cpu.c SPDX updates for 7.0-rc1 2026-02-17 09:46:03 -08:00
crash_core_test.c crash: add KUnit tests for crash_exclude_mem_range 2025-09-13 17:32:55 -07:00
crash_core.c kernel/crash: remove inclusion of crypto/sha1.h 2026-03-27 21:19:46 -07:00
crash_dump_dm_crypt.c crash_dump/dm-crypt: don't print in arch-specific code 2026-04-02 23:36:24 -07:00
crash_reserve.c kernel/crash: remove inclusion of crypto/sha1.h 2026-03-27 21:19:46 -07:00
cred.c cred: remove unused set_security_override_from_ctx() 2026-01-06 20:52:57 -05:00
delayacct.c delayacct: fix uapi timespec64 definition 2026-02-08 00:13:32 -08:00
dma.c
elfcorehdr.c
exec_domain.c
exit.c ptrace: slightly saner 'get_dumpable()' logic 2026-05-14 08:32:11 -07:00
exit.h
extable.c
fail_function.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
fork.c futex: Drop CLONE_THREAD requirement for private default hash alloc 2026-05-01 13:12:34 -07:00
freezer.c freezer: Clarify that only cgroup1 freezer uses PM freezer 2025-10-30 20:10:27 +01:00
gen_kheaders.sh kheaders: make it possible to override TAR 2025-08-06 10:23:36 +09:00
groups.c treewide: Replace kmalloc with kmalloc_obj for non-scalar types 2026-02-21 01:02:28 -08:00
hung_task.c hung_task: explicitly report I/O wait state in log output 2026-03-27 21:19:40 -07:00
iomem.c
irq_work.c irq_work: Fix use-after-free in irq_work_single() on PREEMPT_RT 2026-05-11 16:28:04 +02:00
jump_label.c jump_label: use ATOMIC_INIT() for initialization of .enabled 2026-03-16 13:16:48 +01:00
kallsyms_internal.h kallsyms: Get rid of kallsyms relative base 2026-01-22 15:58:22 -07:00
kallsyms_selftest.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
kallsyms_selftest.h
kallsyms.c mm.git review status for linus..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-02-12 12:13:01 -08:00
kcmp.c
Kconfig.freezer
Kconfig.hz
Kconfig.kexec liveupdate: kho: move to kernel/liveupdate 2025-11-27 14:24:33 -08:00
Kconfig.locks
Kconfig.preempt sched: Further restrict the preemption modes 2026-01-08 12:43:57 +01:00
kcov.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
kexec_core.c kernel/kexec: remove inclusion of crypto/hash.h 2026-03-27 21:19:46 -07:00
kexec_elf.c
kexec_file.c kexec: derive purgatory entry from symbol 2026-01-31 16:16:07 -08:00
kexec_internal.h kexec: enable CMA based contiguous allocation 2025-08-02 12:01:38 -07:00
kexec.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
kheaders.c
kprobes.c kprobes: Remove unneeded warnings from __arm_kprobe_ftrace() 2026-03-13 23:15:26 +09:00
kstack_erase.c sysctl: remove __user qualifier from stack_erasing_sysctl buffer argument 2025-11-27 15:44:53 +01:00
ksyms_common.c
ksysfs.c kernel: ksysfs: initialize kernel_kobj earlier 2026-04-03 19:39:52 +02:00
kthread.c kthread: consolidate kthread exit paths to prevent use-after-free 2026-02-26 10:45:49 +01:00
latencytop.c
Makefile kcov: Enable context analysis 2026-01-05 16:43:34 +01:00
module_signature.c module: Give 'enum pkey_id_type' a more specific name 2026-03-24 21:42:37 +00:00
notifier.c
nscommon.c nsfs: tighten permission checks for ns iteration ioctls 2026-02-27 22:00:08 +01:00
nsproxy.c vfs-7.1-rc1.mount.v2 2026-04-14 19:59:25 -07:00
nstree.c nstree: tighten permission checks for listing 2026-02-27 22:00:11 +01:00
padata.c padata: Put CPU offline callback in ONLINE section to allow failure 2026-03-22 11:17:59 +09:00
panic.c kernel/panic: mark init_taint_buf as __initdata and panic instead of warning in alloc_taint_buf() 2026-03-27 21:19:33 -07:00
params.c module: Clean up parse_args() arguments 2026-03-18 21:43:18 +00:00
