Linux kernel source tree
Go to file
Linus Torvalds e13caf1c26 Including fixes from Wireless, IPsec, Netfilter and Bluetooth.
Current release - new code bugs:
 
   - netfilter: flowtable: use correct direction to set up tunnel route
 
 Previous releases - regressions:
 
   - wifi:
     - mac80211:
       - free AP_VLAN bc_buf SKBs outside IRQ lock
       - defer link RX stats percpu free to RCU
       - fix double free on alloc failure
     - cfg80211: convert pmsr_free_wk to wiphy_work to fix deadlock
 
   - ipv4: free fib_alias with kfree_rcu() on insert error path
 
   - sched: act_tunnel_key: Defer dst_release to RCU callback
 
   - xfrm: fix sk_dst_cache double-free in xfrm_user_policy()
 
   - bluetooth: fix locking in unpair_device/disconnect_sync
 
   - can: add locking for raw flags bitfield
 
   - openvswitch: reject oversized nested action attrs
 
   - eth: bnxt_en: handle partially initialized auxiliary devices
 
   - eth: ppp: defer channel free to an RCU grace period to fix UAF
 
 Previous releases - always broken:
 
   -  netfilter: xt_nat: reject unsupported target families
 
   -  wifi:
      - brcmfmac: fix heap overflow on a short auth frame
      - cfg80211: add missing FTM API validation
 
   - xfrm:
     - reject optional IPTFS templates in outbound policies
     - policy: preallocate inexact bins before xfrm_hash_rebuild reinsert
 
   - bluetooth: revalidate LOAD_CONN_PARAM queued update
 
   - can: fix lockless bound/ifindex race and silent RX_SETUP failure
 
   - eth: mlx5: free mlx5_st_idx_data on final dealloc
 
 Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
 -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
 
 iQJGBAABCgAwFiEEg1AjqC77wbdLX2LbKSR5jcyPE6QFAmpaK6YSHHBhYmVuaUBy
 ZWRoYXQuY29tAAoJECkkeY3MjxOks1UQAIHudLSXUxTTf+MktIkdEHkJFAaokN6s
 haDwhoi5rxQqigZ883Y6V4AShPnV2HawMaNhGa9biqJ9N4QP9ahPsQbT5mrBNrGx
 Vse9y73L69/6pT2wbpBHKmmiGRR/0BxGICFHPUlmX2Zdzc+nwlArt+5Zlhmzbg/q
 +eSuRylnGv8Y82oQOSxMjf5WZyAsW55tLYLBRpOUeNY6GTWpkecPqCUTCAj3Sn6t
 IQHkFbNVDM6i0oFr117J94a/Q5pSrO17W+GxwS0b5t9Ly1txJYAtfiSGjXToS7aJ
 TXnsGbqUZ1bqc87Z5ZBucw9LGpnyZ6ui8Z0+oAS24RxFf6eJUTo8+ULbGBBYCyIH
 Xk5wQbAz1bms37s01VRsGyUyC1VCiYjSpUT5AZf3vWJfhFNBpVQTMj0IVQsoktZO
 ryxypbYgRUB7DQe9GXyheSoEuLkH5XECQ5GyQ4t6gcMtJrBu6XtPU/EUlf6GLT2s
 kW3VKn4Oc2t3hpEDxs2y2pE93QezdTFQU5ecs2hWSUMn00DMLoj100uODCBwIu/L
 9f50TWA+koAMKyTNu36Zd0QdsrMLRzux+lSScBgIb1WxXWq9aXemV/vZNnmjdtlJ
 CIWFM9AIxhXkL9t9l/8o9tBEaKb0WBQJY4TiCRxs3AwKzKK59ZB+PJ4DZt47YUyC
 i56jtKMYTAT4
 =KH/H
 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

Merge tag 'net-7.2-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net

Pull networking fixes from Paolo Abeni:
 "Including fixes from Wireless, IPsec, Netfilter and Bluetooth.

