linux/kernel/fork.c
Linus Torvalds f99005fbed vfs-7.3-rc7.fixes
Please consider pulling these changes from the signed vfs-7.3-rc7.fixes tag.
 
 Thanks!
 Christian
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Merge tag 'vfs-7.3-rc7.fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs

Pull vfs fixes from Christian Brauner:
 "This contains fixes for the current development cycle.

  All of them came out of a review of the mount code that started with a
  bug report. The review modeled the corner cases of mount propagation,
  unmounting and mount reference counting and turned up a lot of bugs.
  Most of them years old. Most fixes come with a selftest.

   - Rework connected mounts.

     A mount that is unmounted together with its parent can stay
     attached to the parent to keep its mountpoint covered. That happens
     when the mountpoint is removed with rmdir(), unlink() or rename(),
     when a detached tree is dissolved, and for locked mounts in any
     umount that isn't synchronous, including the teardown of their
     mount namespace. The parent then owns the child and drops it on its
     own final mntput(). So any reference from the child's superblock
     back to one of its ancestors becomes a cycle that is never freed.

     A loop device backed by an image on a tmpfs and mounted on that
     same tmpfs is enough. Remove the directory the tmpfs is mounted on
     from the host, let the container's mount namespace exit, and the
     loop device, the tmpfs and the filesystem on the loop device are
     leaked for good. The same works with autofs, zram, ecryptfs,
     binfmt_misc, fuse passthrough, zloop, a mass storage gadget and md,
     and the selftests have reproducers for them. This has been possible
     since v4.1. It is also why "put_mnt_ns(): leave mounts connected"
     was reverted in -rc5. Keeping every mount of a dying mount
     namespace connected made these cycles trivial to create.

     Every unmounted mount is now detached from its parent. Where the
     mountpoint has to stay covered the mount leaves a cover on the
     parent instead, allocated together with the mount. A lookup on the
     unmounted parent that hits a cover finds an empty immutable
     directory or file on the private nullfs instance. Nothing leads
     from a cover to another mount, so no unmounted mount owns another
     one and no cycle can form.

     This is visible to userspace. A formerly connected mount can no
     longer be reached through its unmounted parent and ".." inside it
     leads nowhere, as for every other lazily unmounted mount.

     With that the private nullfs instance becomes reachable from
     userspace, so it now refuses mounts on top, is mounted read-only,
     and refuses fsnotify marks and file locks. Its inodes are shared by
     every holder and a watch or a lock would otherwise reach across
     users. may_decode_fh() now also decides its subtree check under a
     single mount_lock hold, as a racing umount could otherwise let it
     decode into what a locked child covered.

   - umount:

     * Don't silently unmount busy mounts.

       Since v4.13 propagate_umount() takes down propagated copies of
       the victim with children as long as each child is an overmount or
       another copy of the victim, but propagate_mount_busy() only ever
       checked copies without children or with just an overmount. A
       container that moved a tree beneath its copy of a host mount lost
       that tree from under its open file descriptor to a plain umount()
       on the host. propagate_mount_busy() now applies the same rules,
       walking each chain of copies once.

     * Don't let a migrating task hide its reference from umount().

       mnt_get_count() sums the per-cpu counters under mount_lock but
       the mntget() and mntput() fast paths don't take it. A task that
       takes a reference on a cpu the sum has already passed and drops
       it after migrating to one the sum hasn't reached yet hides the
       reference it held to begin with, and umount() succeeds with the
       file still open. Gets and puts now live in separate per-cpu
       counters and all puts are summed before all gets with a full
       barrier in between, the way srcu_readers_active_idx_check() does
       it. mntget() is unchanged and mntput() gains an smp_wmb().

     * Check each submount for references right before unmounting it.

       shrink_submounts() and mark_mounts_for_expiry() checked all their
       victims up front. Unmounting the first could move a busy
       overmount to where the next victim's propagated copy is looked up
       and it was then unmounted without a check.

     * Never expire a locked mount.

       A shrinkable mount moved beneath a locked mount with
       MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH takes over the lock, and umount() of an
       unlocked ancestor expired it and revealed what it covered. That
       umount() now fails with EBUSY as it does for any other locked
       child. A lazy umount still takes the whole tree.

   - Overmounts and locked mounts:

     * Unhash a dentry before detaching the mounts on it.

       unlink(), rmdir() and rename() detach the mounts on the victim
       but only d_delete() it once its inode is unlocked, a window that
       includes an expedited RCU grace period. In between, a lookup from
       a mount namespace in which the dentry is a mountpoint found it
       hashed, positive and uncovered. Drop the dentry first, as
       d_invalidate() already does.

     * Don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk.

       A refwalk that had grabbed the dentry before the unlink never
       rechecked it the way rcuwalk does with d_seq and mount_lock.
       Without any artificial widening three walkers read the covered
       file 27 times in a minute. step_into() now fails an unhashed
       dentry marked DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT with -ESTALE and the walk is
       retried.

     * Keep covered mounts covered in OPEN_TREE_NAMESPACE.

       Creating such a mount namespace only takes a user namespace and
       the copy followed bind mount rules: no children without
       AT_RECURSIVE and no unbindable mounts with it. An unprivileged
       user could see what mounts covered in the source, such as the
       parts of /proc and /sys that container runtimes mask. If the
       caller doesn't own the source mount namespace a non-recursive
       copy of a mount with something mounted below the requested
       directory is now refused and a recursive copy includes unbindable
       mounts, the way unshare() copies.

     * Keep the lock on a mount that a propagated copy is moved beneath.

       MNT_LOCKED moved to any mount that ended up beneath a locked
       mount, propagated copies included. A host mount and umount on a
       directory covered by a locked mount in a less privileged mount
       namespace left that cover unlocked for the namespace's owner to
       remove. Only mounts the caller places beneath take over the lock
       now.

     * Handle mount locking for automounts correctly. Which copies to
       lock was decided by the mount namespace of the task that
       triggered the automount. A task in a user namespace that
       triggered one on a host mount through a file descriptor got the
       host's own automount locked while its own copy stayed unlocked
       and could have nosuid, nodev and noexec cleared. Use the owner of
       the mount namespace the mount lands in.

   - Use-after-free and crashes:

     * Refuse an automount below a mount that is in no namespace.

       The private clones overlayfs uses for its layers have the
       MNT_NS_INTERNAL error pointer as their namespace, which
       finish_automount() let through and count_mounts() dereferenced. A
       fanotify filesystem mark on an overlayfs lower layer hands out
       file descriptors on such a clone. With debugfs as the lower layer
       opening "tracing" oopses with namespace_sem held for writing and
       every mount operation on the system blocks from then on.

     * Reset the old parent's ->overmount in mnt_change_mountpoint().
       When propagate_umount() moved an overmount off a mount that a
       file descriptor kept alive, MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH through that
       descriptor later followed the stale pointer into the freed
       overmount.

     * statmount() with STATMOUNT_BY_FD and pivot_root() read the parent
       of a mount that may be unmounted and only held by a file
       descriptor, while the parent's final mntput() can free it.
       statmount() now reads it under mount_lock and pivot_root() first
       checks that both mounts are in the caller's mount namespace.

     * Queue a mount only once for mount notifications. A mount
       reparented by one umount_tree() and taken down by the next under
       the same namespace_sem hold, as in shrink_submounts(), was queued
       twice. That cut the mounts queued in between out of notify_list
       while it still pointed at them, and once they were freed every
       later mount operation walked freed memory.

     * Don't let a pseudo dentry become the root of a mount. A bind
       mount of a bpf token file did that with a DCACHE_NORCU dentry,
       which is freed without an RCU grace period while lockless path
       walks may still look at it. Refuse to clone such a mount.

     * Don't inherit MNT_UMOUNT in clone_mnt(). A bind mount of a lazily
       unmounted nsfs or pidfs mount through its file descriptor started
       out flagged as unmounted. Among other things __detach_mounts()
       then dropped the namespace's reference on it, the mount outlived
       its namespace and mount_setattr() through the descriptor read the
       freed namespace. A recursive bind mount of such a mount also
       copied the unmounted stack still attached to it. That now fails
       with EINVAL, copying the mount itself still works.

     * Remove the fsnotify marks of a mount namespace in free_mnt_ns()
       instead of the RCU callback that frees the namespace, where
       taking the group mutexes meant sleeping in softirq context.

   - Propagation and copies:

     * Keep a copied mount unbindable. Since v6.17 clone_mnt() didn't
       copy the unbindable flag, so every mount namespace created with
       CLONE_NEWNS had bindable copies of all unbindable mounts. This
       had been fixed once before.

     * Refuse MOVE_MOUNT_SET_GROUP on an unbindable mount. It made the
       mount an unbindable slave, a state nothing else can produce, or
       silently dropped the unbindable flag. CRIU applies MS_UNBINDABLE
       after restoring sharing and isn't affected.

     * Check a recursive bind mount for mount namespace loops.

       Recursively bind mounting a tree from another mount namespace
       could put a mount of a namespace's file inside that same
       namespace, which then pins itself and all its mounts. Repeating
       it leaks without limit, the reproducer took Shmem from 380 kB to
       65916 kB. The copy is now checked with check_for_nsfs_mounts()
       before it is grafted, as move_mount() does.

     * Look at the topmost mount for a mount namespace file.

       attach_recursive_mnt() never looked at the topmost mount of the
       source's chain of overmounts. If that was the chain's only mount
       namespace file an existing mount at a propagated destination got
       buried below the root of the nsfs file where no path walk reaches
       it.

     * Don't put a mountpoint on a dentry that's being removed.

       attach_recursive_mnt() makes a mountpoint of the source's root
       without its inode lock, so a racing rmdir() of that directory
       could leave a mount on it that nothing ever detaches.
       d_set_mounted() now checks cant_mount() as well.

   - nullfs:

     * Take no inode lock for readdir of an immutable directory.

       The root of every empty mount namespace is the same nullfs
       directory and iterate_dir() held its i_rwsem across
       ->iterate_shared(). A reader whose buffer faults on a FUSE mount
       of its own holds it for as long as its server wants, and with an
       exclusive locker queued behind it every lookup that misses the
       dcache, every create and every mount in that directory waits. One
       user of an empty mount namespace stalls all others. Directories
       with the new FOP_IMMUTABLE flag skip the lock.

     * Refuse to reconfigure internal superblocks through fspick(),
       MS_REMOUNT or the read-only remount that a synchronous umount()
       of the root does. For nullfs only root in the initial user
       namespace could do it, but the superblock is shared by every
       mount namespace and the flags showed up in statfs() for all of
       them.

     * Don't update the access time on nullfs and refuse F_SET_RW_HINT
       on an immutable inode.

   - unshare: Free an nsproxy that was never installed with
     nsproxy_free() when set_cred_ucounts() fails. put_nsproxy() dropped
     active references that were never taken, which triggered a warning
     and hid the caller's own namespaces from listns().

