Commit Graph

744 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Zhenzhong Duan
79ea2feb91 iommu/vt-d: Avoid NULL pointer dereference or refcount corruption
Commit 60f030f741 ("iommu/vt-d: Avoid use of NULL after WARN_ON_ONCE")
fixed a NULL pointer dereference in an unlikely situation partly.

If dev_pasid is not found in the dev_pasids list, it remains NULL.
However, the teardown operations are executed unconditionally, this lead
to a NULL pointer dereference or refcount corruption.

If the domain was never attached to this IOMMU, info will be NULL, which
would cause an immediate dereference when checking --info->refcnt.

Even if info is not NULL, decrementing the refcount without having removed
a valid PASID might unbalance the count. This could lead to premature
dropping of the refcount to 0, potentially causing a use-after-free for the
remaining active devices sharing the domain.

Fix it by returning early if dev_pasid is NULL, before executing the
teardown operations.

Issue found by AI review and suggested by Kevin Tian.
https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260421031347.1408890-1-zhenzhong.duan%40intel.com

Fixes: 60f030f741 ("iommu/vt-d: Avoid use of NULL after WARN_ON_ONCE")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhenzhong Duan <zhenzhong.duan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260422033538.95000-1-zhenzhong.duan@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-05-11 10:19:37 +02:00
Zhenzhong Duan
a6dea58d86 iommu/vt-d: Fix oops due to out of scope access
Below oops triggers when kill QEMU process:

  Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x7fffffff844eaaa7: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  Call Trace:
   <TASK>
   do_raw_spin_lock+0xaa/0xc0
   _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x21/0x40
   domain_remove_dev_pasid+0x52/0x160
   intel_nested_set_dev_pasid+0x1b9/0x1e0
   __iommu_set_group_pasid+0x56/0x120
   pci_dev_reset_iommu_done+0xe3/0x180
   pcie_flr+0x65/0x160
   __pci_reset_function_locked+0x5b/0x120
   vfio_pci_core_close_device+0x63/0xe0 [vfio_pci_core]
   vfio_df_close+0x4f/0xa0
   vfio_df_unbind_iommufd+0x2d/0x60
   vfio_device_fops_release+0x3e/0x40
   __fput+0xe5/0x2c0
   task_work_run+0x58/0xa0
   do_exit+0x2c8/0x600
   do_group_exit+0x2f/0xa0
   get_signal+0x863/0x8c0
   arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x24/0x100
   exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x87/0x380
   do_syscall_64+0x2ff/0x11e0
   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

The global static blocked domain is a dummy domain without corresponding
dmar_domain structure, accessing beyond iommu_domain structure triggers
oops easily. Fix it by return early in domain_remove_dev_pasid() like
identity domain.

Fixes: 7d0c9da6c1 ("iommu/vt-d: Add set_dev_pasid callback for dma domain")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Zhenzhong Duan <zhenzhong.duan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260421031347.1408890-1-zhenzhong.duan@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-05-11 10:19:36 +02:00
Naval Alcalá
2cda2e10dc iommu/vt-d: Disable DMAR for Intel Q35 IGFX
Intel Q35 integrated graphics (8086:29b2) exhibits broken DMAR
behaviour similar to other G4x/GM45 devices for which DMAR is
already disabled via quirks.

When DMAR is enabled, the system may hard lock up during boot or
early device initialization, requiring a reset.

Add the missing PCI ID to the existing quirk list to disable
DMAR for this device.

Fixes: 1f76249cc3 ("iommu/vt-d: Declare Broadwell igfx dmar support snafu")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Closes: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201185
Closes: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=216064
Signed-off-by: Naval Alcalá <ari@naval.cat>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260410161622.13549-1-ari@naval.cat
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-05-11 10:19:36 +02:00
Will Deacon
f8d5e7066d Merge branches 'fixes', 'arm/smmu/updates', 'arm/smmu/bindings', 'riscv', 'intel/vt-d', 'amd/amd-vi' and 'core' into next 2026-04-09 13:18:27 +01:00
Alex Williamson
ebfaf2bcc1 iommu/vt-d: Restore IOMMU_CAP_CACHE_COHERENCY
In removing IOMMU_CAP_DEFERRED_FLUSH, the below referenced commit
was over-eager in removing the return, resulting in the test for
IOMMU_CAP_CACHE_COHERENCY falling through to an irrelevant option.

Restore dropped return.

Fixes: 1c18a1212c ("iommu/dma: Always allow DMA-FQ when iommupt provides the iommu_domain")
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
2026-04-09 13:02:40 +01:00
Jason Gunthorpe
b334d7f7e2 iommu/vt-d: Remove the remaining pages along the invalidation path
This was only being used to signal that a flush all should be used.
Use mask/size_order >= 52 to signal this instead.

Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/3-v1-f175e27af136+11647-iommupt_inv_vtd_jgg@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-02 09:26:08 +02:00
Jason Gunthorpe
e36ee89679 iommu/vt-d: Pass size_order to qi_desc_piotlb() not npages
It doesn't make sense for the caller to compute mask, throw it away
and then have qi_desc_piotlb() compute it again.

Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2-v1-f175e27af136+11647-iommupt_inv_vtd_jgg@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-02 09:26:08 +02:00
Jason Gunthorpe
b6fd468a05 iommu/vt-d: Split piotlb invalidation into range and all
Currently these call chains are muddled up by using npages=-1, but only
one caller has the possibility to do both options.

Simplify qi_flush_piotlb() to qi_flush_piotlb_all() since all callers
pass npages=-1.

Split qi_batch_add_piotlb() into qi_batch_add_piotlb_all() and related
helpers.

Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1-v1-f175e27af136+11647-iommupt_inv_vtd_jgg@nvidia.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-02 09:26:07 +02:00
Bjorn Helgaas
51234c4e57 iommu/vt-d: Remove dmar_writel() and dmar_writeq()
dmar_writel() and dmar_writeq() do nothing other than expand to the generic
writel() and writeq(), and the dmar_write*() wrappers are used
inconsistently.

Remove the dmar_write*() wrappers and use writel() and writeq() directly.

Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260217214438.3395039-3-bhelgaas@google.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-02 09:26:06 +02:00
Bjorn Helgaas
9730091371 iommu/vt-d: Remove dmar_readl() and dmar_readq()
dmar_readl() and dmar_readq() do nothing other than expand to the generic
readl() and readq(), and the dmar_read*() wrappers are used inconsistently.

Remove the dmar_read*() wrappers and use readl() and readq() directly.

Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260217214438.3395039-2-bhelgaas@google.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-02 09:26:05 +02:00
Zhenzhong Duan
ae2fafc19e iommu/vt-d: Support dirty tracking on PASID
In order to support passthrough device with PASID capability in QEMU,
e.g., DSA device, kernel needs to support attaching PASID to a domain.

But attaching is not allowed if the domain is a second stage domain or
nested domain with dirty tracking.

The reason is kernel lacking support for dirty tracking on such domain
attached to PASID. By adding dirty tracking on PASID, the check can be
removed.

Signed-off-by: Zhenzhong Duan <zhenzhong.duan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Yi Liu <yi.l.liu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260330101108.12594-4-zhenzhong.duan@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-02 09:26:05 +02:00
Zhenzhong Duan
922e2598a4 iommu/vt-d: Rename device_set_dirty_tracking() and pass dmar_domain pointer
device_set_dirty_tracking() sets dirty tracking on all devices attached to
a domain, also on all PASIDs attached to same domain in subsequent patch.

So rename it as domain_set_dirty_tracking() and pass dmar_domain pointer
to better align to what it does.

No functional changes intended.

Suggested-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhenzhong Duan <zhenzhong.duan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Yi Liu <yi.l.liu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260330101108.12594-3-zhenzhong.duan@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-02 09:26:05 +02:00
Zhenzhong Duan
cc5bd898ff iommu/vt-d: Block PASID attachment to nested domain with dirty tracking
Kernel lacks dirty tracking support on nested domain attached to PASID,
fails the attachment early if nesting parent domain is dirty tracking
configured, otherwise dirty pages would be lost.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 67f6f56b59 ("iommu/vt-d: Add set_dev_pasid callback for nested domain")
Suggested-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhenzhong Duan <zhenzhong.duan@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Yi Liu <yi.l.liu@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260330101108.12594-2-zhenzhong.duan@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Fixes: 67f6f56b59 ("iommu/vt-d: Add set_dev_pasid callback for nested  domain")
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-02 09:26:04 +02:00
Jason Gunthorpe
1c18a1212c iommu/dma: Always allow DMA-FQ when iommupt provides the iommu_domain
iommupt always supports the semantics required for DMA-FQ, when drivers
are converted to use it they automatically get support.

Detect iommpt directly instead of using IOMMU_CAP_DEFERRED_FLUSH and
remove IOMMU_CAP_DEFERRED_FLUSH from converted drivers.

This will also enable DMA-FQ on RISC-V.

Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-04-01 09:50:20 +02:00
Shameer Kolothum
a82efb8747 iommu: Add device ATS supported capability
PCIe ATS may be disabled by platform firmware, root complex limitations,
or kernel policy even when a device advertises the ATS capability in its
PCI configuration space.

Add a new IOMMU_CAP_PCI_ATS_SUPPORTED capability to allow IOMMU drivers
to report the effective ATS decision for a device.

When this capability is true for a device, ATS may be enabled for that
device, but it does not imply that ATS is currently enabled.

A subsequent patch will extend iommufd to expose the effective ATS
status to userspace.

Suggested-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Shameer Kolothum <skolothumtho@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-03-17 14:05:05 +01:00
Lu Baolu
39c20c4e83 iommu/vt-d: Only handle IOPF for SVA when PRI is supported
In intel_svm_set_dev_pasid(), the driver unconditionally manages the IOPF
handling during a domain transition. However, commit a86fb77173
("iommu/vt-d: Allow SVA with device-specific IOPF") introduced support for
SVA on devices that handle page faults internally without utilizing the
PCI PRI. On such devices, the IOMMU-side IOPF infrastructure is not
required. Calling iopf_for_domain_replace() on these devices is incorrect
and can lead to unexpected failures during PASID attachment or unwinding.

Add a check for info->pri_supported to ensure that the IOPF queue logic
is only invoked for devices that actually rely on the IOMMU's PRI-based
fault handling.

Fixes: 17fce9d233 ("iommu/vt-d: Put iopf enablement in domain attach path")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260310075520.295104-1-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-03-17 13:20:06 +01:00
Guanghui Feng
fe89277c9c iommu/vt-d: Fix intel iommu iotlb sync hardlockup and retry
During the qi_check_fault process after an IOMMU ITE event, requests at
odd-numbered positions in the queue are set to QI_ABORT, only satisfying
single-request submissions. However, qi_submit_sync now supports multiple
simultaneous submissions, and can't guarantee that the wait_desc will be
at an odd-numbered position. Therefore, if an item times out, IOMMU can't
re-initiate the request, resulting in an infinite polling wait.

This modifies the process by setting the status of all requests already
fetched by IOMMU and recorded as QI_IN_USE status (including wait_desc
requests) to QI_ABORT, thus enabling multiple requests to be resubmitted.

Fixes: 8a1d824625 ("iommu/vt-d: Multiple descriptors per qi_submit_sync()")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Guanghui Feng <guanghuifeng@linux.alibaba.com>
Tested-by: Shuai Xue <xueshuai@linux.alibaba.com>
Reviewed-by: Shuai Xue <xueshuai@linux.alibaba.com>
Reviewed-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260306101516.3885775-1-guanghuifeng@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Fixes: 8a1d824625 ("iommu/vt-d: Multiple descriptors per  qi_submit_sync()")
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-03-17 13:20:06 +01:00
Linus Torvalds
bf4afc53b7 Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument
This was done entirely with mindless brute force, using

    git grep -l '\<k[vmz]*alloc_objs*(.*, GFP_KERNEL)' |
        xargs sed -i 's/\(alloc_objs*(.*\), GFP_KERNEL)/\1)/'

to convert the new alloc_obj() users that had a simple GFP_KERNEL
argument to just drop that argument.

Note that due to the extreme simplicity of the scripting, any slightly
more complex cases spread over multiple lines would not be triggered:
they definitely exist, but this covers the vast bulk of the cases, and
the resulting diff is also then easier to check automatically.