  Current release - new code bugs:

    - netfilter: flowtable: use correct direction to set up tunnel route

  Previous releases - regressions:

    - wifi:
       - mac80211:
          - free AP_VLAN bc_buf SKBs outside IRQ lock
          - defer link RX stats percpu free to RCU
          - fix double free on alloc failure
       - cfg80211: convert pmsr_free_wk to wiphy_work to fix deadlock

    - ipv4: free fib_alias with kfree_rcu() on insert error path

    - sched: act_tunnel_key: Defer dst_release to RCU callback

    - xfrm: fix sk_dst_cache double-free in xfrm_user_policy()

    - bluetooth: fix locking in unpair_device/disconnect_sync

    - can: add locking for raw flags bitfield

    - openvswitch: reject oversized nested action attrs

    - eth:
       - bnxt_en: handle partially initialized auxiliary devices
       - ppp: defer channel free to an RCU grace period to fix UAF

  Previous releases - always broken:

    -  netfilter: xt_nat: reject unsupported target families

    -  wifi:
        - brcmfmac: fix heap overflow on a short auth frame
        - cfg80211: add missing FTM API validation

    - xfrm:
       - reject optional IPTFS templates in outbound policies
       - policy: preallocate inexact bins before xfrm_hash_rebuild reinsert

    - bluetooth: revalidate LOAD_CONN_PARAM queued update

    - can: fix lockless bound/ifindex race and silent RX_SETUP failure

    - eth: mlx5: free mlx5_st_idx_data on final dealloc"