   - Smaller changes: mount_setattr() checks the target before it walks
     the tree to allocate peer group ids, unshare() puts the old
     fs_struct before the old namespaces, dissolve_on_fput() drops the
     file's reference to the tree itself, disconnect_mount() is
     simplified and the documentation of the propagated unmount rule is
     brought up to date"

* tag 'vfs-7.3-rc7.fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (58 commits)
  namespace: simplify disconnect_mount()
  selftests/filesystems: test covered mounts
  namespace: rework connected mounts
  nullfs: add an empty immutable regular file
  selftests/filesystems: check that reading the root of an empty mount namespace stalls nobody
  selftests/filesystems: add a helper that holds a readdir in a page fault
  readdir: take no inode lock on an immutable directory
  nullfs: refuse file locks
  fsnotify: let a filesystem refuse marks on its objects
  namespace: nothing is mounted on or written through knullfs
  namespace: keep the private nullfs instance in knullfs
  fhandle: decide the subtree check under mount_lock
  selftests/filesystems: check that an automount below an overlay layer is refused
  selftests/filesystems: check the atime of the empty mount namespace root
  selftests/filesystems: check that a lock lands on the right mount and stays
  namespace: keep the lock on a mount that a propagated copy is moved beneath
  namespace: never expire a locked mount
  nullfs: don't update the access time
  namespace: handle mount locking for automounts correctly
  namespace: refuse an automount below a mount that is in no namespace
  ...
2026-10-09 23:37:44 +02:00