For the same reason the 'flex' versions will be done as a separate
conversion.

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
Kees Cook
69050f8d6d treewide: Replace kmalloc with kmalloc_obj for non-scalar types
This is the result of running the Coccinelle script from
scripts/coccinelle/api/kmalloc_objs.cocci. The script is designed to
avoid scalar types (which need careful case-by-case checking), and
instead replace kmalloc-family calls that allocate struct or union
object instances:

Single allocations:	kmalloc(sizeof(TYPE), ...)
are replaced with:	kmalloc_obj(TYPE, ...)

Array allocations:	kmalloc_array(COUNT, sizeof(TYPE), ...)
are replaced with:	kmalloc_objs(TYPE, COUNT, ...)

Flex array allocations:	kmalloc(struct_size(PTR, FAM, COUNT), ...)
are replaced with:	kmalloc_flex(*PTR, FAM, COUNT, ...)

(where TYPE may also be *VAR)

The resulting allocations no longer return "void *", instead returning
"TYPE *".

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
2026-02-21 01:02:28 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
1e0ea4dff0 IOMMU Updates for Linux v7.0
Including:
 
 	- Core changes:
 	  - Rust bindings for IO-pgtable code
 	  - IOMMU page allocation debugging support
 	  - Disable ATS during PCI resets
 
 	- Intel VT-d changes:
 	  - Skip dev-iotlb flush for inaccessible PCIe device
 	  - Flush cache for PASID table before using it
 	  - Use right invalidation method for SVA and NESTED domains
 	  - Ensure atomicity in context and PASID entry updates
 
 	- AMD-Vi changes:
 	  - Support for nested translations
 	  - Other minor improvements
 
 	- ARM-SMMU-v2 changes:
 	  - Configure SoC-specific prefetcher settings for Qualcomm's "MDSS".
 
 	- ARM-SMMU-v3 changes:
 	  - Improve CMDQ locking fairness for pathetically small queue sizes.
 	  - Remove tracking of the IAS as this is only relevant for AArch32 and
 	    was causing C_BAD_STE errors.
 	  - Add device-tree support for NVIDIA's CMDQV extension.
 	  - Allow some hitless transitions for the 'MEV' and 'EATS' STE fields.
 	  - Don't disable ATS for nested S1-bypass nested domains.
 	  - Additions to the kunit selftests.
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Merge tag 'iommu-updates-v7.0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/iommu/linux

Pull iommu updates from Joerg Roedel:
 "Core changes:
   - Rust bindings for IO-pgtable code
   - IOMMU page allocation debugging support
   - Disable ATS during PCI resets

  Intel VT-d changes:
   - Skip dev-iotlb flush for inaccessible PCIe device
   - Flush cache for PASID table before using it
   - Use right invalidation method for SVA and NESTED domains
   - Ensure atomicity in context and PASID entry updates

  AMD-Vi changes:
   - Support for nested translations
   - Other minor improvements

  ARM-SMMU-v2 changes:
   - Configure SoC-specific prefetcher settings for Qualcomm's "MDSS"

  ARM-SMMU-v3 changes:
   - Improve CMDQ locking fairness for pathetically small queue sizes
   - Remove tracking of the IAS as this is only relevant for AArch32 and
     was causing C_BAD_STE errors
   - Add device-tree support for NVIDIA's CMDQV extension
   - Allow some hitless transitions for the 'MEV' and 'EATS' STE fields
   - Don't disable ATS for nested S1-bypass nested domains
   - Additions to the kunit selftests"

* tag 'iommu-updates-v7.0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/iommu/linux: (54 commits)
  iommupt: Always add IOVA range to iotlb_gather in gather_range_pages()
  iommu/amd: serialize sequence allocation under concurrent TLB invalidations
  iommu/amd: Fix type of type parameter to amd_iommufd_hw_info()
  iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Do not set disable_ats unless vSTE is Translate
  iommu/arm-smmu-v3-test: Add nested s1bypass/s1dssbypass coverage
  iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Mark EATS_TRANS safe when computing the update sequence
  iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Mark STE MEV safe when computing the update sequence
  iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Add update_safe bits to fix STE update sequence
  iommu/arm-smmu-v3: Add device-tree support for CMDQV driver
  iommu/tegra241-cmdqv: Decouple driver from ACPI
  iommu/arm-smmu-qcom: Restore ACTLR settings for MDSS on sa8775p
  iommu/vt-d: Fix race condition during PASID entry replacement
  iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down context entry
  iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down PASID entry
  iommu/vt-d: Flush piotlb for SVM and Nested domain
  iommu/vt-d: Flush cache for PASID table before using it
  iommu/vt-d: Flush dev-IOTLB only when PCIe device is accessible in scalable mode
  iommu/vt-d: Skip dev-iotlb flush for inaccessible PCIe device without scalable mode
  rust: iommu: fix `srctree` link warning
  rust: iommu: fix Rust formatting
  ...
2026-02-11 16:36:08 -08:00
Linus Torvalds
2619c62b7e Trivial cleanups for the posted MSI interrupt handling
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Merge tag 'x86-irq-2026-02-09' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull x86 irq updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Trivial cleanups for the posted MSI interrupt handling"

* tag 'x86-irq-2026-02-09' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/irq_remapping: Sanitize posted_msi_supported()
  x86/irq: Cleanup posted MSI code
2026-02-10 17:39:08 -08:00
Joerg Roedel
ad09563660 Merge branches 'fixes', 'arm/smmu/updates', 'intel/vt-d', 'amd/amd-vi' and 'core' into next 2026-02-06 11:10:40 +01:00
Viktor Kleen
02f9d76a76 iommu/vt-d: Treat PAGE_SNOOP and PWSNP separately
The PASID_FLAG_PAGE_SNOOP and PASID_FLAG_PWSNP constants are identical.
This will cause the pasid code to always set both or neither of the
PGSNP and PWSNP bits in PASID table entries. However, PWSNP is a
reserved bit if SMPWC is not set in the IOMMU's extended capability
register, even if SC is supported.

This has resulted in DMAR errors when testing the iommufd code on an
Arrow Lake platform. With this patch, those errors disappear and the
PASID table entries look correct.