* tag 'net-7.2-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net: (108 commits)
  mpls: fix NULL deref in mpls_valid_fib_dump_req() on CONFIG_INET=n
  llc: fix SAP refcount leak when creating incoming sockets
  selftests: netconsole: only restore MAC when it changed on resume
  bnxt_en: Handle partially initialized auxiliary devices
  sctp: fix auth_hmacs array size in struct sctp_cookie
  net/sched: act_tunnel_key: Defer dst_release to RCU callback
  dpll: fix NULL pointer dereference in dpll_msg_add_pin_ref_sync()
  tcp: fix TIME_WAIT socket reference leak on PSP policy failure
  net/mlx5: free mlx5_st_idx_data on final dealloc
  can: isotp: serialize TX state transitions under so->rx_lock
  can: isotp: fix use-after-free race with concurrent NETDEV_UNREGISTER
  can: isotp: use unconditional synchronize_rcu() in isotp_release()
  can: bcm: track a single source interface for ANYDEV timeout/throttle ops
  can: bcm: fix data race on rx_stamp/rx_ifindex in bcm_rx_handler()
  can: bcm: fix stale rx/tx ops after device removal
  can: bcm: add missing device refcount for CAN filter removal
  can: bcm: validate frame length in bcm_rx_setup() for RTR replies
  can: bcm: extend bcm_tx_lock usage for data and timer updates
  can: bcm: add missing rcu list annotations and operations
  can: bcm: fix CAN frame rx/tx statistics
  ...
2026-07-17 10:25:13 -07:00
arch SoC fixes for 7.2 2026-07-17 08:52:09 -07:00
block block: remove redundant GD_NEED_PART_SCAN in add_disk_final() 2026-07-10 09:08:50 -06:00
certs treewide: fix indentation and whitespace in Kconfig files 2026-05-28 21:24:42 -07:00
crypto mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
Documentation MMC core: 2026-07-17 09:27:02 -07:00
drivers Including fixes from Wireless, IPsec, Netfilter and Bluetooth. 2026-07-17 10:25:13 -07:00
fs ten client fixes 2026-07-16 16:46:26 -07:00
include Including fixes from Wireless, IPsec, Netfilter and Bluetooth. 2026-07-17 10:25:13 -07:00
init mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
io_uring io_uring-7.2-20260710 2026-07-11 09:24:38 -07:00
ipc kernel-7.2-rc1.misc 2026-06-15 03:05:50 +05:30
kernel cgroup: Fixes for v7.2-rc3 2026-07-13 16:14:06 -07:00
lib linux_kselftest-kunit-fixes-7.2-rc4 2026-07-15 16:48:02 -07:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Add modern form of the LGPL-2.1 tags to the usage guide section 2025-10-22 07:58:19 +02:00
mm mm: do file ownership checks with the proper mount idmap 2026-07-01 19:02:56 -07:00
net Including fixes from Wireless, IPsec, Netfilter and Bluetooth. 2026-07-17 10:25:13 -07:00
rust Rust changes for v7.2 (addendum) 2026-06-24 15:11:08 -07:00
samples tracing fixes for 7.2: 2026-07-12 09:46:37 -07:00
scripts scripts/sorttable: Handle RISC-V patchable ftrace entries 2026-06-25 13:15:03 -06:00
security Landlock fix for v7.2-rc4 2026-07-16 13:22:17 -07:00
sound ALSA: usb-audio: Add delay quirk for iBasso DC-Elite 2026-07-13 17:06:20 +02:00
tools Including fixes from Wireless, IPsec, Netfilter and Bluetooth. 2026-07-17 10:25:13 -07:00
usr kbuild: uapi: also test UAPI headers against C++ compilers 2026-03-25 13:24:42 +01:00
virt KVM/arm64 fixes for 7.2, take #2 2026-07-15 12:13:30 +02:00
.clang-format clang-format: fix formatting of guard() and scoped_guard() statements 2026-05-28 21:24:41 -07:00
.clippy.toml rust: bump Clippy's MSRV and clean incompatible_msrv allows 2026-04-07 09:51:39 +02:00
.cocciconfig
.editorconfig editorconfig: add rst extension 2026-01-26 19:07:09 -08:00
.get_maintainer.ignore .get_maintainer.ignore: add myself 2026-04-02 16:48:25 +02:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: set diff driver for Rust source code files 2023-05-31 17:48:25 +02:00
.gitignore SPDX patches for 7.2-rc1 2026-06-22 12:06:22 -07:00
.mailmap Including fixes from Wireless, IPsec, Netfilter and Bluetooth. 2026-07-17 10:25:13 -07:00
.pylintrc docs: Move the python libraries to tools/lib/python 2025-11-18 09:22:40 -07:00
.rustfmt.toml rust: add .rustfmt.toml 2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS mm.git review status for mm-hotfixes-stable..mm-nonmm-stable 2026-06-21 13:20:19 -07:00
Kbuild checksyscalls: move instance functionality into generic code 2026-04-05 09:21:32 +02:00
Kconfig io_uring: Rename KConfig to Kconfig 2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
MAINTAINERS SoC fixes for 7.2 2026-07-17 08:52:09 -07:00
Makefile Linux 7.2-rc3 2026-07-12 14:16:39 -07:00
README docs: add AI Coding Assistants documentation 2026-01-06 14:55:06 -07:00

Linux kernel
============

The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. It manages hardware,
system resources, and provides the fundamental services for all other software.

Quick Start
-----------

* Report a bug: See Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst
* Get the latest kernel: https://kernel.org
* Build the kernel: See Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst
* Join the community: https://lore.kernel.org/

Essential Documentation
-----------------------

All users should be familiar with:

* Building requirements: Documentation/process/changes.rst
* Code of Conduct: Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst
* License: See COPYING

Documentation can be built with make htmldocs or viewed online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/


Who Are You?
============

Find your role below:

* New Kernel Developer - Getting started with kernel development
* Academic Researcher - Studying kernel internals and architecture
* Security Expert - Hardening and vulnerability analysis
* Backport/Maintenance Engineer - Maintaining stable kernels
* System Administrator - Configuring and troubleshooting
* Maintainer - Leading subsystems and reviewing patches
* Hardware Vendor - Writing drivers for new hardware
* Distribution Maintainer - Packaging kernels for distros
* AI Coding Assistant - LLMs and AI-powered development tools