3432 lines
84 KiB
C

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* linux/kernel/fork.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
*/
/*
* 'fork.c' contains the help-routines for the 'fork' system call
* (see also entry.S and others).
* Fork is rather simple, once you get the hang of it, but the memory
* management can be a bitch. See 'mm/memory.c': 'copy_page_range()'
*/
#include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sched/autogroup.h>
#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched/user.h>
#include <linux/sched/numa_balancing.h>
#include <linux/sched/stat.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
#include <linux/sched/ext.h>
#include <linux/sched/exec_state.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/rtmutex.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/unistd.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/personality.h>
#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
#include <linux/sem.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/fdtable.h>
#include <linux/iocontext.h>
#include <linux/key.h>
#include <linux/kmsan.h>
#include <linux/binfmts.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
#include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/mm_inline.h>
#include <linux/memblock.h>
#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
#include <linux/ns/ns_common_types.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/cgroup.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
#include <linux/seccomp.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/syscall_user_dispatch.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/futex.h>
#include <linux/compat.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/audit.h>
#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/profile.h>
#include <linux/rmap.h>
#include <linux/ksm.h>
#include <linux/acct.h>
#include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
#include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
#include <linux/cn_proc.h>
#include <linux/freezer.h>
#include <linux/delayacct.h>
#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/fs_struct.h>
#include <linux/magic.h>
#include <linux/perf_event.h>
#include <linux/posix-timers.h>
#include <linux/user-return-notifier.h>
#include <linux/oom.h>
#include <linux/khugepaged.h>
#include <linux/signalfd.h>
#include <linux/uprobes.h>
#include <linux/aio.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <linux/kcov.h>
#include <linux/livepatch.h>
#include <linux/thread_info.h>
#include <linux/kstack_erase.h>
#include <linux/kasan.h>
#include <linux/randomize_kstack.h>
#include <linux/scs.h>
#include <linux/io_uring.h>
#include <linux/io_uring_types.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
#include <linux/stackprotector.h>
#include <linux/user_events.h>
#include <linux/iommu.h>
#include <linux/rseq.h>
#include <uapi/linux/pidfd.h>
#include <linux/pidfs.h>
#include <linux/tick.h>
#include <linux/unwind_deferred.h>
#include <linux/pgalloc.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
/* For dup_mmap(). */
#include "../mm/internal.h"
#include <trace/events/sched.h>
#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
#include <trace/events/task.h>
#include <kunit/visibility.h>
/*
* Minimum number of threads to boot the kernel
*/
#define MIN_THREADS 20
/*
* Maximum number of threads
*/
#define MAX_THREADS FUTEX_TID_MASK
/*
* Protected counters by write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock)
*/
unsigned long total_forks; /* Handle normal Linux uptimes. */
int nr_threads; /* The idle threads do not count.. */
static int max_threads __read_mostly; /* tunable limit on nr_threads */
#define NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(x) [x] = __stringify(x)
static const char * const resident_page_types[] = {
NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(MM_FILEPAGES),
NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(MM_ANONPAGES),
NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(MM_SWAPENTS),
NAMED_ARRAY_INDEX(MM_SHMEMPAGES),
};
DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, process_counts) = 0;
__cacheline_aligned DEFINE_RWLOCK(tasklist_lock); /* outer */
#ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU
int lockdep_tasklist_lock_is_held(void)
{
return lockdep_is_held(&tasklist_lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(lockdep_tasklist_lock_is_held);
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU */
int nr_processes(void)
{
int cpu;
int total = 0;
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
total += per_cpu(process_counts, cpu);
return total;
}
void __weak arch_release_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
}
static struct kmem_cache *task_struct_cachep;
static inline struct task_struct *alloc_task_struct_node(int node)
{
return kmem_cache_alloc_node(task_struct_cachep, GFP_KERNEL, node);
}
static inline void free_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
kmem_cache_free(task_struct_cachep, tsk);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
/*
* vmalloc() is a bit slow, and calling vfree() enough times will force a TLB
* flush. Try to minimize the number of calls by caching stacks.
*/
#define NR_CACHED_STACKS 2
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vm_struct *, cached_stacks[NR_CACHED_STACKS]);
/*
* Allocated stacks are cached and later reused by new threads, so memcg
* accounting is performed by the code assigning/releasing stacks to tasks.
* We need a zeroed memory without __GFP_ACCOUNT.
*/
#define GFP_VMAP_STACK (GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO | __GFP_SKIP_KASAN)
struct vm_stack {
struct rcu_head rcu;
struct vm_struct *stack_vm_area;
};
static struct vm_struct *alloc_thread_stack_node_from_cache(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
{
struct vm_struct *vm_area;
unsigned int i;
/*
* If the node has memory, we are guaranteed the stacks are backed by local pages.
* Otherwise the pages are arbitrary.
*
* Note that depending on cpuset it is possible we will get migrated to a different
* node immediately after allocating here, so this does *not* guarantee locality for
* arbitrary callers.
*/
scoped_guard(preempt) {
if (node != NUMA_NO_NODE && numa_node_id() != node)
return NULL;
for (i = 0; i < NR_CACHED_STACKS; i++) {
vm_area = this_cpu_xchg(cached_stacks[i], NULL);
if (vm_area)
return vm_area;
}
}
return NULL;
}
static bool try_release_thread_stack_to_cache(struct vm_struct *vm_area)
{
unsigned int i;
int nid;
/*
* Don't cache stacks if any of the pages don't match the local domain, unless
* there is no local memory to begin with.
*
* Note that lack of local memory does not automatically mean it makes no difference
* performance-wise which other domain backs the stack. In this case we are merely
* trying to avoid constantly going to vmalloc.
*/
scoped_guard(preempt) {
nid = numa_node_id();
if (node_state(nid, N_MEMORY)) {
for (i = 0; i < vm_area->nr_pages; i++) {
struct page *page = vm_area->pages[i];
if (page_to_nid(page) != nid)
return false;
}
}
for (i = 0; i < NR_CACHED_STACKS; i++) {
struct vm_struct *tmp = NULL;
if (this_cpu_try_cmpxchg(cached_stacks[i], &tmp, vm_area))
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
static void thread_stack_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *rh)
{
struct vm_stack *vm_stack = container_of(rh, struct vm_stack, rcu);
struct vm_struct *vm_area = vm_stack->stack_vm_area;
if (try_release_thread_stack_to_cache(vm_stack->stack_vm_area))
return;
vfree(vm_area->addr);
}
static void thread_stack_delayed_free(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct vm_stack *vm_stack = tsk->stack;
vm_stack->stack_vm_area = tsk->stack_vm_area;
call_rcu(&vm_stack->rcu, thread_stack_free_rcu);
}
static int free_vm_stack_cache(unsigned int cpu)
{
struct vm_struct **cached_vm_stack_areas = per_cpu_ptr(cached_stacks, cpu);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < NR_CACHED_STACKS; i++) {
struct vm_struct *vm_area = cached_vm_stack_areas[i];
if (!vm_area)
continue;
vfree(vm_area->addr);
cached_vm_stack_areas[i] = NULL;
}
return 0;
}
static int memcg_charge_kernel_stack(struct vm_struct *vm_area)
{
int i;
int ret;
int nr_charged = 0;
BUG_ON(vm_area->nr_pages != THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
for (i = 0; i < THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE; i++) {
ret = memcg_kmem_charge_page(vm_area->pages[i], GFP_KERNEL, 0);
if (ret)
goto err;
nr_charged++;
}
return 0;
err:
for (i = 0; i < nr_charged; i++)
memcg_kmem_uncharge_page(vm_area->pages[i], 0);
return ret;
}
static int alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
{
struct vm_struct *vm_area;
void *stack;
vm_area = alloc_thread_stack_node_from_cache(tsk, node);
if (vm_area) {
if (memcg_charge_kernel_stack(vm_area)) {
vfree(vm_area->addr);
return -ENOMEM;
}
/* Reset stack metadata. */
if (!kasan_hw_tags_enabled())
kasan_unpoison_range(vm_area->addr, THREAD_SIZE);
stack = kasan_reset_tag(vm_area->addr);
/* Clear stale pointers from reused stack. */
clear_pages(vm_area->addr, vm_area->nr_pages);
tsk->stack_vm_area = vm_area;
tsk->stack = stack;
return 0;
}
stack = __vmalloc_node(THREAD_SIZE, THREAD_ALIGN,
GFP_VMAP_STACK,
node, __builtin_return_address(0));
if (!stack)
return -ENOMEM;
vm_area = find_vm_area(stack);
if (memcg_charge_kernel_stack(vm_area)) {
vfree(stack);
return -ENOMEM;
}
/*
* We can't call find_vm_area() in interrupt context, and
* free_thread_stack() can be called in interrupt context,
* so cache the vm_struct.
*/
tsk->stack_vm_area = vm_area;
stack = kasan_reset_tag(stack);
tsk->stack = stack;
return 0;
}
static void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
if (!try_release_thread_stack_to_cache(tsk->stack_vm_area))
thread_stack_delayed_free(tsk);
tsk->stack = NULL;
tsk->stack_vm_area = NULL;
}
#else /* !CONFIG_VMAP_STACK */
/*
* Allocate pages if THREAD_SIZE is >= PAGE_SIZE, otherwise use a
* kmemcache based allocator.
*/
#if THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE
static void thread_stack_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *rh)
{
__free_pages(virt_to_page(rh), THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
}
static void thread_stack_delayed_free(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct rcu_head *rh = tsk->stack;
call_rcu(rh, thread_stack_free_rcu);
}
static int alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
{
struct page *page = alloc_pages_node(node, THREADINFO_GFP,
THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
if (likely(page)) {
tsk->stack = kasan_reset_tag(page_address(page));
return 0;
}
return -ENOMEM;
}
static void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
thread_stack_delayed_free(tsk);
tsk->stack = NULL;
}
#else /* !(THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE) */
static struct kmem_cache *thread_stack_cache;
static void thread_stack_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *rh)
{
kmem_cache_free(thread_stack_cache, rh);
}
static void thread_stack_delayed_free(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct rcu_head *rh = tsk->stack;
call_rcu(rh, thread_stack_free_rcu);
}
static int alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
{
unsigned long *stack;
stack = kmem_cache_alloc_node(thread_stack_cache, THREADINFO_GFP, node);
stack = kasan_reset_tag(stack);
tsk->stack = stack;
return stack ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
}
static void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
thread_stack_delayed_free(tsk);
tsk->stack = NULL;
}
void thread_stack_cache_init(void)
{
thread_stack_cache = kmem_cache_create_usercopy("thread_stack",
THREAD_SIZE, THREAD_SIZE, 0, 0,
THREAD_SIZE, NULL);
BUG_ON(thread_stack_cache == NULL);
}
#endif /* THREAD_SIZE >= PAGE_SIZE */
#endif /* CONFIG_VMAP_STACK */
/* SLAB cache for signal_struct structures (tsk->signal) */
static struct kmem_cache *signal_cachep;
/* SLAB cache for sighand_struct structures (tsk->sighand) */
struct kmem_cache *sighand_cachep;
/* SLAB cache for files_struct structures (tsk->files) */
struct kmem_cache *files_cachep;
/* SLAB cache for fs_struct structures (tsk->fs) */
struct kmem_cache *fs_cachep;
/* SLAB cache for mm_struct structures (tsk->mm) */
static struct kmem_cache *mm_cachep;
static void account_kernel_stack(struct task_struct *tsk, int account)
{
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VMAP_STACK)) {
struct vm_struct *vm_area = task_stack_vm_area(tsk);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE; i++)
mod_lruvec_page_state(vm_area->pages[i], NR_KERNEL_STACK_KB,
account * (PAGE_SIZE / 1024));
} else {
void *stack = task_stack_page(tsk);
/* All stack pages are in the same node. */
mod_lruvec_kmem_state(stack, NR_KERNEL_STACK_KB,
account * (THREAD_SIZE / 1024));
}
}
void exit_task_stack_account(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
account_kernel_stack(tsk, -1);
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_VMAP_STACK)) {
struct vm_struct *vm_area;
int i;
vm_area = task_stack_vm_area(tsk);
for (i = 0; i < THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE; i++)
memcg_kmem_uncharge_page(vm_area->pages[i], 0);
}
}
static void release_task_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
if (WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(tsk->__state) != TASK_DEAD))
return; /* Better to leak the stack than to free prematurely */
free_thread_stack(tsk);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK
void put_task_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
if (refcount_dec_and_test(&tsk->stack_refcount))
release_task_stack(tsk);
}
#endif
void free_task(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP
WARN_ON_ONCE(tsk->seccomp.filter);
#endif
release_user_cpus_ptr(tsk);
scs_release(tsk);
smp_task_ipi_mask_free(tsk);
#ifndef CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK
/*
* The task is finally done with both the stack and thread_info,
* so free both.
*/
release_task_stack(tsk);
#else
/*
* If the task had a separate stack allocation, it should be gone
* by now.
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(refcount_read(&tsk->stack_refcount) != 0);
#endif
rt_mutex_debug_task_free(tsk);
ftrace_graph_exit_task(tsk);
arch_release_task_struct(tsk);
if (tsk->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
free_kthread_struct(tsk);
bpf_task_storage_free(tsk);
put_task_exec_state(rcu_access_pointer(tsk->exec_state));
free_task_struct(tsk);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_task);
void dup_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, struct mm_struct *oldmm)
{
struct file *exe_file;
exe_file = get_mm_exe_file(oldmm);
RCU_INIT_POINTER(mm->exe_file, exe_file);
/*
* We depend on the oldmm having properly denied write access to the
* exe_file already.
*/
if (exe_file && exe_file_deny_write_access(exe_file))
pr_warn_once("exe_file_deny_write_access() failed in %s\n", __func__);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