Fixes: 101a285411 ("iommu/vt-d: Follow PT_FEAT_DMA_INCOHERENT into the PASID entry")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Viktor Kleen <viktor@kleen.org>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260202192109.1665799-1-viktor@kleen.org
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-02-06 11:01:00 +01:00
Lu Baolu
c3b1edea37 iommu/vt-d: Fix race condition during PASID entry replacement
The Intel VT-d PASID table entry is 512 bits (64 bytes). When replacing
an active PASID entry (e.g., during domain replacement), the current
implementation calculates a new entry on the stack and copies it to the
table using a single structure assignment.

        struct pasid_entry *pte, new_pte;

        pte = intel_pasid_get_entry(dev, pasid);
        pasid_pte_config_first_level(iommu, &new_pte, ...);
        *pte = new_pte;

Because the hardware may fetch the 512-bit PASID entry in multiple
128-bit chunks, updating the entire entry while it is active (Present
bit set) risks a "torn" read. In this scenario, the IOMMU hardware
could observe an inconsistent state — partially new data and partially
old data — leading to unpredictable behavior or spurious faults.

Fix this by removing the unsafe "replace" helpers and following the
"clear-then-update" flow, which ensures the Present bit is cleared and
the required invalidation handshake is completed before the new
configuration is applied.

Fixes: 7543ee63e8 ("iommu/vt-d: Add pasid replace helpers")
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260120061816.2132558-4-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-01-22 09:20:30 +01:00
Lu Baolu
c1e4f1dccb iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down context entry
When tearing down a context entry, the current implementation zeros the
entire 128-bit entry using multiple 64-bit writes. This creates a window
where the hardware can fetch a "torn" entry — where some fields are
already zeroed while the 'Present' bit is still set — leading to
unpredictable behavior or spurious faults.

While x86 provides strong write ordering, the compiler may reorder writes
to the two 64-bit halves of the context entry. Even without compiler
reordering, the hardware fetch is not guaranteed to be atomic with
respect to multiple CPU writes.

Align with the "Guidance to Software for Invalidations" in the VT-d spec
(Section 6.5.3.3) by implementing the recommended ownership handshake:

1. Clear only the 'Present' (P) bit of the context entry first to
   signal the transition of ownership from hardware to software.
2. Use dma_wmb() to ensure the cleared bit is visible to the IOMMU.
3. Perform the required cache and context-cache invalidation to ensure
   hardware no longer has cached references to the entry.
4. Fully zero out the entry only after the invalidation is complete.

Also, add a dma_wmb() to context_set_present() to ensure the entry
is fully initialized before the 'Present' bit becomes visible.

Fixes: ba39592764 ("Intel IOMMU: Intel IOMMU driver")
Reported-by: Dmytro Maluka <dmaluka@chromium.org>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/aTG7gc7I5wExai3S@google.com/
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmytro Maluka <dmaluka@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260120061816.2132558-3-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-01-22 09:20:29 +01:00
Lu Baolu
75ed00055c iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down PASID entry
The Intel VT-d Scalable Mode PASID table entry consists of 512 bits (64
bytes). When tearing down an entry, the current implementation zeros the
entire 64-byte structure immediately using multiple 64-bit writes.

Since the IOMMU hardware may fetch these 64 bytes using multiple
internal transactions (e.g., four 128-bit bursts), updating or zeroing
the entire entry while it is active (P=1) risks a "torn" read. If a
hardware fetch occurs simultaneously with the CPU zeroing the entry, the
hardware could observe an inconsistent state, leading to unpredictable
behavior or spurious faults.

Follow the "Guidance to Software for Invalidations" in the VT-d spec
(Section 6.5.3.3) by implementing the recommended ownership handshake:

1. Clear only the 'Present' (P) bit of the PASID entry.
2. Use a dma_wmb() to ensure the cleared bit is visible to hardware
   before proceeding.
3. Execute the required invalidation sequence (PASID cache, IOTLB, and
   Device-TLB flush) to ensure the hardware has released all cached
   references.
4. Only after the flushes are complete, zero out the remaining fields
   of the PASID entry.

Also, add a dma_wmb() in pasid_set_present() to ensure that all other
fields of the PASID entry are visible to the hardware before the Present
bit is set.

Fixes: 0bbeb01a4f ("iommu/vt-d: Manage scalalble mode PASID tables")
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmytro Maluka <dmaluka@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Samiullah Khawaja <skhawaja@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260120061816.2132558-2-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-01-22 09:20:29 +01:00
Yi Liu
04b1b069f1 iommu/vt-d: Flush piotlb for SVM and Nested domain
Besides the paging domains that use FS, SVM and Nested domains need to
use piotlb invalidation descriptor as well.

Fixes: b33125296b ("iommu/vt-d: Create unique domain ops for each stage")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Yi Liu <yi.l.liu@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251223065824.6164-1-yi.l.liu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-01-22 09:20:29 +01:00
Dmytro Maluka
22d169bdd2 iommu/vt-d: Flush cache for PASID table before using it
When writing the address of a freshly allocated zero-initialized PASID
table to a PASID directory entry, do that after the CPU cache flush for
this PASID table, not before it, to avoid the time window when this
PASID table may be already used by non-coherent IOMMU hardware while
its contents in RAM is still some random old data, not zero-initialized.

Fixes: 194b3348bd ("iommu/vt-d: Fix PASID directory pointer coherency")
Signed-off-by: Dmytro Maluka <dmaluka@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251221123508.37495-1-dmaluka@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-01-22 09:20:29 +01:00
Jinhui Guo
10e60d8781 iommu/vt-d: Flush dev-IOTLB only when PCIe device is accessible in scalable mode
Commit 4fc82cd907 ("iommu/vt-d: Don't issue ATS Invalidation
request when device is disconnected") relies on
pci_dev_is_disconnected() to skip ATS invalidation for
safely-removed devices, but it does not cover link-down caused
by faults, which can still hard-lock the system.

For example, if a VM fails to connect to the PCIe device,
"virsh destroy" is executed to release resources and isolate
the fault, but a hard-lockup occurs while releasing the group fd.