For Specific Users
==================

New Kernel Developer
--------------------

Welcome! Start your kernel development journey here:

* Getting Started: Documentation/process/development-process.rst
* Your First Patch: Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst
* Coding Style: Documentation/process/coding-style.rst
* Build System: Documentation/kbuild/index.rst
* Development Tools: Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst
* Kernel Hacking Guide: Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst
* Core APIs: Documentation/core-api/index.rst

Academic Researcher
-------------------

Explore the kernel's architecture and internals:

* Researcher Guidelines: Documentation/process/researcher-guidelines.rst
* Memory Management: Documentation/mm/index.rst
* Scheduler: Documentation/scheduler/index.rst
* Networking Stack: Documentation/networking/index.rst
* Filesystems: Documentation/filesystems/index.rst
* RCU (Read-Copy Update): Documentation/RCU/index.rst
* Locking Primitives: Documentation/locking/index.rst
* Power Management: Documentation/power/index.rst

Security Expert
---------------

Security documentation and hardening guides:

* Security Documentation: Documentation/security/index.rst
* LSM Development: Documentation/security/lsm-development.rst
* Self Protection: Documentation/security/self-protection.rst
* Reporting Vulnerabilities: Documentation/process/security-bugs.rst
* CVE Procedures: Documentation/process/cve.rst
* Embargoed Hardware Issues: Documentation/process/embargoed-hardware-issues.rst
* Security Features: Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst

Backport/Maintenance Engineer
-----------------------------

Maintain and stabilize kernel versions:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* Backporting Guide: Documentation/process/backporting.rst
* Applying Patches: Documentation/process/applying-patches.rst
* Subsystem Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git for Maintainers: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

System Administrator
--------------------

Configure, tune, and troubleshoot Linux systems:

* Admin Guide: Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Sysctl Tuning: Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/index.rst
* Tracing/Debugging: Documentation/trace/index.rst
* Performance Security: Documentation/admin-guide/perf-security.rst
* Hardware Monitoring: Documentation/hwmon/index.rst

Maintainer
----------

Lead kernel subsystems and manage contributions:

* Maintainer Handbook: Documentation/maintainer/index.rst
* Pull Requests: Documentation/maintainer/pull-requests.rst
* Managing Patches: Documentation/maintainer/modifying-patches.rst
* Rebasing and Merging: Documentation/maintainer/rebasing-and-merging.rst
* Development Process: Documentation/process/maintainer-handbooks.rst
* Maintainer Entry Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git Configuration: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

Hardware Vendor
---------------

Write drivers and support new hardware:

* Driver API Guide: Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
* Driver Model: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/driver.rst
* Device Drivers: Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst
* Bus Types: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/bus.rst
* Device Tree Bindings: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/
* Power Management: Documentation/driver-api/pm/index.rst
* DMA API: Documentation/core-api/dma-api.rst

Distribution Maintainer
-----------------------

Package and distribute the kernel:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* ABI Documentation: Documentation/ABI/README
* Kernel Configuration: Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.rst
* Module Signing: Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Tainted Kernels: Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst

AI Coding Assistant
-------------------

CRITICAL: If you are an LLM or AI-powered coding assistant, you MUST read and
follow the AI coding assistants documentation before contributing to the Linux
kernel:

* Documentation/process/coding-assistants.rst

This documentation contains essential requirements about licensing, attribution,
and the Developer Certificate of Origin that all AI tools must comply with.


Communication and Support
=========================

* Mailing Lists: https://lore.kernel.org/
* IRC: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net
* Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/
* MAINTAINERS file: Lists subsystem maintainers and mailing lists
* Email Clients: Documentation/process/email-clients.rst