pid_namespace.c pid_namespace: allow opening pid_for_children before init was created 2026-03-20 14:44:26 +01:00
pid_sysctl.h
pid.c mm.git review status for linus..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-04-16 20:11:56 -07:00
profile.c
ptrace.c ptrace: slightly saner 'get_dumpable()' logic 2026-05-14 08:32:11 -07:00
range.c
reboot.c treewide: Replace kmalloc with kmalloc_obj for non-scalar types 2026-02-21 01:02:28 -08:00
regset.c
relay.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
resource_kunit.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
resource.c PCI: Align head space better 2026-03-27 10:19:08 -05:00
rseq.c rseq: Reenable performance optimizations conditionally 2026-05-06 17:40:27 +02:00
scftorture.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
scs.c scs: fix a wrong parameter in __scs_magic 2025-11-12 10:00:13 -08:00
seccomp.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
signal.c mm.git review status for linus..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-04-16 20:11:56 -07:00
smp.c tracing updates for v7.1: 2026-04-17 09:43:12 -07:00
smpboot.c sched/smp: Use the SMP version of idle_thread_set_boot_cpu() 2025-06-13 08:47:20 +02:00
smpboot.h
softirq.c softirq: Prepare for deferred hrtimer rearming 2026-02-27 16:40:13 +01:00
stacktrace.c
static_call_inline.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
static_call.c
stop_machine.c sched/core: Fix migrate_swap() vs. hotplug 2025-07-01 15:02:03 +02:00
sys_ni.c rseq: Implement sys_rseq_slice_yield() 2026-01-22 11:11:17 +01:00
sys.c prctl: cfi: change the branch landing pad prctl()s to be more descriptive 2026-04-04 18:40:58 -06:00
sysctl-test.c
sysctl.c sysctl: fix uninitialized variable in proc_do_large_bitmap 2026-03-26 09:32:19 +01:00
task_work.c task_work: Fix NMI race condition 2025-10-29 10:29:54 +01:00
taskstats.c taskstats: set version in TGID exit notifications 2026-04-15 02:15:02 -07:00
torture.c torture: Avoid modulo-zero error in torture_hrtimeout_ns() 2026-03-30 15:48:14 -04:00
tracepoint.c tracepoint: balance regfunc() on func_add() failure in tracepoint_add_func() 2026-04-14 05:17:02 -04:00
tsacct.c tsacct: skip all kernel threads 2026-01-26 19:07:13 -08:00
ucount.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
uid16.c
uid16.h
umh.c treewide: Replace kmalloc with kmalloc_obj for non-scalar types 2026-02-21 01:02:28 -08:00
up.c
user_namespace.c Convert remaining multi-line kmalloc_obj/flex GFP_KERNEL uses 2026-02-22 08:26:33 -08:00
user-return-notifier.c
user.c ns: drop custom reference count initialization for initial namespaces 2025-11-11 10:01:32 +01:00
utsname_sysctl.c
utsname.c namespace-6.18-rc1 2025-09-29 11:20:29 -07:00
vhost_task.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
vmcore_info.c mm.git review status for linus..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-04-16 20:11:56 -07:00
watch_queue.c Convert 'alloc_flex' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
watchdog_buddy.c watchdog/hardlockup: improve buddy system detection timeliness 2026-03-27 21:19:47 -07:00
watchdog_perf.c watchdog/hardlockup: simplify perf event probe and remove per-cpu dependency 2026-02-08 00:13:35 -08:00
watchdog.c watchdog/hardlockup: improve buddy system detection timeliness 2026-03-27 21:19:47 -07:00
workqueue_internal.h workqueue: Show in-flight work item duration in stall diagnostics 2026-03-05 07:27:48 -10:00
workqueue.c workqueue: Fix wq->cpu_pwq leak in alloc_and_link_pwqs() WQ_UNBOUND path 2026-05-08 07:59:44 -10:00