Call Trace:
 qi_submit_sync
 qi_flush_dev_iotlb
 intel_pasid_tear_down_entry
 device_block_translation
 blocking_domain_attach_dev
 __iommu_attach_device
 __iommu_device_set_domain
 __iommu_group_set_domain_internal
 iommu_detach_group
 vfio_iommu_type1_detach_group
 vfio_group_detach_container
 vfio_group_fops_release
 __fput

Although pci_device_is_present() is slower than
pci_dev_is_disconnected(), it still takes only ~70 µs on a
ConnectX-5 (8 GT/s, x2) and becomes even faster as PCIe speed
and width increase.

Besides, devtlb_invalidation_with_pasid() is called only in the
paths below, which are far less frequent than memory map/unmap.

1. mm-struct release
2. {attach,release}_dev
3. set/remove PASID
4. dirty-tracking setup

The gain in system stability far outweighs the negligible cost
of using pci_device_is_present() instead of pci_dev_is_disconnected()
to decide when to skip ATS invalidation, especially under GDR
high-load conditions.

Fixes: 4fc82cd907 ("iommu/vt-d: Don't issue ATS Invalidation request when device is disconnected")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jinhui Guo <guojinhui.liam@bytedance.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251211035946.2071-3-guojinhui.liam@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-01-22 09:20:28 +01:00
Jinhui Guo
42662d1983 iommu/vt-d: Skip dev-iotlb flush for inaccessible PCIe device without scalable mode
PCIe endpoints with ATS enabled and passed through to userspace
(e.g., QEMU, DPDK) can hard-lock the host when their link drops,
either by surprise removal or by a link fault.

Commit 4fc82cd907 ("iommu/vt-d: Don't issue ATS Invalidation
request when device is disconnected") adds pci_dev_is_disconnected()
to devtlb_invalidation_with_pasid() so ATS invalidation is skipped
only when the device is being safely removed, but it applies only
when Intel IOMMU scalable mode is enabled.

With scalable mode disabled or unsupported, a system hard-lock
occurs when a PCIe endpoint's link drops because the Intel IOMMU
waits indefinitely for an ATS invalidation that cannot complete.

Call Trace:
 qi_submit_sync
 qi_flush_dev_iotlb
 __context_flush_dev_iotlb.part.0
 domain_context_clear_one_cb
 pci_for_each_dma_alias
 device_block_translation
 blocking_domain_attach_dev
 iommu_deinit_device
 __iommu_group_remove_device
 iommu_release_device
 iommu_bus_notifier
 blocking_notifier_call_chain
 bus_notify
 device_del
 pci_remove_bus_device
 pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device
 pciehp_unconfigure_device
 pciehp_disable_slot
 pciehp_handle_presence_or_link_change
 pciehp_ist

Commit 81e921fd32 ("iommu/vt-d: Fix NULL domain on device release")
adds intel_pasid_teardown_sm_context() to intel_iommu_release_device(),
which calls qi_flush_dev_iotlb() and can also hard-lock the system
when a PCIe endpoint's link drops.

Call Trace:
 qi_submit_sync
 qi_flush_dev_iotlb
 __context_flush_dev_iotlb.part.0
 intel_context_flush_no_pasid
 device_pasid_table_teardown
 pci_pasid_table_teardown
 pci_for_each_dma_alias
 intel_pasid_teardown_sm_context
 intel_iommu_release_device
 iommu_deinit_device
 __iommu_group_remove_device
 iommu_release_device
 iommu_bus_notifier
 blocking_notifier_call_chain
 bus_notify
 device_del
 pci_remove_bus_device
 pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device
 pciehp_unconfigure_device
 pciehp_disable_slot
 pciehp_handle_presence_or_link_change
 pciehp_ist

Sometimes the endpoint loses connection without a link-down event
(e.g., due to a link fault); killing the process (virsh destroy)
then hard-locks the host.

Call Trace:
 qi_submit_sync
 qi_flush_dev_iotlb
 __context_flush_dev_iotlb.part.0
 domain_context_clear_one_cb
 pci_for_each_dma_alias
 device_block_translation
 blocking_domain_attach_dev
 __iommu_attach_device
 __iommu_device_set_domain
 __iommu_group_set_domain_internal
 iommu_detach_group
 vfio_iommu_type1_detach_group
 vfio_group_detach_container
 vfio_group_fops_release
 __fput

pci_dev_is_disconnected() only covers safe-removal paths;
pci_device_is_present() tests accessibility by reading
vendor/device IDs and internally calls pci_dev_is_disconnected().
On a ConnectX-5 (8 GT/s, x2) this costs ~70 µs.

Since __context_flush_dev_iotlb() is only called on
{attach,release}_dev paths (not hot), add pci_device_is_present()
there to skip inaccessible devices and avoid the hard-lock.

Fixes: 37764b952e ("iommu/vt-d: Global devTLB flush when present context entry changed")
Fixes: 81e921fd32 ("iommu/vt-d: Fix NULL domain on device release")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jinhui Guo <guojinhui.liam@bytedance.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251211035946.2071-2-guojinhui.liam@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2026-01-22 09:20:28 +01:00
Thomas Gleixner
d441e38a2c x86/irq_remapping: Sanitize posted_msi_supported()
posted_msi_supported() is a misnomer as it actually checks whether it is
enabled or not. Aside of that this does not take CONFIG_X86_POSTED_MSI into
account which is required to actually use it.

Rename it to posted_msi_enabled() and make the return value depend on
CONFIG_X86_POSTED_MSI, which allows the compiler to eliminate the related
dead code and data if disabled:

  text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
  10046	    701	   3296	  14043	   36db	drivers/iommu/intel/irq_remapping.o
   9904	    413	   3296	  13613	   352d	drivers/iommu/intel/irq_remapping.o

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251125214631.170499997@linutronix.de
2025-12-18 22:59:40 +01:00
Thomas Gleixner
0edc78b82b x86/msi: Make irq_retrigger() functional for posted MSI
Luigi reported that retriggering a posted MSI interrupt does not work
correctly.

The reason is that the retrigger happens at the vector domain by sending an
IPI to the actual vector on the target CPU. That works correctly exactly
once because the posted MSI interrupt chip does not issue an EOI as that's
only required for the posted MSI notification vector itself.