static inline int mm_alloc_pgd(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
mm->pgd = pgd_alloc(mm);
if (unlikely(!mm->pgd))
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
}
static inline void mm_free_pgd(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
pgd_free(mm, mm->pgd);
}
#else
#define mm_alloc_pgd(mm) (0)
#define mm_free_pgd(mm)
#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
#ifdef CONFIG_MM_ID
static DEFINE_IDA(mm_ida);
static inline int mm_alloc_id(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
int ret;
ret = ida_alloc_range(&mm_ida, MM_ID_MIN, MM_ID_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
mm->mm_id = ret;
return 0;
}
static inline void mm_free_id(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
const mm_id_t id = mm->mm_id;
mm->mm_id = MM_ID_DUMMY;
if (id == MM_ID_DUMMY)
return;
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(id < MM_ID_MIN || id > MM_ID_MAX))
return;
ida_free(&mm_ida, id);
}
#else /* !CONFIG_MM_ID */
static inline int mm_alloc_id(struct mm_struct *mm) { return 0; }
static inline void mm_free_id(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
#endif /* CONFIG_MM_ID */
static void check_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
int i;
BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(ARRAY_SIZE(resident_page_types) != NR_MM_COUNTERS,
"Please make sure 'struct resident_page_types[]' is updated as well");
for (i = 0; i < NR_MM_COUNTERS; i++) {
long x = percpu_counter_sum(&mm->rss_stat[i]);
if (unlikely(x)) {
pr_alert("BUG: Bad rss-counter state mm:%p type:%s val:%ld Comm:%s Pid:%d\n",
mm, resident_page_types[i], x,
current->comm,
task_pid_nr(current));
}
}
if (mm_pgtables_bytes(mm))
pr_alert("BUG: non-zero pgtables_bytes on freeing mm: %ld\n",
mm_pgtables_bytes(mm));
#if defined(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE) && !defined(CONFIG_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCKS)
VM_BUG_ON_MM(mm->pmd_huge_pte, mm);
#endif
}
#define allocate_mm() (kmem_cache_alloc(mm_cachep, GFP_KERNEL))
#define free_mm(mm) (kmem_cache_free(mm_cachep, (mm)))
static void do_check_lazy_tlb(void *arg)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = arg;
WARN_ON_ONCE(current->active_mm == mm);
}
static void do_shoot_lazy_tlb(void *arg)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = arg;
if (current->active_mm == mm) {
WARN_ON_ONCE(current->mm);
current->active_mm = &init_mm;
switch_mm(mm, &init_mm, current);
}
}
static void cleanup_lazy_tlbs(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MMU_LAZY_TLB_SHOOTDOWN)) {
/*
* In this case, lazy tlb mms are refounted and would not reach
* __mmdrop until all CPUs have switched away and mmdrop()ed.
*/
return;
}
/*
* Lazy mm shootdown does not refcount "lazy tlb mm" usage, rather it
* requires lazy mm users to switch to another mm when the refcount
* drops to zero, before the mm is freed. This requires IPIs here to
* switch kernel threads to init_mm.
*
* archs that use IPIs to flush TLBs can piggy-back that lazy tlb mm
* switch with the final userspace teardown TLB flush which leaves the
* mm lazy on this CPU but no others, reducing the need for additional
* IPIs here. There are cases where a final IPI is still required here,
* such as the final mmdrop being performed on a different CPU than the
* one exiting, or kernel threads using the mm when userspace exits.
*
* IPI overheads have not found to be expensive, but they could be
* reduced in a number of possible ways, for example (roughly
* increasing order of complexity):
* - The last lazy reference created by exit_mm() could instead switch
* to init_mm, however it's probable this will run on the same CPU
* immediately afterwards, so this may not reduce IPIs much.
* - A batch of mms requiring IPIs could be gathered and freed at once.
* - CPUs store active_mm where it can be remotely checked without a
* lock, to filter out false-positives in the cpumask.
* - After mm_users or mm_count reaches zero, switching away from the
* mm could clear mm_cpumask to reduce some IPIs, perhaps together
* with some batching or delaying of the final IPIs.
* - A delayed freeing and RCU-like quiescing sequence based on mm
* switching to avoid IPIs completely.
*/
on_each_cpu_mask(mm_cpumask(mm), do_shoot_lazy_tlb, (void *)mm, 1);
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_SHOOT_LAZIES))
on_each_cpu(do_check_lazy_tlb, (void *)mm, 1);
}
/*
* Called when the last reference to the mm
* is dropped: either by a lazy thread or by
* mmput. Free the page directory and the mm.
*/
void __mmdrop(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
BUG_ON(mm == &init_mm);
WARN_ON_ONCE(mm == current->mm);
/* Ensure no CPUs are using this as their lazy tlb mm */
cleanup_lazy_tlbs(mm);
WARN_ON_ONCE(mm == current->active_mm);
mm_destroy_sched(mm);
mm_free_pgd(mm);
mm_free_id(mm);
destroy_context(mm);
mmu_notifier_subscriptions_destroy(mm);
check_mm(mm);
mm_pasid_drop(mm);
mm_destroy_cid(mm);
percpu_counter_destroy_many(mm->rss_stat, NR_MM_COUNTERS);
free_mm(mm);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__mmdrop);
static void mmdrop_async_fn(struct work_struct *work)
{
struct mm_struct *mm;
mm = container_of(work, struct mm_struct, async_put_work);
__mmdrop(mm);
}
static void mmdrop_async(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
if (unlikely(atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_count))) {
INIT_WORK(&mm->async_put_work, mmdrop_async_fn);
schedule_work(&mm->async_put_work);
}
}
static inline void free_signal_struct(struct signal_struct *sig)
{
taskstats_tgid_free(sig);
sched_autogroup_exit(sig);
/*
* __mmdrop is not safe to call from softirq context on x86 due to
* pgd_dtor so postpone it to the async context
*/
if (sig->oom_mm)
mmdrop_async(sig->oom_mm);
kmem_cache_free(signal_cachep, sig);
}
static inline void put_signal_struct(struct signal_struct *sig)
{
if (refcount_dec_and_test(&sig->sigcnt))
free_signal_struct(sig);
}
void __put_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
WARN_ON(!tsk->exit_state);
WARN_ON(refcount_read(&tsk->usage));
WARN_ON(tsk == current);
unwind_task_free(tsk);
io_uring_free(tsk);
cgroup_task_free(tsk);
task_numa_free(tsk, true);
security_task_free(tsk);
exit_creds(tsk);
delayacct_tsk_free(tsk);
put_signal_struct(tsk->signal);
sched_core_free(tsk);
free_task(tsk);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__put_task_struct);
void __put_task_struct_rcu_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
{
struct task_struct *task = container_of(rhp, struct task_struct, rcu);
__put_task_struct(task);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__put_task_struct_rcu_cb);
void __init __weak arch_task_cache_init(void) { }
/*
* set_max_threads
*/
static void __init set_max_threads(unsigned int max_threads_suggested)
{
u64 threads;
unsigned long nr_pages = memblock_estimated_nr_free_pages();
/*
* The number of threads shall be limited such that the thread
* structures may only consume a small part of the available memory.
*/
if (fls64(nr_pages) + fls64(PAGE_SIZE) > 64)
threads = MAX_THREADS;
else
threads = div64_u64((u64) nr_pages * (u64) PAGE_SIZE,
(u64) THREAD_SIZE * 8UL);
if (threads > max_threads_suggested)
threads = max_threads_suggested;
max_threads = clamp_t(u64, threads, MIN_THREADS, MAX_THREADS);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_WANTS_DYNAMIC_TASK_STRUCT
/* Initialized by the architecture: */
int arch_task_struct_size __read_mostly;
#endif
static void __init task_struct_whitelist(unsigned long *offset, unsigned long *size)
{
/* Fetch thread_struct whitelist for the architecture. */
arch_thread_struct_whitelist(offset, size);
/*
* Handle zero-sized whitelist or empty thread_struct, otherwise
* adjust offset to position of thread_struct in task_struct.
*/
if (unlikely(*size == 0))
*offset = 0;
else
*offset += offsetof(struct task_struct, thread);
}
void __init fork_init(void)
{
int i;
#ifndef ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN
#define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN 0
#endif
int align = max_t(int, L1_CACHE_BYTES, ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN);
unsigned long useroffset, usersize;
/* create a slab on which task_structs can be allocated */
task_struct_whitelist(&useroffset, &usersize);
task_struct_cachep = kmem_cache_create_usercopy("task_struct",
arch_task_struct_size, align,
SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT,
useroffset, usersize, NULL);
/* do the arch specific task caches init */
arch_task_cache_init();
set_max_threads(MAX_THREADS);
init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = max_threads/2;
init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = max_threads/2;
init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] =
init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC];
for (i = 0; i < UCOUNT_COUNTS; i++)
init_user_ns.ucount_max[i] = max_threads/2;
set_userns_rlimit_max(&init_user_ns, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_NPROC, RLIM_INFINITY);
set_userns_rlimit_max(&init_user_ns, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE, RLIM_INFINITY);
set_userns_rlimit_max(&init_user_ns, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_SIGPENDING, RLIM_INFINITY);
set_userns_rlimit_max(&init_user_ns, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, RLIM_INFINITY);
#ifdef CONFIG_VMAP_STACK
cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_BP_PREPARE_DYN, "fork:vm_stack_cache",
NULL, free_vm_stack_cache);
#endif
scs_init();
lockdep_init_task(&init_task);
uprobes_init();
}
int __weak arch_dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *dst,
struct task_struct *src)
{
*dst = *src;
return 0;
}
void set_task_stack_end_magic(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
unsigned long *stackend;
stackend = end_of_stack(tsk);
*stackend = STACK_END_MAGIC; /* for overflow detection */
}
static struct task_struct *dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *orig, int node)
{
struct task_struct *tsk;
int err;
if (node == NUMA_NO_NODE)
node = tsk_fork_get_node(orig);
tsk = alloc_task_struct_node(node);
if (!tsk)
return NULL;
err = arch_dup_task_struct(tsk, orig);
if (err)
goto free_tsk;
err = alloc_thread_stack_node(tsk, node);
if (err)
goto free_tsk;
#ifdef CONFIG_THREAD_INFO_IN_TASK
refcount_set(&tsk->stack_refcount, 1);
#endif
account_kernel_stack(tsk, 1);
err = smp_task_ipi_mask_alloc(tsk);
if (err)
goto free_stack;
err = scs_prepare(tsk, node);
if (err)
goto free_ipi_mask;
#ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP
/*
* We must handle setting up seccomp filters once we're under
* the sighand lock in case orig has changed between now and
* then. Until then, filter must be NULL to avoid messing up
* the usage counts on the error path calling free_task.
*/
tsk->seccomp.filter = NULL;
#endif
RCU_INIT_POINTER(tsk->exec_state, NULL);
setup_thread_stack(tsk, orig);
clear_user_return_notifier(tsk);
clear_tsk_need_resched(tsk);
set_task_stack_end_magic(tsk);
clear_syscall_work_syscall_user_dispatch(tsk);
#ifdef CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR
tsk->stack_canary = get_random_canary();
#endif
if (orig->cpus_ptr == &orig->cpus_mask)
tsk->cpus_ptr = &tsk->cpus_mask;
dup_user_cpus_ptr(tsk, orig, node);
/*
* One for the user space visible state that goes away when reaped.
* One for the scheduler.
*/
refcount_set(&tsk->rcu_users, 2);
/* One for the rcu users */
refcount_set(&tsk->usage, 1);
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IO_TRACE
tsk->btrace_seq = 0;
#endif
tsk->splice_pipe = NULL;
tsk->task_frag.page = NULL;
tsk->wake_q.next = NULL;
tsk->worker_private = NULL;
kcov_task_init(tsk);
kmsan_task_create(tsk);
kmap_local_fork(tsk);
#ifdef CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION
tsk->fail_nth = 0;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP
tsk->throttle_disk = NULL;
tsk->use_memdelay = 0;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_CPU_PASID
tsk->pasid_activated = 0;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
tsk->active_memcg = NULL;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_BUS_LOCK_DETECT
tsk->reported_split_lock = 0;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_MM_CID
tsk->mm_cid.cid = MM_CID_UNSET;
tsk->mm_cid.active = 0;
INIT_HLIST_NODE(&tsk->mm_cid.node);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL
RCU_INIT_POINTER(tsk->bpf_storage, NULL);
tsk->bpf_ctx = NULL;
#endif
return tsk;
free_ipi_mask:
smp_task_ipi_mask_free(tsk);
free_stack:
exit_task_stack_account(tsk);
free_thread_stack(tsk);
free_tsk:
free_task_struct(tsk);
return NULL;
}
__cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(mmlist_lock);
static unsigned long coredump_filter = MMF_DUMP_FILTER_DEFAULT;
static int __init coredump_filter_setup(char *s)
{
if (kstrtoul(s, 0, &coredump_filter))
return 0;
coredump_filter <<= MMF_DUMP_FILTER_SHIFT;
coredump_filter &= MMF_DUMP_FILTER_MASK;
return 1;
}
__setup("coredump_filter=", coredump_filter_setup);
#include <linux/init_task.h>
static void mm_init_aio(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_AIO
spin_lock_init(&mm->ioctx_lock);
mm->ioctx_table = NULL;
#endif
}
static __always_inline void mm_clear_owner(struct mm_struct *mm,
struct task_struct *p)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
if (mm->owner == p)
WRITE_ONCE(mm->owner, NULL);
#endif
}
static void mm_init_owner(struct mm_struct *mm, struct task_struct *p)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
mm->owner = p;
#endif
}
static void mm_init_uprobes_state(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_UPROBES
mm->uprobes_state.xol_area = NULL;
#endif
}
static void mmap_init_lock(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
init_rwsem(&mm->mmap_lock);
mm_lock_seqcount_init(mm);
#ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK
rcuwait_init(&mm->vma_writer_wait);
#endif
}
static struct mm_struct *mm_init(struct mm_struct *mm, struct task_struct *p)
{
mt_init_flags(&mm->mm_mt, MM_MT_FLAGS);
mt_set_external_lock(&mm->mm_mt, &mm->mmap_lock);
atomic_set(&mm->mm_users, 1);
atomic_set(&mm->mm_count, 1);
seqcount_init(&mm->write_protect_seq);
mmap_init_lock(mm);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->mmlist);
mm_pgtables_bytes_init(mm);
mm->map_count = 0;
mm->locked_vm = 0;
atomic64_set(&mm->pinned_vm, 0);
memset(&mm->rss_stat, 0, sizeof(mm->rss_stat));
spin_lock_init(&mm->page_table_lock);
spin_lock_init(&mm->arg_lock);
mm_init_cpumask(mm);
mm_init_aio(mm);
mm_init_owner(mm, p);
mm_pasid_init(mm);
RCU_INIT_POINTER(mm->exe_file, NULL);
mmu_notifier_subscriptions_init(mm);
init_tlb_flush_pending(mm);
#if defined(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE) && !defined(CONFIG_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCKS)
mm->pmd_huge_pte = NULL;
#endif
mm_init_uprobes_state(mm);
hugetlb_count_init(mm);
futex_mm_init(mm);
mm_flags_clear_all(mm);
if (current->mm) {
unsigned long flags = __mm_flags_get_word(current->mm);
