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Dave Hansen 2ce5be67d1 x86/apic: Add extra serialization for non-serializing MSRs 
commit 25a068b8e9 upstream.

Jan Kiszka reported that the x2apic_wrmsr_fence() function uses a plain
MFENCE while the Intel SDM (10.12.3 MSR Access in x2APIC Mode) calls for
MFENCE; LFENCE.

Short summary: we have special MSRs that have weaker ordering than all
the rest. Add fencing consistent with current SDM recommendations.

This is not known to cause any issues in practice, only in theory.

Longer story below:

The reason the kernel uses a different semantic is that the SDM changed
(roughly in late 2017). The SDM changed because folks at Intel were
auditing all of the recommended fences in the SDM and realized that the
x2apic fences were insufficient.

Why was the pain MFENCE judged insufficient?

WRMSR itself is normally a serializing instruction. No fences are needed
because the instruction itself serializes everything.

But, there are explicit exceptions for this serializing behavior written
into the WRMSR instruction documentation for two classes of MSRs:
IA32_TSC_DEADLINE and the X2APIC MSRs.

Back to x2apic: WRMSR is *not* serializing in this specific case.
But why is MFENCE insufficient? MFENCE makes writes visible, but
only affects load/store instructions. WRMSR is unfortunately not a
load/store instruction and is unaffected by MFENCE. This means that a
non-serializing WRMSR could be reordered by the CPU to execute before
the writes made visible by the MFENCE have even occurred in the first
place.

This means that an x2apic IPI could theoretically be triggered before
there is any (visible) data to process.

Does this affect anything in practice? I honestly don't know. It seems
quite possible that by the time an interrupt gets to consume the (not
yet) MFENCE'd data, it has become visible, mostly by accident.

To be safe, add the SDM-recommended fences for all x2apic WRMSRs.

This also leaves open the question of the _other_ weakly-ordered WRMSR:
MSR_IA32_TSC_DEADLINE. While it has the same ordering architecture as
the x2APIC MSRs, it seems substantially less likely to be a problem in
practice. While writes to the in-memory Local Vector Table (LVT) might
theoretically be reordered with respect to a weakly-ordered WRMSR like
TSC_DEADLINE, the SDM has this to say:

  In x2APIC mode, the WRMSR instruction is used to write to the LVT
  entry. The processor ensures the ordering of this write and any
  subsequent WRMSR to the deadline; no fencing is required.

But, that might still leave xAPIC exposed. The safest thing to do for
now is to add the extra, recommended LFENCE.

 [ bp: Massage commit message, fix typos, drop accidentally added
   newline to tools/arch/x86/include/asm/barrier.h. ]

Reported-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200305174708.F77040DD@viggo.jf.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2021-02-10 09:29:22 +01:00
arch x86/apic: Add extra serialization for non-serializing MSRs 2021-02-10 09:29:22 +01:00
block blk-mq: test QUEUE_FLAG_HCTX_ACTIVE for sbitmap_shared in hctx_may_queue 2021-02-03 23:28:44 +01:00
certs .gitignore: add SPDX License Identifier 2020-03-25 11:50:48 +01:00
crypto crypto: xor - Fix divide error in do_xor_speed() 2021-01-27 11:54:52 +01:00
Documentation ovl: implement volatile-specific fsync error behaviour 2021-02-10 09:29:16 +01:00
drivers nvme-pci: avoid the deepest sleep state on Kingston A2000 SSDs 2021-02-10 09:29:19 +01:00
fs mm: hugetlbfs: fix cannot migrate the fallocated HugeTLB page 2021-02-10 09:29:20 +01:00
include mm/vmalloc: separate put pages and flush VM flags 2021-02-10 09:29:21 +01:00
init fgraph: Initialize tracing_graph_pause at task creation 2021-02-10 09:29:16 +01:00
ipc ipc: adjust proc_ipc_sem_dointvec definition to match prototype 2020-09-05 12:14:29 -07:00
kernel genirq/msi: Activate Multi-MSI early when MSI_FLAG_ACTIVATE_EARLY is set 2021-02-10 09:29:17 +01:00
lib iov_iter: fix the uaccess area in copy_compat_iovec_from_user 2021-01-27 11:55:09 +01:00
LICENSES LICENSES/deprecated: add Zlib license text 2020-09-16 14:33:49 +02:00
mm mm/filemap: add missing mem_cgroup_uncharge() to __add_to_page_cache_locked() 2021-02-10 09:29:21 +01:00
net mac80211: fix station rate table updates on assoc 2021-02-10 09:29:16 +01:00
samples samples/bpf: Fix possible hang in xdpsock with multiple threads 2020-12-30 11:53:49 +01:00
scripts scripts: use pkg-config to locate libcrypto 2021-02-10 09:29:17 +01:00
security dump_common_audit_data(): fix racy accesses to ->d_name 2021-01-19 18:27:29 +01:00
sound ALSA: hda: Add Cometlake-R PCI ID 2021-02-07 15:37:15 +01:00
tools objtool: Don't fail the kernel build on fatal errors 2021-02-07 15:37:17 +01:00
usr Merge branch 'work.fdpic' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 2020-08-07 13:29:39 -07:00
virt KVM: Forbid the use of tagged userspace addresses for memslots 2021-02-03 23:28:41 +01:00
.clang-format RDMA 5.10 pull request 2020-10-17 11:18:18 -07:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.get_maintainer.ignore Opt out of scripts/get_maintainer.pl 2019-05-16 10:53:40 -07:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: use 'dts' diff driver for dts files 2019-12-04 19:44:11 -08:00
.gitignore .gitignore: docs: ignore sphinx_*/ directories 2020-09-10 10:44:31 -06:00
.mailmap mailmap: add two more addresses of Uwe Kleine-König 2020-12-06 10:19:07 -08:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS MAINTAINERS: Move Jason Cooper to CREDITS 2020-11-30 10:20:34 +01:00
Kbuild kbuild: rename hostprogs-y/always to hostprogs/always-y 2020-02-04 01:53:07 +09:00
Kconfig kbuild: ensure full rebuild when the compiler is updated 2020-05-12 13:28:33 +09:00
MAINTAINERS Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net 2020-12-10 15:30:13 -08:00
Makefile x86/build: Disable CET instrumentation in the kernel 2021-02-10 09:29:21 +01:00
README Drop all 00-INDEX files from Documentation/ 2018-09-09 15:08:58 -06:00

README 

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.

In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``.  The formatted documentation can also be read online at:

    https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.

Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.