As a consequence the vector becomes stale in the ISR, which not only
affects this vector but also any lower priority vector in the affected
APIC because the ISR bit is not cleared.

Luigi proposed to set the vector in the remap PIR bitmap and raise the
posted MSI notification vector. That works, but that still does not cure a
related problem:

  If there is ever a stray interrupt on such a vector, then the related
  APIC ISR bit becomes stale due to the lack of EOI as described above.
  Unlikely to happen, but if it happens it's not debuggable at all.

So instead of playing games with the PIR, this can be actually solved
for both cases by:

 1) Keeping track of the posted interrupt vector handler state

 2) Implementing a posted MSI specific irq_ack() callback which checks that
    state. If the posted vector handler is inactive it issues an EOI,
    otherwise it delegates that to the posted handler.

This is correct versus affinity changes and concurrent events on the posted
vector as the actual handler invocation is serialized through the interrupt
descriptor lock.

Fixes: ed1e48ea43 ("iommu/vt-d: Enable posted mode for device MSIs")
Reported-by: Luigi Rizzo <lrizzo@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Luigi Rizzo <lrizzo@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251125214631.044440658@linutronix.de
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20251124104836.3685533-1-lrizzo@google.com
2025-12-17 18:41:52 +01:00
Linus Torvalds
208eed95fc soc: driver updates for 6.19
This is the first half of the driver changes:
 
  - A treewide interface change to the "syscore" operations for
    power management, as a preparation for future Tegra specific
    changes.
 
  - Reset controller updates with added drivers for LAN969x, eic770
    and RZ/G3S SoCs.
 
  - Protection of system controller registers on Renesas and Google SoCs,
    to prevent trivially triggering a system crash from e.g. debugfs
    access.
 
  - soc_device identification updates on Nvidia, Exynos and Mediatek
 
  - debugfs support in the ST STM32 firewall driver
 
  - Minor updates for SoC drivers on AMD/Xilinx, Renesas,  Allwinner, TI
 
  - Cleanups for memory controller support on Nvidia and Renesas
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Merge tag 'soc-drivers-6.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc

Pull SoC driver updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "This is the first half of the driver changes:

   - A treewide interface change to the "syscore" operations for power
     management, as a preparation for future Tegra specific changes

   - Reset controller updates with added drivers for LAN969x, eic770 and
     RZ/G3S SoCs

   - Protection of system controller registers on Renesas and Google
     SoCs, to prevent trivially triggering a system crash from e.g.
     debugfs access

   - soc_device identification updates on Nvidia, Exynos and Mediatek

   - debugfs support in the ST STM32 firewall driver

   - Minor updates for SoC drivers on AMD/Xilinx, Renesas, Allwinner, TI

   - Cleanups for memory controller support on Nvidia and Renesas"

* tag 'soc-drivers-6.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc: (114 commits)
  memory: tegra186-emc: Fix missing put_bpmp
  Documentation: reset: Remove reset_controller_add_lookup()
  reset: fix BIT macro reference
  reset: rzg2l-usbphy-ctrl: Fix a NULL vs IS_ERR() bug in probe
  reset: th1520: Support reset controllers in more subsystems
  reset: th1520: Prepare for supporting multiple controllers
  dt-bindings: reset: thead,th1520-reset: Add controllers for more subsys
  dt-bindings: reset: thead,th1520-reset: Remove non-VO-subsystem resets
  reset: remove legacy reset lookup code
  clk: davinci: psc: drop unused reset lookup
  reset: rzg2l-usbphy-ctrl: Add support for RZ/G3S SoC
  reset: rzg2l-usbphy-ctrl: Add support for USB PWRRDY
  dt-bindings: reset: renesas,rzg2l-usbphy-ctrl: Document RZ/G3S support
  reset: eswin: Add eic7700 reset driver
  dt-bindings: reset: eswin: Documentation for eic7700 SoC
  reset: sparx5: add LAN969x support
  dt-bindings: reset: microchip: Add LAN969x support
  soc: rockchip: grf: Add select correct PWM implementation on RK3368
  soc/tegra: pmc: Add USB wake events for Tegra234
  amba: tegra-ahb: Fix device leak on SMMU enable
  ...
2025-12-05 17:29:04 -08:00
Joerg Roedel
0d081b1694 Merge branches 'arm/smmu/updates', 'arm/smmu/bindings', 'mediatek', 'nvidia/tegra', 'intel/vt-d', 'amd/amd-vi' and 'core' into next 2025-11-28 08:44:21 +01:00
Jason Gunthorpe
1eb0ae6fbd iommupt/vtd: Support mgaw's less than a 4 level walk for first stage
If the IOVA is limited to less than 48 the page table will be constructed
with a 3 level configuration which is unsupported by hardware.

Like the second stage the caller needs to pass in both the top_level an
the vasz to specify a table that has more levels than required to hold the
IOVA range.

Fixes: 6cbc09b771 ("iommu/vt-d: Restore previous domain::aperture_end calculation")
Reported-by: Calvin Owens <calvin@wbinvd.org>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/8f257d2651eb8a4358fcbd47b0145002e5f1d638.1764237717.git.calvin@wbinvd.org
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Calvin Owens <calvin@wbinvd.org>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-11-28 08:43:55 +01:00
Jason Gunthorpe
d856f9d278 iommupt/vtd: Allow VT-d to have a larger table top than the vasz requires
VT-d second stage HW specifies both the maximum IOVA and the supported
table walk starting points. Weirdly there is HW that only supports a 4
level walk but has a maximum IOVA that only needs 3.

The current code miscalculates this and creates a wrongly sized page table
which ultimately fails the compatibility check for number of levels.

This is fixed by allowing the page table to be created with both a vasz
and top_level input. The vasz will set the aperture for the domain while
the top_level will set the page table geometry.

Add top_level to vtdss and correct the logic in VT-d to generate the right
top_level and vasz from mgaw and sagaw.