__mm_flags_overwrite_word(mm, mmf_init_legacy_flags(flags));
mm->def_flags = current->mm->def_flags & VM_INIT_DEF_MASK;
} else {
__mm_flags_overwrite_word(mm, coredump_filter);
mm->def_flags = 0;
}
if (mm_alloc_pgd(mm))
goto fail_mm_init;
if (mm_alloc_id(mm))
goto fail_noid;
if (init_new_context(p, mm))
goto fail_nocontext;
if (mm_alloc_cid(mm, p))
goto fail_cid;
if (mm_alloc_sched(mm))
goto fail_sched;
if (percpu_counter_init_many(mm->rss_stat, 0, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT,
NR_MM_COUNTERS))
goto fail_pcpu;
lru_gen_init_mm(mm);
return mm;
fail_pcpu:
mm_destroy_sched(mm);
fail_sched:
mm_destroy_cid(mm);
fail_cid:
destroy_context(mm);
fail_nocontext:
mm_free_id(mm);
fail_noid:
mm_free_pgd(mm);
fail_mm_init:
free_mm(mm);
return NULL;
}
/*
* Allocate and initialize an mm_struct.
*/
struct mm_struct *mm_alloc(void)
{
struct mm_struct *mm;
mm = allocate_mm();
if (!mm)
return NULL;
memset(mm, 0, sizeof(*mm));
return mm_init(mm, current);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_IF_KUNIT(mm_alloc);
static inline void __mmput(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
VM_BUG_ON(atomic_read(&mm->mm_users));
uprobe_clear_state(mm);
exit_aio(mm);
ksm_exit(mm);
khugepaged_exit(mm); /* must run before exit_mmap */
exit_mmap(mm);
mm_put_huge_zero_folio(mm);
set_mm_exe_file(mm, NULL);
if (!list_empty(&mm->mmlist)) {
spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
list_del(&mm->mmlist);
spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock);
}
if (mm->binfmt)
module_put(mm->binfmt->module);
lru_gen_del_mm(mm);
futex_hash_free(mm);
mmdrop(mm);
}
/*
* Decrement the use count and release all resources for an mm.
*/
void mmput(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
might_sleep();
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users))
__mmput(mm);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmput);
#if defined(CONFIG_MMU) || defined(CONFIG_FUTEX_PRIVATE_HASH)
static void mmput_async_fn(struct work_struct *work)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = container_of(work, struct mm_struct,
async_put_work);
__mmput(mm);
}
void mmput_async(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users)) {
INIT_WORK(&mm->async_put_work, mmput_async_fn);
schedule_work(&mm->async_put_work);
}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmput_async);
#endif
/**
* set_mm_exe_file - change a reference to the mm's executable file
* @mm: The mm to change.
* @new_exe_file: The new file to use.
*
* This changes mm's executable file (shown as symlink /proc/[pid]/exe).
*
* Main users are mmput() and sys_execve(). Callers prevent concurrent
* invocations: in mmput() nobody alive left, in execve it happens before
* the new mm is made visible to anyone.
*
* Can only fail if new_exe_file != NULL.
*/
int set_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, struct file *new_exe_file)
{
struct file *old_exe_file;
/*
* It is safe to dereference the exe_file without RCU as
* this function is only called if nobody else can access
* this mm -- see comment above for justification.
*/
old_exe_file = rcu_dereference_raw(mm->exe_file);
if (new_exe_file) {
/*
* We expect the caller (i.e., sys_execve) to already denied
* write access, so this is unlikely to fail.
*/
if (unlikely(exe_file_deny_write_access(new_exe_file)))
return -EACCES;
get_file(new_exe_file);
}
rcu_assign_pointer(mm->exe_file, new_exe_file);
if (old_exe_file) {
exe_file_allow_write_access(old_exe_file);
fput(old_exe_file);
}
return 0;
}
/**
* replace_mm_exe_file - replace a reference to the mm's executable file
* @mm: The mm to change.
* @new_exe_file: The new file to use.
*
* This changes mm's executable file (shown as symlink /proc/[pid]/exe).
*
* Main user is sys_prctl(PR_SET_MM_MAP/EXE_FILE).
*/
int replace_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, struct file *new_exe_file)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma;
struct file *old_exe_file;
int ret = 0;
/* Forbid mm->exe_file change if old file still mapped. */
old_exe_file = get_mm_exe_file(mm);
if (old_exe_file) {
VMA_ITERATOR(vmi, mm, 0);
mmap_read_lock(mm);
for_each_vma(vmi, vma) {
if (!vma->vm_file)
continue;
if (path_equal(&vma->vm_file->f_path,
&old_exe_file->f_path)) {
ret = -EBUSY;
break;
}
}
mmap_read_unlock(mm);
fput(old_exe_file);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
ret = exe_file_deny_write_access(new_exe_file);
if (ret)
return -EACCES;
get_file(new_exe_file);
/* set the new file */
mmap_write_lock(mm);
old_exe_file = rcu_dereference_raw(mm->exe_file);
rcu_assign_pointer(mm->exe_file, new_exe_file);
mmap_write_unlock(mm);
if (old_exe_file) {
exe_file_allow_write_access(old_exe_file);
fput(old_exe_file);
}
return 0;
}
/**
* get_mm_exe_file - acquire a reference to the mm's executable file
* @mm: The mm of interest.
*
* Returns %NULL if mm has no associated executable file.
* User must release file via fput().
*/
struct file *get_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
struct file *exe_file;
rcu_read_lock();
exe_file = get_file_rcu(&mm->exe_file);
rcu_read_unlock();
return exe_file;
}
/**
* get_task_exe_file - acquire a reference to the task's executable file
* @task: The task.
*
* Returns %NULL if task's mm (if any) has no associated executable file or
* this is a kernel thread with borrowed mm (see the comment above get_task_mm).
* User must release file via fput().
*/
struct file *get_task_exe_file(struct task_struct *task)
{
struct file *exe_file = NULL;
struct mm_struct *mm;
if (task->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
return NULL;
task_lock(task);
mm = task->mm;
if (mm)
exe_file = get_mm_exe_file(mm);
task_unlock(task);
return exe_file;
}
/**
* get_task_mm - acquire a reference to the task's mm
* @task: The task.
*
* Returns %NULL if the task has no mm. Checks PF_KTHREAD (meaning
* this kernel workthread has transiently adopted a user mm with kthread_use_mm,
* to do its AIO) is not set and if so returns a reference to it, after
* bumping up the use count. User must release the mm via mmput()
* after use. Typically used by /proc and ptrace.
*/
struct mm_struct *get_task_mm(struct task_struct *task)
{
struct mm_struct *mm;
if (task->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
return NULL;
task_lock(task);
mm = task->mm;
if (mm)
mmget(mm);
task_unlock(task);
return mm;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_task_mm);
static bool may_access_mm(struct mm_struct *mm, struct task_struct *task, unsigned int mode)
{
if (mm == current->mm)
return true;
if (ptrace_may_access(task, mode))
return true;
if ((mode & PTRACE_MODE_READ) && perfmon_capable())
return true;
return false;
}
struct mm_struct *mm_access(struct task_struct *task, unsigned int mode)
{
struct mm_struct *mm;
int err;
err = down_read_killable(&task->signal->exec_update_lock);
if (err)
return ERR_PTR(err);
mm = get_task_mm(task);
if (!mm) {
mm = ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
} else if (!may_access_mm(mm, task, mode)) {
mmput(mm);
mm = ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
}
up_read(&task->signal->exec_update_lock);
return mm;
}
static void complete_vfork_done(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct completion *vfork;
task_lock(tsk);
vfork = tsk->vfork_done;
if (likely(vfork)) {
tsk->vfork_done = NULL;
complete(vfork);
}
task_unlock(tsk);
}
static int wait_for_vfork_done(struct task_struct *child,
struct completion *vfork)
{
unsigned int state = TASK_KILLABLE|TASK_FREEZABLE;
int killed;
cgroup_enter_frozen();
killed = wait_for_completion_state(vfork, state);
cgroup_leave_frozen(false);
if (killed) {
task_lock(child);
child->vfork_done = NULL;
task_unlock(child);
}
put_task_struct(child);
return killed;
}
/* Please note the differences between mmput and mm_release.
* mmput is called whenever we stop holding onto a mm_struct,
* error success whatever.
*
* mm_release is called after a mm_struct has been removed
* from the current process.
*
* This difference is important for error handling, when we
* only half set up a mm_struct for a new process and need to restore
* the old one. Because we mmput the new mm_struct before
* restoring the old one. . .
* Eric Biederman 10 January 1998
*/
static void mm_release(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
uprobe_free_utask(tsk);
/* Get rid of any cached register state */
deactivate_mm(tsk, mm);
/*
* Signal userspace if we're not exiting with a core dump
* because we want to leave the value intact for debugging
* purposes.
*/
if (tsk->clear_child_tid) {
if (atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1) {
/*
* We don't check the error code - if userspace has
* not set up a proper pointer then tough luck.
*/
put_user(0, tsk->clear_child_tid);
do_futex(tsk->clear_child_tid, FUTEX_WAKE,
1, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
}
tsk->clear_child_tid = NULL;
}
/*
* All done, finally we can wake up parent and return this mm to him.
* Also kthread_stop() uses this completion for synchronization.
*/
if (tsk->vfork_done)
complete_vfork_done(tsk);
}
void mm_exit_exec_release(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
futex_exit_exec_release(tsk);
mm_release(tsk, mm);
}
/**
* dup_mm() - duplicates an existing mm structure
* @tsk: the task_struct with which the new mm will be associated.
* @oldmm: the mm to duplicate.
*
* Allocates a new mm structure and duplicates the provided @oldmm structure
* content into it.
*
* Return: the duplicated mm or NULL on failure.
*/
static struct mm_struct *dup_mm(struct task_struct *tsk,
struct mm_struct *oldmm)
{
struct mm_struct *mm;
int err;
mm = allocate_mm();
if (!mm)
goto fail_nomem;
memcpy(mm, oldmm, sizeof(*mm));
if (!mm_init(mm, tsk))
goto fail_nomem;
uprobe_start_dup_mmap();
err = dup_mmap(mm, oldmm);
if (err)
goto free_pt;
uprobe_end_dup_mmap();
mm->hiwater_rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
mm->hiwater_vm = mm->total_vm;
if (mm->binfmt && !try_module_get(mm->binfmt->module))
goto free_pt;
return mm;
free_pt:
/* don't put binfmt in mmput, we haven't got module yet */
mm->binfmt = NULL;
mm_init_owner(mm, NULL);
mmput(mm);
if (err)
uprobe_end_dup_mmap();
fail_nomem:
return NULL;
}
static int copy_mm(u64 clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct mm_struct *mm, *oldmm;
tsk->min_flt = tsk->maj_flt = 0;
tsk->nvcsw = tsk->nivcsw = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_DETECT_HUNG_TASK
tsk->last_switch_count = tsk->nvcsw + tsk->nivcsw;
tsk->last_switch_time = 0;
#endif
tsk->mm = NULL;
tsk->active_mm = NULL;
/*
* Are we cloning a kernel thread?
*
* We need to steal a active VM for that..
*/
oldmm = current->mm;
if (!oldmm)
return 0;
if (clone_flags & CLONE_VM) {
mmget(oldmm);
mm = oldmm;
} else {
mm = dup_mm(tsk, current->mm);
if (!mm)
return -ENOMEM;
}
tsk->mm = mm;
tsk->active_mm = mm;
sched_cache_fork(tsk);
return 0;
}
static int copy_exec_state(u64 clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct task_exec_state *exec_state;
/* CLONE_VM siblings refcount-share the parent's exec_state. */
if (clone_flags & CLONE_VM) {
exec_state = rcu_dereference_protected(current->exec_state, true);
refcount_inc(&exec_state->count);
rcu_assign_pointer(tsk->exec_state, exec_state);
return 0;
}
/* Everyone else inherits a fresh copy. */
return task_exec_state_copy(tsk);
}
static int copy_fs(u64 clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk, bool umh)
{
struct fs_struct *fs;
/*
* Usermodehelper may copy userspace_init_fs filesystem state but
* they don't get to create mount namespaces, share the
* filesystem state, or be started from a non-initial mount
* namespace.
*/
if (umh) {
if (clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS | CLONE_FS))
return -EINVAL;
if (current->nsproxy->mnt_ns != &init_mnt_ns)
return -EINVAL;
fs = userspace_init_fs;
} else {
fs = current->fs;
VFS_WARN_ON_ONCE(current->fs != current->real_fs);
}
if (clone_flags & CLONE_FS) {
/* tsk->fs is already what we want */
read_seqlock_excl(&fs->seq);
/* "users" and "in_exec" locked for check_unsafe_exec() */
if (fs->in_exec) {
read_sequnlock_excl(&fs->seq);
return -EAGAIN;
}
fs->users++;
read_sequnlock_excl(&fs->seq);
return 0;
}
tsk->real_fs = tsk->fs = copy_fs_struct(fs);
if (!tsk->fs)
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
}
static int copy_files(u64 clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk,
int no_files)
{
struct files_struct *oldf, *newf;
/*
* A background process may not have any files ...
*/
oldf = current->files;
if (!oldf)
return 0;
if (no_files) {
tsk->files = NULL;
return 0;
}
if (clone_flags & CLONE_FILES) {
atomic_inc(&oldf->count);
return 0;
}
newf = dup_fd(oldf, NULL);
if (IS_ERR(newf))
return PTR_ERR(newf);
tsk->files = newf;
return 0;
}
static int copy_sighand(u64 clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct sighand_struct *sig;
if (clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) {
refcount_inc(&current->sighand->count);
return 0;
}
sig = kmem_cache_alloc(sighand_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
RCU_INIT_POINTER(tsk->sighand, sig);
if (!sig)
return -ENOMEM;
refcount_set(&sig->count, 1);
spin_lock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
memcpy(sig->action, current->sighand->action, sizeof(sig->action));
spin_unlock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
/* Reset all signal handler not set to SIG_IGN to SIG_DFL. */
if (clone_flags & CLONE_CLEAR_SIGHAND)
flush_signal_handlers(tsk, 0);
return 0;
}
void __cleanup_sighand(struct sighand_struct *sighand)
{
if (refcount_dec_and_test(&sighand->count)) {
signalfd_cleanup(sighand);
/*
* sighand_cachep is SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU so we can free it
* without an RCU grace period, see __lock_task_sighand().
*/
kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, sighand);
}
}
/*
* Initialize POSIX timer handling for a thread group.
*/
static void posix_cpu_timers_init_group(struct signal_struct *sig)
{
struct posix_cputimers *pct = &sig->posix_cputimers;
unsigned long cpu_limit;
cpu_limit = READ_ONCE(sig->rlim[RLIMIT_CPU].rlim_cur);
posix_cputimers_group_init(pct, cpu_limit);
}
static int copy_signal(u64 clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
struct signal_struct *sig;
if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
return 0;
sig = kmem_cache_zalloc(signal_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
tsk->signal = sig;
if (!sig)
return -ENOMEM;
sig->nr_threads = 1;
sig->quick_threads = 1;
atomic_set(&sig->live, 1);
refcount_set(&sig->sigcnt, 1);
/* list_add(thread_node, thread_head) without INIT_LIST_HEAD() */
sig->thread_head = (struct list_head)LIST_HEAD_INIT(tsk->thread_node);
tsk->thread_node = (struct list_head)LIST_HEAD_INIT(sig->thread_head);
init_waitqueue_head(&sig->wait_chldexit);
sig->curr_target = tsk;
init_sigpending(&sig->shared_pending);
INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sig->multiprocess);
seqlock_init(&sig->stats_lock);
prev_cputime_init(&sig->prev_cputime);
#ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_TIMERS
INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sig->posix_timers);
INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sig->ignored_posix_timers);
hrtimer_setup(&sig->real_timer, it_real_fn, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
#endif
task_lock(current->group_leader);
memcpy(sig->rlim, current->signal->rlim, sizeof sig->rlim);
task_unlock(current->group_leader);
posix_cpu_timers_init_group(sig);
tty_audit_fork(sig);
sched_autogroup_fork(sig);
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUPS
init_rwsem(&sig->cgroup_threadgroup_rwsem);
#endif
sig->oom_score_adj = current->signal->oom_score_adj;
sig->oom_score_adj_min = current->signal->oom_score_adj_min;
mutex_init(&sig->cred_guard_mutex);
init_rwsem(&sig->exec_update_lock);
return 0;
}
static void copy_seccomp(struct task_struct *p)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SECCOMP
/*
* Must be called with sighand->lock held, which is common to
* all threads in the group. Holding cred_guard_mutex is not
* needed because this new task is not yet running and cannot
* be racing exec.
*/
assert_spin_locked(&current->sighand->siglock);
/* Ref-count the new filter user, and assign it. */
get_seccomp_filter(current);
p->seccomp = current->seccomp;
/*
* Explicitly enable no_new_privs here in case it got set
* between the task_struct being duplicated and holding the
* sighand lock. The seccomp state and nnp must be in sync.
*/
if (task_no_new_privs(current))
task_set_no_new_privs(p);
/*
* If the parent gained a seccomp mode after copying thread
* flags and between before we held the sighand lock, we have
* to manually enable the seccomp thread flag here.
*/
if (p->seccomp.mode != SECCOMP_MODE_DISABLED)
set_task_syscall_work(p, SECCOMP);
#endif
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(set_tid_address, int __user *, tidptr)
{
current->clear_child_tid = tidptr;
return task_pid_vnr(current);
}
static void rt_mutex_init_task(struct task_struct *p)
{
raw_spin_lock_init(&p->pi_lock);
#ifdef CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES
p->pi_waiters = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
p->pi_top_task = NULL;
p->pi_blocked_on = NULL;
#endif
}
static inline void init_task_pid_links(struct task_struct *task)
{
enum pid_type type;
for (type = PIDTYPE_PID; type < PIDTYPE_MAX; ++type)
INIT_HLIST_NODE(&task->pid_links[type]);
}
static inline void
init_task_pid(struct task_struct *task, enum pid_type type, struct pid *pid)
{
if (type == PIDTYPE_PID)
task->thread_pid = pid;
else
task->signal->pids[type] = pid;
}
static inline void rcu_copy_process(struct task_struct *p)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU
p->rcu_read_lock_nesting = 0;
p->rcu_read_unlock_special.s = 0;
p->rcu_blocked_node = NULL;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->rcu_node_entry);
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
#ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
p->rcu_tasks_holdout = false;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->rcu_tasks_holdout_list);
p->rcu_tasks_idle_cpu = -1;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->rcu_tasks_exit_list);
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU */
#ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
p->trc_reader_nesting = 0;
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU */
}
/**
* pidfd_prepare - allocate a new pidfd_file and reserve a pidfd
* @pid: the struct pid for which to create a pidfd
* @flags: flags of the new @pidfd
* @ret_file: return the new pidfs file
*
* Allocate a new file that stashes @pid and reserve a new pidfd number in the
* caller's file descriptor table. The pidfd is reserved but not installed yet.
*
* The helper verifies that @pid is still in use, without PIDFD_THREAD the
* task identified by @pid must be a thread-group leader.
*
* If this function returns successfully the caller is responsible to either
* call fd_install() passing the returned pidfd and pidfd file as arguments in
* order to install the pidfd into its file descriptor table or they must use
* put_unused_fd() and fput() on the returned pidfd and pidfd file
* respectively.
*
* This function is useful when a pidfd must already be reserved but there
* might still be points of failure afterwards and the caller wants to ensure
* that no pidfd is leaked into its file descriptor table.
*
* Return: On success, a reserved pidfd is returned from the function and a new
* pidfd file is returned in the last argument to the function. On
* error, a negative error code is returned from the function and the
* last argument remains unchanged.
*/
int pidfd_prepare(struct pid *pid, unsigned int flags, struct file **ret_file)
{
struct file *pidfs_file;
/*
* PIDFD_STALE is only allowed to be passed if the caller knows
* that @pid is already registered in pidfs and thus
* PIDFD_INFO_EXIT information is guaranteed to be available.
*/
if (!(flags & PIDFD_STALE)) {
/*
* While holding the pidfd waitqueue lock removing the
* task linkage for the thread-group leader pid
* (PIDTYPE_TGID) isn't possible. Thus, if there's still
* task linkage for PIDTYPE_PID not having thread-group
* leader linkage for the pid means it wasn't a
* thread-group leader in the first place.
*/
guard(spinlock_irq)(&pid->wait_pidfd.lock);
/* Task has already been reaped. */
if (!pid_has_task(pid, PIDTYPE_PID))
return -ESRCH;
/*
* If this struct pid isn't used as a thread-group
* leader but the caller requested to create a
* thread-group leader pidfd then report ENOENT.
*/
if (!(flags & PIDFD_THREAD) && !pid_has_task(pid, PIDTYPE_TGID))
return -ENOENT;
}
CLASS(get_unused_fd, pidfd)(O_CLOEXEC);
if (pidfd < 0)
return pidfd;
pidfs_file = pidfs_alloc_file(pid, flags | O_RDWR);
if (IS_ERR(pidfs_file))
return PTR_ERR(pidfs_file);
*ret_file = pidfs_file;
return take_fd(pidfd);
}
static void __delayed_free_task(struct rcu_head *rhp)
{
struct task_struct *tsk = container_of(rhp, struct task_struct, rcu);
free_task(tsk);
}
static __always_inline void delayed_free_task(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MEMCG))
call_rcu(&tsk->rcu, __delayed_free_task);
else
free_task(tsk);
}
static void copy_oom_score_adj(u64 clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
{
/* Skip if kernel thread */
if (!tsk->mm)
return;
/* Skip if spawning a thread or using vfork */
if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_VM | CLONE_THREAD | CLONE_VFORK)) != CLONE_VM)
return;
/* We need to synchronize with __set_oom_adj */
mutex_lock(&oom_adj_mutex);
mm_flags_set(MMF_MULTIPROCESS, tsk->mm);
/* Update the values in case they were changed after copy_signal */
tsk->signal->oom_score_adj = current->signal->oom_score_adj;
tsk->signal->oom_score_adj_min = current->signal->oom_score_adj_min;
mutex_unlock(&oom_adj_mutex);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_RV
static void rv_task_fork(struct task_struct *p)
{
memset(&p->rv, 0, sizeof(p->rv));
}
#else
#define rv_task_fork(p) do {} while (0)
#endif
static bool need_futex_hash_allocate_default(u64 clone_flags)
{
/*
* Allocate a default futex hash for any sibling that will
* share the parent's mm.
*/
return clone_flags & CLONE_VM;
}
/*
* This creates a new process as a copy of the old one,
* but does not actually start it yet.
*
* It copies the registers, and all the appropriate
* parts of the process environment (as per the clone
* flags). The actual kick-off is left to the caller.
*/
__latent_entropy struct task_struct *copy_process(
struct pid *pid,
int trace,
int node,
struct kernel_clone_args *args)
{
int pidfd = -1, retval;
struct task_struct *p;
struct multiprocess_signals delayed;
struct file *pidfile = NULL;
const u64 clone_flags = args->flags;
struct nsproxy *nsp = current->nsproxy;
/*
* Don't allow sharing the root directory with processes in a different
* namespace
*/
if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS)) == (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS))
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWUSER|CLONE_FS)) == (CLONE_NEWUSER|CLONE_FS))
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
/*
* Thread groups must share signals as well, and detached threads
* can only be started up within the thread group.
*/
if ((clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND))
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
/*
* Shared signal handlers imply shared VM. By way of the above,
* thread groups also imply shared VM. Blocking this case allows
* for various simplifications in other code.
*/
if ((clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_VM))
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
/*
* Siblings of global init remain as zombies on exit since they are
* not reaped by their parent (swapper). To solve this and to avoid
* multi-rooted process trees, prevent global and container-inits
* from creating siblings.
*/
if ((clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT) &&
current->signal->flags & SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE)
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
/*
* If the new process will be in a different pid or user namespace
* do not allow it to share a thread group with the forking task.
*/
if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWPID)) ||
(task_active_pid_ns(current) != nsp->pid_ns_for_children))
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
}
if (clone_flags & CLONE_PIDFD) {
/*
* - CLONE_DETACHED is blocked so that we can potentially
* reuse it later for CLONE_PIDFD.
*/
if (clone_flags & CLONE_DETACHED)
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
}
if (clone_flags & CLONE_AUTOREAP) {
if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT)
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
if (args->exit_signal)
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
}
if ((clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT) && current->signal->autoreap)
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
if (clone_flags & CLONE_NNP) {
if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
}
if (clone_flags & CLONE_PIDFD_AUTOKILL) {
if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_PIDFD))
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_AUTOREAP))
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
/*
* Without CLONE_NNP the child could escalate privileges
* after being spawned, so require CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
* With CLONE_NNP the child can't gain new privileges,
* so allow unprivileged usage.
*/
if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_NNP) &&
!ns_capable(current_user_ns(), CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
}
/*
* Force any signals received before this point to be delivered
* before the fork happens. Collect up signals sent to multiple
* processes that happen during the fork and delay them so that
* they appear to happen after the fork.
*/
sigemptyset(&delayed.signal);
INIT_HLIST_NODE(&delayed.node);
spin_lock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD))
hlist_add_head(&delayed.node, &current->signal->multiprocess);
recalc_sigpending();
spin_unlock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
retval = -ERESTARTNOINTR;
if (task_sigpending(current))
goto fork_out;
retval = -ENOMEM;
p = dup_task_struct(current, node);
if (!p)
goto fork_out;
/*
* Must run before the first fallible op, so error paths never
* free the parent's ret_stack.
*/
ftrace_graph_init_task(p);
retval = copy_exec_state(clone_flags, p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_free;
p->flags &= ~PF_KTHREAD;
if (args->kthread)
p->flags |= PF_KTHREAD;
if (args->user_worker) {
/*
* Mark us a user worker, and block any signal that isn't
* fatal or STOP
*/
p->flags |= PF_USER_WORKER;
siginitsetinv(&p->blocked, sigmask(SIGKILL)|sigmask(SIGSTOP));
}
if (args->io_thread)
p->flags |= PF_IO_WORKER;
if (args->name)
strscpy_pad(p->comm, args->name, sizeof(p->comm));
p->set_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_SETTID) ? args->child_tid : NULL;
/*
* TID is cleared in mm_release() when the task exits
*/
p->clear_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID) ? args->child_tid : NULL;
rt_mutex_init_task(p);
raw_spin_lock_init(&p->blocked_lock);
lockdep_assert_irqs_enabled();
#ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->softirqs_enabled);
#endif
retval = copy_creds(p, clone_flags);
if (retval < 0)
goto bad_fork_free;
retval = -EAGAIN;
if (is_rlimit_overlimit(task_ucounts(p), UCOUNT_RLIMIT_NPROC, rlimit(RLIMIT_NPROC))) {
if (p->real_cred->user != INIT_USER &&
!capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
}
current->flags &= ~PF_NPROC_EXCEEDED;
/*
* If multiple threads are within copy_process(), then this check
* triggers too late. This doesn't hurt, the check is only there
* to stop root fork bombs.
*/
retval = -EAGAIN;
if (data_race(nr_threads >= max_threads))
goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
delayacct_tsk_init(p); /* Must remain after dup_task_struct() */
p->flags &= ~(PF_SUPERPRIV | PF_WQ_WORKER | PF_IDLE | PF_NO_SETAFFINITY);
p->flags |= PF_FORKNOEXEC;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->children);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->sibling);
rcu_copy_process(p);
p->vfork_done = NULL;
spin_lock_init(&p->alloc_lock);
init_sigpending(&p->pending);
p->utime = p->stime = p->gtime = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_SCALED_CPUTIME
p->utimescaled = p->stimescaled = 0;
#endif
prev_cputime_init(&p->prev_cputime);
#ifdef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN
seqcount_init(&p->vtime.seqcount);
p->vtime.starttime = 0;
p->vtime.state = VTIME_INACTIVE;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_IO_URING
p->io_uring = NULL;
retval = io_uring_fork(p);
if (unlikely(retval))
goto bad_fork_cleanup_delayacct;
retval = -EAGAIN;
#endif
p->default_timer_slack_ns = current->timer_slack_ns;
#ifdef CONFIG_PSI
p->psi_flags = 0;
#endif
task_io_accounting_init(&p->ioac);
acct_clear_integrals(p);
posix_cputimers_init(&p->posix_cputimers);
tick_dep_init_task(p);
p->io_context = NULL;
audit_set_context(p, NULL);
cgroup_fork(p);
if (args->kthread) {
if (!set_kthread_struct(p))
goto bad_fork_cleanup_delayacct;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
p->mempolicy = mpol_dup(p->mempolicy);
if (IS_ERR(p->mempolicy)) {
retval = PTR_ERR(p->mempolicy);
p->mempolicy = NULL;
goto bad_fork_cleanup_delayacct;
}
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_CPUSETS
p->cpuset_mem_spread_rotor = NUMA_NO_NODE;
seqcount_spinlock_init(&p->mems_allowed_seq, &p->alloc_lock);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
memset(&p->irqtrace, 0, sizeof(p->irqtrace));
p->irqtrace.hardirq_disable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
p->irqtrace.softirq_enable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
p->softirqs_enabled = 1;
p->softirq_context = 0;
#endif
p->pagefault_disabled = 0;
lockdep_init_task(p);
p->blocked_on = NULL; /* not blocked yet */