Fixes: d373449d8e ("iommu/vt-d: Use the generic iommu page table")
Reported-by: Calvin Owens <calvin@wbinvd.org>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/8f257d2651eb8a4358fcbd47b0145002e5f1d638.1764237717.git.calvin@wbinvd.org
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Calvin Owens <calvin@wbinvd.org>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-11-28 08:43:03 +01:00
Lu Baolu
6cbc09b771 iommu/vt-d: Restore previous domain::aperture_end calculation
Commit d373449d8e ("iommu/vt-d: Use the generic iommu page table")
changed the calculation of domain::aperture_end. Previously, it was
calculated as:

    domain->domain.geometry.aperture_end =
            __DOMAIN_MAX_ADDR(domain->gaw - 1);

where domain->gaw was limited to less than MGAW.

Currently, it is calculated purely based on the max level of the page
table that the hardware supports. This is incorrect as stated in Section
3.6 of the VT-d spec:

  "Software using first-stage translation structures to translate an IO
   Virtual Address (IOVA) must use canonical addresses. Additionally,
   software must limit addresses to less than the minimum of MGAW and the
   lower canonical address width implied by FSPM (i.e., 47-bit when FSPM
   is 4-level and 56-bit when FSPM is 5-level)."

Restore the previous calculation method for domain::aperture_end to avoid
violating the spec. Incorrect aperture calculation causes GPU hangs
without generating VT-d faults on some Intel client platforms.

Fixes: d373449d8e ("iommu/vt-d: Use the generic iommu page table")
Reported-by: Chaitanya Kumar Borah <chaitanya.kumar.borah@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/4f15cf3b-6fad-4cd8-87e5-6d86c0082673@intel.com
Suggested-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Suggested-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-11-20 11:35:15 +01:00
Aashish Sharma
6b38a108ee iommu/vt-d: Fix unused invalidation hint in qi_desc_iotlb
Invalidation hint (ih) in the function 'qi_desc_iotlb' is initialized
to zero and never used. It is embedded in the 0th bit of the 'addr'
parameter. Get the correct 'ih' value from there.

Fixes: f701c9f36b ("iommu/vt-d: Factor out invalidation descriptor composition")
Signed-off-by: Aashish Sharma <aashish@aashishsharma.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251009010903.1323979-1-aashish@aashishsharma.net
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-11-20 11:33:04 +01:00
Vineeth Pillai (Google)
cb3db5a39e iommu/vt-d: Set INTEL_IOMMU_FLOPPY_WA depend on BLK_DEV_FD
INTEL_IOMMU_FLOPPY_WA workaround was introduced to create direct mappings
for first 16MB for floppy devices as the floppy drivers were not using
dma apis. We need not do this direct map if floppy driver is not
enabled.

INTEL_IOMMU_FLOPPY_WA is generally not a good idea. Iommu will be
mapping pages in this address range while kernel would also be
allocating from this range(mostly on memory stress). A misbehaving
device using this domain will have access to the pages that the
kernel might be actively using. We noticed this while running a test
that was trying to figure out if any pages used by kernel is in iommu
page tables.

This patch reduces the scope of the above issue by disabling the
workaround when floppy driver is not enabled. But we would still need to
fix the floppy driver to use dma apis so that we need not do direct map
without reserving the pages. Or the other option is to reserve this
memory range in firmware so that kernel will not use the pages.

Fixes: d850c2ee5f ("iommu/vt-d: Expose ISA direct mapping region via iommu_get_resv_regions")
Fixes: 49a0429e53 ("Intel IOMMU: Iommu floppy workaround")
Signed-off-by: Vineeth Pillai (Google) <vineeth@bitbyteword.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251002161625.1155133-1-vineeth@bitbyteword.org
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-11-20 11:33:04 +01:00
Thierry Reding
a97fbc3ee3 syscore: Pass context data to callbacks
Several drivers can benefit from registering per-instance data along
with the syscore operations. To achieve this, move the modifiable fields
out of the syscore_ops structure and into a separate struct syscore that
can be registered with the framework. Add a void * driver data field for
drivers to store contextual data that will be passed to the syscore ops.

Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki (Intel) <rafael@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
2025-11-14 10:01:52 +01:00
Jason Gunthorpe
101a285411 iommu/vt-d: Follow PT_FEAT_DMA_INCOHERENT into the PASID entry
Currently a incoherent walk domain cannot be attached to a coherent
capable iommu. Kevin says HW probably doesn't exist with such a mixture,
but making the driver support it makes logical sense anyhow.

When building the PASID entry the PWSNP (Page Walk Snoop) bit tells the HW
if it should issue snoops. If the page table is cache flushed because of
PT_FEAT_DMA_INCOHERENT then it is fine to set this bit to 0 even if the HW
supports 1.

Weaken the compatible check to permit a coherent instance to accept an
incoherent table and fix the PASID table construction to set PWSNP from
PT_FEAT_DMA_INCOHERENT.

SVA always sets PWSNP.

Reviewed-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-11-05 09:50:20 +01:00
Jason Gunthorpe
d373449d8e iommu/vt-d: Use the generic iommu page table
Replace the VT-d iommu_domain implementation of the VT-d second stage and
first stage page tables with the iommupt VTDSS and x86_64
pagetables. x86_64 is shared with the AMD driver.

There are a couple notable things in VT-d:
- Like AMD the second stage format is not sign extended, unlike AMD it
  cannot decode a full 64 bits. The first stage format is a normal sign
  extended x86 page table
- The HW caps can indicate how many levels, how many address bits and what
  leaf page sizes are supported in HW. As before the highest number of
  levels that can translate the entire supported address width is used.
  The supported page sizes are adjusted directly from the dedicated
  first/second stage cap bits.
- VTD requires flushing 'write buffers'. This logic is left unchanged,
  the write buffer flushes on any gather flush or through iotlb_sync_map.
- Like ARM, VTD has an optional non-coherent page table walker that
  requires cache flushing. This is supported through PT_FEAT_DMA_INCOHERENT
  the same as ARM, however x86 can't use the DMA API for flush, it must
  call the arch function clflush_cache_range()
- The PT_FEAT_DYNAMIC_TOP can probably be supported on VT-d someday for the
  second stage when it uses 128 bit atomic stores for the HW context
  structures.
- PT_FEAT_VTDSS_FORCE_WRITEABLE is used to work around ERRATA_772415_SPR17
- A kernel command line parameter "sp_off" disables all page sizes except
  4k

Remove all the unused iommu_domain page table code. The debugfs paths have
their own independent page table walker that is left alone for now.