p->blocked_donor = NULL; /* nobody is boosting p yet */
#ifdef CONFIG_BCACHE
p->sequential_io = 0;
p->sequential_io_avg = 0;
#endif
unwind_task_init(p);
/* Perform scheduler related setup. Assign this task to a CPU. */
retval = sched_fork(clone_flags, p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_policy;
retval = perf_event_init_task(p, clone_flags);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_sched_cancel_fork;
retval = audit_alloc(p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_perf;
/* copy all the process information */
shm_init_task(p);
retval = security_task_alloc(p, clone_flags);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_audit;
retval = copy_semundo(clone_flags, p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_security;
retval = copy_files(clone_flags, p, args->no_files);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_semundo;
retval = copy_fs(clone_flags, p, args->umh);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_files;
retval = copy_sighand(clone_flags, p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_fs;
retval = copy_signal(clone_flags, p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_sighand;
retval = copy_mm(clone_flags, p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_signal;
retval = copy_namespaces(clone_flags, p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_mm;
retval = copy_io(clone_flags, p);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces;
retval = copy_thread(p, args);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
stackleak_task_init(p);
if (pid != &init_struct_pid) {
pid = alloc_pid(p->nsproxy->pid_ns_for_children, args->set_tid,
args->set_tid_size);
if (IS_ERR(pid)) {
retval = PTR_ERR(pid);
goto bad_fork_cleanup_thread;
}
}
/*
* This has to happen after we've potentially unshared the file
* descriptor table (so that the pidfd doesn't leak into the child
* if the fd table isn't shared).
*/
if (clone_flags & CLONE_PIDFD) {
unsigned flags = PIDFD_STALE;
if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
flags |= PIDFD_THREAD;
if (clone_flags & CLONE_PIDFD_AUTOKILL)
flags |= PIDFD_AUTOKILL;
/*
* Note that no task has been attached to @pid yet indicate
* that via CLONE_PIDFD.
*/
retval = pidfd_prepare(pid, flags, &pidfile);
if (retval < 0)
goto bad_fork_free_pid;
pidfd = retval;
retval = put_user(pidfd, args->pidfd);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_put_pidfd;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
p->plug = NULL;
p->flags &= ~PF_BLOCK_TS;
#endif
futex_init_task(p);
/*
* sigaltstack should be cleared when sharing the same VM
*/
if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_VM|CLONE_VFORK)) == CLONE_VM)
sas_ss_reset(p);
/*
* Syscall tracing and stepping should be turned off in the
* child regardless of CLONE_PTRACE.
*/
user_disable_single_step(p);
clear_task_syscall_work(p, SYSCALL_TRACE);
#if defined(CONFIG_GENERIC_ENTRY) || defined(TIF_SYSCALL_EMU)
clear_task_syscall_work(p, SYSCALL_EMU);
#endif
clear_tsk_latency_tracing(p);
/* ok, now we should be set up.. */
p->pid = pid_nr(pid);
if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
p->group_leader = current->group_leader;
p->tgid = current->tgid;
} else {
p->group_leader = p;
p->tgid = p->pid;
}
p->nr_dirtied = 0;
p->nr_dirtied_pause = 128 >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
p->dirty_paused_when = 0;
p->pdeath_signal = 0;
p->task_works = NULL;
clear_posix_cputimers_work(p);
#ifdef CONFIG_KRETPROBES
p->kretprobe_instances.first = NULL;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_RETHOOK
p->rethooks.first = NULL;
#endif
/*
* Ensure that the cgroup subsystem policies allow the new process to be
* forked. It should be noted that the new process's css_set can be changed
* between here and cgroup_post_fork() if an organisation operation is in
* progress.
*/
retval = cgroup_can_fork(p, args);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_put_pidfd;
/*
* Now that the cgroups are pinned, re-clone the parent cgroup and put
* the new task on the correct runqueue. All this *before* the task
* becomes visible.
*
* This isn't part of ->can_fork() because while the re-cloning is
* cgroup specific, it unconditionally needs to place the task on a
* runqueue.
*/
retval = sched_cgroup_fork(p, args);
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cancel_cgroup;
if (need_futex_hash_allocate_default(clone_flags)) {
retval = futex_hash_allocate_default();
if (retval)
goto bad_fork_cancel_cgroup;
/*
* If we fail beyond this point we don't free the allocated
* futex hash map. We assume that another thread will be created
* and makes use of it. The hash map will be freed once the main
* thread terminates.
*/
}
/*
* From this point on we must avoid any synchronous user-space
* communication until we take the tasklist-lock. In particular, we do
* not want user-space to be able to predict the process start-time by
* stalling fork(2) after we recorded the start_time but before it is
* visible to the system.
*/
p->start_time = ktime_get_ns();
p->start_boottime = ktime_get_boottime_ns();
/*
* Make it visible to the rest of the system, but dont wake it up yet.
* Need tasklist lock for parent etc handling!
*/
write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
/* CLONE_PARENT re-uses the old parent */
if (clone_flags & (CLONE_PARENT|CLONE_THREAD)) {
p->real_parent = current->real_parent;
p->parent_exec_id = current->parent_exec_id;
if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
p->exit_signal = -1;
else
p->exit_signal = current->group_leader->exit_signal;
} else {
p->real_parent = current;
p->parent_exec_id = current->self_exec_id;
p->exit_signal = args->exit_signal;
}
klp_copy_process(p);
sched_core_fork(p);
spin_lock(&current->sighand->siglock);
rv_task_fork(p);
rseq_fork(p, clone_flags);
/*
* If zap_pid_ns_processes() was called after alloc_pid(), the new
* child missed SIGKILL. If current is not in the same namespace,
* we can't rely on fatal_signal_pending() below.
*/
if (unlikely(!(ns_of_pid(pid)->pid_allocated & PIDNS_ADDING))) {
retval = -ENOMEM;
goto bad_fork_core_free;
}
/* Let kill terminate clone/fork in the middle */
if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
retval = -EINTR;
goto bad_fork_core_free;
}
/* No more failure paths after this point. */
/*
* Copy seccomp details explicitly here, in case they were changed
* before holding sighand lock.
*/
copy_seccomp(p);
if (clone_flags & CLONE_NNP)
task_set_no_new_privs(p);
init_task_pid_links(p);
if (likely(p->pid)) {
ptrace_init_task(p, (clone_flags & CLONE_PTRACE) || trace);
init_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID, pid);
if (thread_group_leader(p)) {
init_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_TGID, pid);
init_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID, task_pgrp(current));
init_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID, task_session(current));
if (is_child_reaper(pid)) {
struct pid_namespace *ns = ns_of_pid(pid);
ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(ns->child_reaper);
WRITE_ONCE(ns->child_reaper, p);
p->signal->flags |= SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE;
}
p->signal->shared_pending.signal = delayed.signal;
p->signal->tty = tty_kref_get(current->signal->tty);
/*
* Inherit has_child_subreaper flag under the same
* tasklist_lock with adding child to the process tree
* for propagate_has_child_subreaper optimization.
*/
p->signal->has_child_subreaper = p->real_parent->signal->has_child_subreaper ||
p->real_parent->signal->is_child_subreaper;
if (clone_flags & CLONE_AUTOREAP)
p->signal->autoreap = 1;
list_add_tail(&p->sibling, &p->real_parent->children);
list_add_tail_rcu(&p->tasks, &init_task.tasks);
attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_TGID);
attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID);
attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID);
__this_cpu_inc(process_counts);
} else {
current->signal->nr_threads++;
current->signal->quick_threads++;
atomic_inc(&current->signal->live);
refcount_inc(&current->signal->sigcnt);
task_join_group_stop(p);
list_add_tail_rcu(&p->thread_node,
&p->signal->thread_head);
}
attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID);
nr_threads++;
}
total_forks++;
hlist_del_init(&delayed.node);
spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
syscall_tracepoint_update(p);
write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
if (pidfile)
fd_install(pidfd, pidfile);
proc_fork_connector(p);
/*
* sched_ext needs @p to be associated with its cgroup in its post_fork
* hook. cgroup_post_fork() should come before sched_post_fork().
*/
cgroup_post_fork(p, args);
sched_post_fork(p);
perf_event_fork(p);
trace_task_newtask(p, clone_flags);
uprobe_copy_process(p, clone_flags);
user_events_fork(p, clone_flags);
copy_oom_score_adj(clone_flags, p);
return p;
bad_fork_core_free:
sched_core_free(p);
spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
bad_fork_cancel_cgroup:
cgroup_cancel_fork(p, args);
bad_fork_put_pidfd:
if (clone_flags & CLONE_PIDFD) {
fput(pidfile);
put_unused_fd(pidfd);
}
bad_fork_free_pid:
if (pid != &init_struct_pid)
free_pid(pid);
bad_fork_cleanup_thread:
exit_thread(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_io:
if (p->io_context)
exit_io_context(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces:
exit_nsproxy_namespaces(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_mm:
sched_cache_fork_cleanup(p);
if (p->mm) {
mm_clear_owner(p->mm, p);
mmput(p->mm);
}
bad_fork_cleanup_signal:
if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD))
free_signal_struct(p->signal);
bad_fork_cleanup_sighand:
__cleanup_sighand(p->sighand);
bad_fork_cleanup_fs:
exit_fs(p); /* blocking */
bad_fork_cleanup_files:
exit_files(p); /* blocking */
bad_fork_cleanup_semundo:
exit_sem(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_security:
security_task_free(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_audit:
audit_free(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_perf:
perf_event_free_task(p);
bad_fork_sched_cancel_fork:
sched_cancel_fork(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_policy:
lockdep_free_task(p);
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
mpol_put(p->mempolicy);
#endif
bad_fork_cleanup_delayacct:
io_uring_free(p);
delayacct_tsk_free(p);
bad_fork_cleanup_count:
dec_rlimit_ucounts(task_ucounts(p), UCOUNT_RLIMIT_NPROC, 1);
exit_cred_namespaces(p);
exit_creds(p);
bad_fork_free:
WRITE_ONCE(p->__state, TASK_DEAD);
exit_task_stack_account(p);
put_task_stack(p);
delayed_free_task(p);
fork_out:
spin_lock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
hlist_del_init(&delayed.node);
spin_unlock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
return ERR_PTR(retval);
}
static inline void init_idle_pids(struct task_struct *idle)
{
enum pid_type type;
for (type = PIDTYPE_PID; type < PIDTYPE_MAX; ++type) {
INIT_HLIST_NODE(&idle->pid_links[type]); /* not really needed */
init_task_pid(idle, type, &init_struct_pid);
}
}
static int idle_dummy(void *dummy)
{
/* This function is never called */
return 0;
}
struct task_struct * __init fork_idle(int cpu)
{
struct task_struct *task;
struct kernel_clone_args args = {
.flags = CLONE_VM,
.fn = &idle_dummy,
.fn_arg = NULL,
.kthread = 1,
.idle = 1,
};
task = copy_process(&init_struct_pid, 0, cpu_to_node(cpu), &args);
if (!IS_ERR(task)) {
init_idle_pids(task);
init_idle(task, cpu);
}
return task;
}
/*
* This is like kernel_clone(), but shaved down and tailored to just
* creating io_uring workers. It returns a created task, or an error pointer.
* The returned task is inactive, and the caller must fire it up through
* wake_up_new_task(p). All signals are blocked in the created task.
*/
struct task_struct *create_io_thread(int (*fn)(void *), void *arg, int node)
{
unsigned long flags = CLONE_FS|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SIGHAND|CLONE_THREAD|
CLONE_IO|CLONE_VM|CLONE_UNTRACED;
struct kernel_clone_args args = {
.flags = flags,
.fn = fn,
.fn_arg = arg,
.io_thread = 1,
.user_worker = 1,
};
return copy_process(NULL, 0, node, &args);
}
/*
* Ok, this is the main fork-routine.
*
* It copies the process, and if successful kick-starts
* it and waits for it to finish using the VM if required.
*/
pid_t kernel_clone(struct kernel_clone_args *args)
{
u64 clone_flags = args->flags;
struct completion vfork;
struct pid *pid;
struct task_struct *p;
int trace = 0;
pid_t nr;
/*
* Creating an empty mount namespace implies creating a new mount
* namespace. Set this before copy_process() so that the
* CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS mutual exclusion check works correctly.
*/
if (clone_flags & CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS) {
clone_flags |= CLONE_NEWNS;
args->flags = clone_flags;
}
/*
* For legacy clone() calls, CLONE_PIDFD uses the parent_tid argument
* to return the pidfd. Hence, CLONE_PIDFD and CLONE_PARENT_SETTID are
* mutually exclusive. With clone3() CLONE_PIDFD has grown a separate
* field in struct clone_args and it still doesn't make sense to have
* them both point at the same memory location. Performing this check
* here has the advantage that we don't need to have a separate helper
* to check for legacy clone().
*/
if ((clone_flags & CLONE_PIDFD) &&
(clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT_SETTID) &&
(args->pidfd == args->parent_tid))
return -EINVAL;
if (!valid_signal(args->exit_signal))
return -EINVAL;
/*
* Determine whether and which event to report to ptracer. When
* called from kernel_thread or CLONE_UNTRACED is explicitly
* requested, no event is reported; otherwise, report if the event
* for the type of forking is enabled.
*/
if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_UNTRACED)) {
if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK)
trace = PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK;
else if (args->exit_signal != SIGCHLD)
trace = PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE;
else
trace = PTRACE_EVENT_FORK;
if (likely(!ptrace_event_enabled(current, trace)))
trace = 0;
}
p = copy_process(NULL, trace, NUMA_NO_NODE, args);
add_latent_entropy();
if (IS_ERR(p))
return PTR_ERR(p);
/*
* Do this prior waking up the new thread - the thread pointer
* might get invalid after that point, if the thread exits quickly.
*/
trace_sched_process_fork(current, p);
pid = get_task_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID);
nr = pid_vnr(pid);
if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT_SETTID)
put_user(nr, args->parent_tid);
if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
p->vfork_done = &vfork;
init_completion(&vfork);
get_task_struct(p);
}
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_LRU_GEN_WALKS_MMU) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_VM)) {
/* lock the task to synchronize with memcg migration */
task_lock(p);
lru_gen_add_mm(p->mm);
task_unlock(p);
}
wake_up_new_task(p);
/* forking complete and child started to run, tell ptracer */