This corrects a race with the non-coherent walker that the ARM
implementations have fixed:

     CPU 0                               CPU 1
  pfn_to_dma_pte()                    pfn_to_dma_pte()
   pte = &parent[offset];
   if (!dma_pte_present(pte)) {
     try_cmpxchg64(&pte->val)
					pte = &parent[offset];
					.. dma_pte_present(pte) ..
				        [...]
					// iommu_map() completes
					// Device does DMA
     domain_flush_cache(pte)

The CPU 1 mapping operation shares a page table level with the CPU 0
mapping operation. CPU 0 installed a new page table level but has not
flushed it yet. CPU1 returns from iommu_map() and the device does DMA. The
non coherent walker fails to see the new table level installed by CPU 0
and fails the DMA with non-present.

The iommupt PT_FEAT_DMA_INCOHERENT implementation uses the ARM design of
storing a flag when CPU 0 completes the flush. If the flag is not set CPU
1 will also flush to ensure the HW can fully walk to the PTE being
installed.

Cc: Tina Zhang <tina.zhang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-11-05 09:50:19 +01:00
Nicolin Chen
fd714986e4 iommu: Pass in old domain to attach_dev callback functions
The IOMMU core attaches each device to a default domain on probe(). Then,
every new "attach" operation has a fundamental meaning of two-fold:
 - detach from its currently attached (old) domain
 - attach to a given new domain

Modern IOMMU drivers following this pattern usually want to clean up the
things related to the old domain, so they call iommu_get_domain_for_dev()
to fetch the old domain.

Pass in the old domain pointer from the core to drivers, aligning with the
set_dev_pasid op that does so already.

Ensure all low-level attach fcuntions in the core can forward the correct
old domain pointer. Thus, rework those functions as well.

Suggested-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Kevin Tian <kevin.tian@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Nicolin Chen <nicolinc@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-10-27 13:55:35 +01:00
Joerg Roedel
5f4b8c03f4 Merge branches 'apple/dart', 'ti/omap', 'riscv', 'intel/vt-d' and 'amd/amd-vi' into next 2025-09-26 10:03:33 +02:00
Lu Baolu
57f55048e5 iommu/vt-d: Disallow dirty tracking if incoherent page walk
Dirty page tracking relies on the IOMMU atomically updating the dirty bit
in the paging-structure entry. For this operation to succeed, the paging-
structure memory must be coherent between the IOMMU and the CPU. In
another word, if the iommu page walk is incoherent, dirty page tracking
doesn't work.

The Intel VT-d specification, Section 3.10 "Snoop Behavior" states:

"Remapping hardware encountering the need to atomically update A/EA/D bits
 in a paging-structure entry that is not snooped will result in a non-
 recoverable fault."

To prevent an IOMMU from being incorrectly configured for dirty page
tracking when it is operating in an incoherent mode, mark SSADS as
supported only when both ecap_slads and ecap_smpwc are supported.

Fixes: f35f22cc76 ("iommu/vt-d: Access/Dirty bit support for SS domains")
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250924083447.123224-1-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-09-26 10:02:26 +02:00
Lu Baolu
5bd5ab53e7 iommu/vt-d: debugfs: Avoid dumping context command register
The register-based cache invalidation interface is in the process of being
replaced by the queued invalidation interface. The VT-d architecture
allows hardware implementations with a queued invalidation interface to
not implement the registers used for cache invalidation. Currently, the
debugfs interface dumps the Context Command Register unconditionally,
which is not reasonable.

Remove it to avoid potential access to non-present registers.

Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250917025051.143853-1-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-09-19 09:43:21 +02:00
Lu Baolu
7d4e404102 iommu/vt-d: Removal of Advanced Fault Logging
The advanced fault logging has been removed from the specification since
v4.0. Linux doesn't implement advanced fault logging functionality, but
it currently dumps the advanced logging registers through debugfs. Remove
the dumping of these advanced fault logging registers through debugfs to
avoid potential access to non-present registers.

Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250917024850.143801-1-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-09-19 09:43:21 +02:00
Lu Baolu
5ef7e24c74 iommu/vt-d: PRS isn't usable if PDS isn't supported
The specification, Section 7.10, "Software Steps to Drain Page Requests &
Responses," requires software to submit an Invalidation Wait Descriptor
(inv_wait_dsc) with the Page-request Drain (PD=1) flag set, along with
the Invalidation Wait Completion Status Write flag (SW=1). It then waits
for the Invalidation Wait Descriptor's completion.

However, the PD field in the Invalidation Wait Descriptor is optional, as
stated in Section 6.5.2.9, "Invalidation Wait Descriptor":

"Page-request Drain (PD): Remapping hardware implementations reporting
 Page-request draining as not supported (PDS = 0 in ECAP_REG) treat this
 field as reserved."

This implies that if the IOMMU doesn't support the PDS capability, software
can't drain page requests and group responses as expected.

Do not enable PCI/PRI if the IOMMU doesn't support PDS.

Reported-by: Joel Granados <joel.granados@kernel.org>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250909-jag-pds-v1-1-ad8cba0e494e@kernel.org
Fixes: 66ac4db36f ("iommu/vt-d: Add page request draining support")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250915062946.120196-1-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-09-19 09:43:21 +02:00
Lu Baolu
4402e8f39d iommu/vt-d: Remove LPIG from page group response descriptor
Bit 66 in the page group response descriptor used to be the LPIG (Last
Page in Group), but it was marked as Reserved since Specification 4.0.
Remove programming on this bit to make it consistent with the latest
specification.

Existing hardware all treats bit 66 of the page group response descriptor
as "ignored", therefore this change doesn't break any existing hardware.

Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250901053943.1708490-1-baolu.lu@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-09-19 09:43:20 +02:00
Yury Norov (NVIDIA)
4c48101364 iommu/vt-d: Drop unused cap_super_offset()
The macro is unused. Drop the dead code.

Signed-off-by: Yury Norov (NVIDIA) <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250913015024.81186-1-yury.norov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com>
2025-09-19 09:43:20 +02:00