if (unlikely(trace))
ptrace_event_pid(trace, pid);
if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
if (!wait_for_vfork_done(p, &vfork))
ptrace_event_pid(PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE, pid);
}
put_pid(pid);
return nr;
}
/*
* Create a kernel thread.
*/
pid_t kernel_thread(int (*fn)(void *), void *arg, const char *name,
unsigned long flags)
{
struct kernel_clone_args args = {
.flags = ((flags | CLONE_VM | CLONE_UNTRACED) & ~CSIGNAL),
.exit_signal = (flags & CSIGNAL),
.fn = fn,
.fn_arg = arg,
.name = name,
.kthread = 1,
};
return kernel_clone(&args);
}
/*
* Create a user mode thread.
*/
pid_t user_mode_thread(int (*fn)(void *), void *arg, unsigned long flags)
{
struct kernel_clone_args args = {
.flags = ((flags | CLONE_VM | CLONE_UNTRACED) & ~CSIGNAL),
.exit_signal = (flags & CSIGNAL),
.fn = fn,
.fn_arg = arg,
.umh = 1,
};
return kernel_clone(&args);
}
#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_SYS_FORK
SYSCALL_DEFINE0(fork)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
struct kernel_clone_args args = {
.exit_signal = SIGCHLD,
};
return kernel_clone(&args);
#else
/* can not support in nommu mode */
return -EINVAL;
#endif
}
#endif
#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_SYS_VFORK
SYSCALL_DEFINE0(vfork)
{
struct kernel_clone_args args = {
.flags = CLONE_VFORK | CLONE_VM,
.exit_signal = SIGCHLD,
};
return kernel_clone(&args);
}
#endif
#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_SYS_CLONE
#ifdef CONFIG_CLONE_BACKWARDS
SYSCALL_DEFINE5(clone, unsigned long, clone_flags, unsigned long, newsp,
int __user *, parent_tidptr,
unsigned long, tls,
int __user *, child_tidptr)
#elif defined(CONFIG_CLONE_BACKWARDS2)
SYSCALL_DEFINE5(clone, unsigned long, newsp, unsigned long, clone_flags,
int __user *, parent_tidptr,
int __user *, child_tidptr,
unsigned long, tls)
#elif defined(CONFIG_CLONE_BACKWARDS3)
SYSCALL_DEFINE6(clone, unsigned long, clone_flags, unsigned long, newsp,
int, stack_size,
int __user *, parent_tidptr,
int __user *, child_tidptr,
unsigned long, tls)
#else
SYSCALL_DEFINE5(clone, unsigned long, clone_flags, unsigned long, newsp,
int __user *, parent_tidptr,
int __user *, child_tidptr,
unsigned long, tls)
#endif
{
struct kernel_clone_args args = {
.flags = (lower_32_bits(clone_flags) & ~CSIGNAL),
.pidfd = parent_tidptr,
.child_tid = child_tidptr,
.parent_tid = parent_tidptr,
.exit_signal = (lower_32_bits(clone_flags) & CSIGNAL),
.stack = newsp,
.tls = tls,
};
return kernel_clone(&args);
}
#endif
static noinline int copy_clone_args_from_user(struct kernel_clone_args *kargs,
struct clone_args __user *uargs,
size_t usize)
{
int err;
struct clone_args args;
pid_t *kset_tid = kargs->set_tid;
BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetofend(struct clone_args, tls) !=
CLONE_ARGS_SIZE_VER0);
BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetofend(struct clone_args, set_tid_size) !=
CLONE_ARGS_SIZE_VER1);
BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetofend(struct clone_args, cgroup) !=
CLONE_ARGS_SIZE_VER2);
BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct clone_args) != CLONE_ARGS_SIZE_VER2);
if (unlikely(usize > PAGE_SIZE))
return -E2BIG;
if (unlikely(usize < CLONE_ARGS_SIZE_VER0))
return -EINVAL;
err = copy_struct_from_user(&args, sizeof(args), uargs, usize);
if (err)
return err;
if (unlikely(args.set_tid_size > MAX_PID_NS_LEVEL))
return -EINVAL;
if (unlikely(!args.set_tid && args.set_tid_size > 0))
return -EINVAL;
if (unlikely(args.set_tid && args.set_tid_size == 0))
return -EINVAL;
/*
* Verify that higher 32bits of exit_signal are unset
*/
if (unlikely(args.exit_signal & ~((u64)CSIGNAL)))
return -EINVAL;
if ((args.flags & CLONE_INTO_CGROUP) &&
(args.cgroup > INT_MAX || usize < CLONE_ARGS_SIZE_VER2))
return -EINVAL;
*kargs = (struct kernel_clone_args){
.flags = args.flags,
.pidfd = u64_to_user_ptr(args.pidfd),
.child_tid = u64_to_user_ptr(args.child_tid),
.parent_tid = u64_to_user_ptr(args.parent_tid),
.exit_signal = args.exit_signal,
.stack = args.stack,
.stack_size = args.stack_size,
.tls = args.tls,
.set_tid_size = args.set_tid_size,
.cgroup = args.cgroup,
};
if (args.set_tid &&
copy_from_user(kset_tid, u64_to_user_ptr(args.set_tid),
(kargs->set_tid_size * sizeof(pid_t))))
return -EFAULT;
kargs->set_tid = kset_tid;
return 0;
}
/**
* clone3_stack_valid - check and prepare stack
* @kargs: kernel clone args
*
* Verify that the stack arguments userspace gave us are sane.
* In addition, set the stack direction for userspace since it's easy for us to
* determine.
*/
static inline bool clone3_stack_valid(struct kernel_clone_args *kargs)
{
if (kargs->stack == 0) {
if (kargs->stack_size > 0)
return false;
} else {
if (kargs->stack_size == 0)
return false;
if (!access_ok((void __user *)kargs->stack, kargs->stack_size))
return false;
#if !defined(CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP)
kargs->stack += kargs->stack_size;
#endif
}
return true;
}
static bool clone3_args_valid(struct kernel_clone_args *kargs)
{
/* Verify that no unknown flags are passed along. */
if (kargs->flags &
~(CLONE_LEGACY_FLAGS | CLONE_CLEAR_SIGHAND |
CLONE_INTO_CGROUP | CLONE_AUTOREAP | CLONE_NNP |
CLONE_PIDFD_AUTOKILL | CLONE_EMPTY_MNTNS))
return false;
/*
* - make the CLONE_DETACHED bit reusable for clone3
* - make the CSIGNAL bits reusable for clone3
*/
if (kargs->flags & (CLONE_DETACHED | (CSIGNAL & (~CLONE_NEWTIME))))
return false;
if ((kargs->flags & (CLONE_SIGHAND | CLONE_CLEAR_SIGHAND)) ==
(CLONE_SIGHAND | CLONE_CLEAR_SIGHAND))
return false;
if ((kargs->flags & (CLONE_THREAD | CLONE_PARENT)) &&
kargs->exit_signal)
return false;
if (!clone3_stack_valid(kargs))
return false;
return true;
}
/**
* sys_clone3 - create a new process with specific properties
* @uargs: argument structure
* @size: size of @uargs
*
* clone3() is the extensible successor to clone()/clone2().
* It takes a struct as argument that is versioned by its size.
*
* Return: On success, a positive PID for the child process.
* On error, a negative errno number.
*/
SYSCALL_DEFINE2(clone3, struct clone_args __user *, uargs, size_t, size)
{
int err;
struct kernel_clone_args kargs;
pid_t set_tid[MAX_PID_NS_LEVEL];
#ifdef __ARCH_BROKEN_SYS_CLONE3
#warning clone3() entry point is missing, please fix
return -ENOSYS;
#endif
kargs.set_tid = set_tid;
err = copy_clone_args_from_user(&kargs, uargs, size);
if (err)
return err;
if (!clone3_args_valid(&kargs))
return -EINVAL;
return kernel_clone(&kargs);
}
void walk_process_tree(struct task_struct *top, proc_visitor visitor, void *data)
{
struct task_struct *leader, *parent, *child;
int res;
read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
leader = top = top->group_leader;
down:
for_each_thread(leader, parent) {
list_for_each_entry(child, &parent->children, sibling) {
res = visitor(child, data);
if (res) {
if (res < 0)
goto out;
leader = child;
goto down;
}
up:
;
}
}
if (leader != top) {
child = leader;
parent = child->real_parent;
leader = parent->group_leader;
goto up;
}
out:
read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
}
#ifndef ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN
#define ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN 0
#endif
static void sighand_ctor(void *data)
{
struct sighand_struct *sighand = data;
spin_lock_init(&sighand->siglock);
init_waitqueue_head(&sighand->signalfd_wqh);
}
void __init mm_cache_init(void)
{
unsigned int mm_size;
/*
* The mm_cpumask is located at the end of mm_struct, and is
* dynamically sized based on the maximum CPU number this system
* can have, taking hotplug into account (nr_cpu_ids).
*/
mm_size = sizeof(struct mm_struct) + cpumask_size() + mm_cid_size();
mm_cachep = kmem_cache_create_usercopy("mm_struct",
mm_size, ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN,
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT,
offsetof(struct mm_struct, saved_auxv),
sizeof_field(struct mm_struct, saved_auxv),
NULL);
}
void __init proc_caches_init(void)
{
sighand_cachep = kmem_cache_create("sighand_cache",
sizeof(struct sighand_struct), 0,
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU|
SLAB_ACCOUNT, sighand_ctor);
signal_cachep = kmem_cache_create("signal_cache",
sizeof(struct signal_struct), 0,
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT,
NULL);
exec_state_init();
files_cachep = kmem_cache_create("files_cache",
sizeof(struct files_struct), 0,
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT,
NULL);
fs_cachep = kmem_cache_create("fs_cache",
sizeof(struct fs_struct), 0,
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT,
NULL);
mmap_init();
nsproxy_cache_init();
}
/*
* Check constraints on flags passed to the unshare system call.
*/
static int check_unshare_flags(unsigned long unshare_flags)
{
if (unshare_flags & ~(CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_FS|CLONE_SIGHAND|
CLONE_VM|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SYSVSEM|
CLONE_NS_ALL | UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS))
return -EINVAL;
/*
* Not implemented, but pretend it works if there is nothing
* to unshare. Note that unsharing the address space or the
* signal handlers also need to unshare the signal queues (aka
* CLONE_THREAD).
*/
if (unshare_flags & (CLONE_THREAD | CLONE_SIGHAND | CLONE_VM)) {
if (!thread_group_empty(current))
return -EINVAL;
}
if (unshare_flags & (CLONE_SIGHAND | CLONE_VM)) {
if (refcount_read(&current->sighand->count) > 1)
return -EINVAL;
}
if (unshare_flags & CLONE_VM) {
if (!current_is_single_threaded())
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Unshare the filesystem structure if it is being shared
*/
static int unshare_fs(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct fs_struct **new_fsp)
{
struct fs_struct *fs = current->fs;
if (!(unshare_flags & CLONE_FS) || !fs)
return 0;
/* don't need lock here; in the worst case we'll do useless copy */
if (!(unshare_flags & CLONE_NEWNS) && fs->users == 1)
return 0;
*new_fsp = copy_fs_struct(fs);
if (!*new_fsp)
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
}
/*
* Unshare file descriptor table if it is being shared
*/
static int unshare_fd(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct files_struct **new_fdp)
{
struct files_struct *fd = current->files;
if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_FILES) &&
(fd && atomic_read(&fd->count) > 1)) {
fd = dup_fd(fd, NULL);
if (IS_ERR(fd))
return PTR_ERR(fd);
*new_fdp = fd;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* unshare allows a process to 'unshare' part of the process
* context which was originally shared using clone. copy_*
* functions used by kernel_clone() cannot be used here directly
* because they modify an inactive task_struct that is being
* constructed. Here we are modifying the current, active,
* task_struct.
*/
int ksys_unshare(unsigned long unshare_flags)
{
struct fs_struct *new_fs = NULL;
struct files_struct *new_fd = NULL;
struct cred *new_cred = NULL;
struct nsproxy *new_nsproxy = NULL;
int do_sysvsem = 0;
int err;
/*
* If unsharing a user namespace must also unshare the thread group
* and unshare the filesystem root and working directories.
*/
if (unshare_flags & CLONE_NEWUSER)
unshare_flags |= CLONE_THREAD | CLONE_FS;
/*
* If unsharing vm, must also unshare signal handlers.
*/
if (unshare_flags & CLONE_VM)
unshare_flags |= CLONE_SIGHAND;
/*
* If unsharing a signal handlers, must also unshare the signal queues.
*/
if (unshare_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND)
unshare_flags |= CLONE_THREAD;
/*
* If unsharing namespace, must also unshare filesystem information.
*/
if (unshare_flags & UNSHARE_EMPTY_MNTNS)
unshare_flags |= CLONE_NEWNS;
if (unshare_flags & CLONE_NEWNS)
unshare_flags |= CLONE_FS;
/* No unsharing with overriden fs state */
VFS_WARN_ON_ONCE(unshare_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS | CLONE_FS) &&
current->fs != current->real_fs);
err = check_unshare_flags(unshare_flags);
if (err)
goto bad_unshare_out;
/*
* CLONE_NEWIPC must also detach from the undolist: after switching
* to a new ipc namespace, the semaphore arrays from the old
* namespace are unreachable.
*/
if (unshare_flags & (CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_SYSVSEM))
do_sysvsem = 1;
err = unshare_fs(unshare_flags, &new_fs);
if (err)
goto bad_unshare_out;
err = unshare_fd(unshare_flags, &new_fd);
if (err)
goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fs;
err = unshare_userns(unshare_flags, &new_cred);
if (err)
goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fd;
err = unshare_nsproxy_namespaces(unshare_flags, &new_nsproxy,
new_cred, new_fs);
if (err)
goto bad_unshare_cleanup_cred;
if (new_cred) {
err = set_cred_ucounts(new_cred);
if (err)
goto bad_unshare_cleanup_nsproxy;
}
if (new_fs || new_fd || do_sysvsem || new_cred || new_nsproxy) {
if (do_sysvsem) {
/*
* CLONE_SYSVSEM is equivalent to sys_exit().
*/
exit_sem(current);
}
if (unshare_flags & CLONE_NEWIPC) {
/* Orphan segments in old ns (see sem above). */
exit_shm(current);
shm_init_task(current);
}
if (new_fs) {
new_fs = switch_fs_struct(new_fs);
if (new_fs)
free_fs_struct(no_free_ptr(new_fs));
}
if (new_nsproxy) {
switch_task_namespaces(current, new_nsproxy);
new_nsproxy = NULL;
}
if (new_fd) {
guard(task_lock)(current);
swap(current->files, new_fd);
}
if (new_cred) {
/* Install the new user namespace */
commit_creds(new_cred);
new_cred = NULL;
}
}
perf_event_namespaces(current);
bad_unshare_cleanup_nsproxy:
/* never installed, so no active references to drop */
if (new_nsproxy)
nsproxy_free(new_nsproxy);
bad_unshare_cleanup_cred:
if (new_cred)
put_cred(new_cred);
bad_unshare_cleanup_fd:
if (new_fd)
put_files_struct(new_fd);
bad_unshare_cleanup_fs:
if (new_fs)
free_fs_struct(new_fs);
bad_unshare_out:
return err;
}
SYSCALL_DEFINE1(unshare, unsigned long, unshare_flags)
{
return ksys_unshare(unshare_flags);
}
/*
* Helper to unshare the files of the current task.
* We don't want to expose copy_files internals to
* the exec layer of the kernel.
*/
int unshare_files(void)
{
struct task_struct *task = current;
struct files_struct *old, *copy = NULL;
int error;
error = unshare_fd(CLONE_FILES, &copy);
if (error || !copy)
return error;
old = task->files;
task_lock(task);
task->files = copy;
task_unlock(task);
put_files_struct(old);
return 0;
}
static int sysctl_max_threads(const struct ctl_table *table, int write,
void *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
{
struct ctl_table t;
int ret;
int threads = max_threads;
int min = 1;
int max = MAX_THREADS;
t = *table;
t.data = &threads;
t.extra1 = &min;
t.extra2 = &max;
ret = proc_dointvec_minmax(&t, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
if (ret || !write)
return ret;
max_threads = threads;
return 0;
}
static const struct ctl_table fork_sysctl_table[] = {
{
.procname = "threads-max",
.data = NULL,
.maxlen = sizeof(int),
.mode = 0644,
.proc_handler = sysctl_max_threads,
},
};
static int __init init_fork_sysctl(void)
{
register_sysctl_init("kernel", fork_sysctl_table);
return 0;
}
subsys_initcall(init_fork_sysctl);