linux/net/sched
Jamal Hadi Salim a347304b2c net/sched: cls_api: Always acquire rtnl_lock when destroying locked classifiers
Another challenge with unlocked filters.
There is a short window in tc_new_tfilter where a tcf_proto can be found
and briefly referenced by a totally unrelated, unlocked classifier's request
and cause a race.

Feng created a poc which created this race with two threads, one creating a
u32 filter and other a flower filter in the same chain/prio:

1. Both threads enter tc_new_tfilter, both find the chain empty, both
   drop filter_chain_lock
2. u32 finishes tcf_proto_create("u32") first, calls
   tcf_chain_tp_insert_unique() -> inserts u32_tp into the chain
3. flower finishes tcf_proto_create("flower") later, calls
   tcf_chain_tp_insert_unique() -> tcf_chain_tp_find() now sees u32_tp
   already there, takes a reference on it, destroys flower's own tp_new
   and returns u32_tp to the caller.

Flower then hits the kind mismatch check (because it requested for kind
"flower" but tp->ops->kind is "u32") and goes through the errout path
which calls tcf_proto_put() on u32_tp. If the u32 thread has already
gone through its own errout (its change() call failed on the PoC's empty
options) and dropped its create and insert refs, flower's put is the
last one and drops u32_tp's refcnt to zero.

At this point tp->ops->destroy() runs in a context that never took
rtnl_lock. When that happens, it might cause a UAF like the following
(illustrated by the PoC):

[  +0.000710] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in u32_init (net/sched/cls_u32.c:393)
[  +0.000281] Read of size 8 at addr ffff888120022f00 by task poc_feng_xue/524

  Call Trace:
   u32_init (net/sched/cls_u32.c:393)
   tc_new_tfilter (net/sched/cls_api.c:2378)

  Allocated by task 526:
   u32_init (net/sched/cls_u32.c:378)
   tc_new_tfilter (net/sched/cls_api.c:2378)

  Freed by task 522:
   kfree
   u32_destroy (net/sched/cls_u32.c:662)
   tcf_proto_destroy (net/sched/cls_api.c:446)
   tcf_proto_put (net/sched/cls_api.c:459)
   tc_new_tfilter (net/sched/cls_api.c:2459)

Fix this by having tcf_proto_destroy() take rtnl_lock around
tp->ops->destroy() for locked classifiers whenever rtnl is not held.

To explain why I used a temp variable "not_lockless" I'd like to point to a
semi-related note on rtnl_held vs TCF_PROTO_OPS_DOIT_UNLOCKED (adding here
for future cleanup if deemed necessary):
The rtnl_held parameter and the TCF_PROTO_OPS_DOIT_UNLOCKED flag are
redundant sources of truth for whether rtnl_lock is held. Among the nine
classifier destroy(..rtnl_held..) callbacks, only flower consults the
rtnl_held parameter which it propagates to tc_setup_cb_destroy()
and tc_setup_cb_call(). The other eight (u32, flow, bpf, cgroup, route, basic,
fw, mall) ignore it entirely;-> those that call tc_setup_cb_destroy()
(u32, bpf, mall) hardcode true always instead of forwarding the parameter.

A future cleanup should remove the rtnl_held parameter from the destroy callback
signature entirely and have callers rely solely on their knowledge whether
they are running in an unlocked context.

Fixes: 12db03b65c ("net: sched: extend proto ops to support unlocked classifiers")
Reported-by: Feng Xue <feng.xue@outlook.com>
Tested-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260801125632.360365-1-jhs@mojatatu.com
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2026-08-04 16:35:45 +02:00
..
act_api.c net/sched: act_pedit: fix TOCTOU heap OOB write in tc offload 2026-07-06 12:52:01 +02:00
act_bpf.c net/sched: act_bpf: use rcu_dereference_bh() to read the filter 2026-06-30 18:27:26 -07:00
act_connmark.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
act_csum.c net/sched: act_csum: don't mangle UDP tunnel GSO packets 2026-06-14 13:27:39 +02:00
act_ct.c net/sched: act_ct: fix nf_connlabels leak on two error paths 2026-06-21 15:00:47 -07:00
act_ctinfo.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
act_gact.c net/sched: Add module aliases for cls_,sch_,act_ modules 2024-02-02 10:57:55 -08:00
act_gate.c net/sched: act_gate: snapshot parameters with RCU on replace 2026-02-27 16:10:36 -08:00
act_ife.c net/sched: add qstats_cpu_drop_inc() helper 2026-05-04 18:59:07 -07:00
act_meta_mark.c
act_meta_skbprio.c
act_meta_skbtcindex.c
act_mirred.c net/sched: act_mirred: Fix return code in early mirred redirect error paths 2026-05-28 12:26:36 +02:00
act_mpls.c net/sched: add qstats_cpu_drop_inc() helper 2026-05-04 18:59:07 -07:00
act_nat.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
act_pedit.c net/sched: act_pedit: fix TOCTOU heap OOB write in tc offload 2026-07-06 12:52:01 +02:00
act_police.c net/sched: add qstats_cpu_drop_inc() helper 2026-05-04 18:59:07 -07:00
act_sample.c net: sched: act_sample: add action cookie to sample 2024-07-05 17:45:47 -07:00
act_simple.c net/sched: Remove redundant memset(0) call in reset_policy() 2025-08-12 17:13:29 -07:00
act_skbedit.c net/sched: add qstats_cpu_drop_inc() helper 2026-05-04 18:59:07 -07:00
act_skbmod.c net/sched: rename qstats_overlimit_inc() to qstats_cpu_overlimit_inc() 2026-04-29 16:42:44 -07:00
act_tunnel_key.c net/sched: act_tunnel_key: Defer dst_release to RCU callback 2026-07-17 12:13:20 +02:00
act_vlan.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
bpf_qdisc.c bpf: net_sched: Use the correct destructor kfunc type 2026-01-12 18:53:57 -08:00
cls_api.c net/sched: cls_api: Always acquire rtnl_lock when destroying locked classifiers 2026-08-04 16:35:45 +02:00
cls_basic.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
cls_bpf.c net/sched: cls_bpf: prevent unbounded recursion in offload rollback 2026-05-27 17:46:35 -07:00
cls_cgroup.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
cls_flow.c net/sched: cls_flow: Dont expose folded kernel pointers 2026-06-11 15:04:56 -07:00
cls_flower.c net/sched: cls_flower: revert unintended changes 2026-04-30 13:47:01 +02:00
cls_fw.c net/sched: cls_fw: fix NULL dereference of "old" filters before change() 2026-04-12 08:49:13 -07:00
cls_matchall.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
cls_route.c net/sched: cls_route: fix fastmap use-after-free on filter 2026-07-31 17:26:40 -07:00
cls_u32.c net/sched: cls_u32: validate offshift to prevent shift-out-of-bounds 2026-07-28 11:18:58 +02:00
em_canid.c net/sched: em_canid: fix uninit-value in em_canid_match 2025-11-26 16:28:10 +01:00
em_cmp.c net: sched: fix TCF_LAYER_TRANSPORT handling in tcf_get_base_ptr() 2025-11-24 18:53:14 -08:00
em_ipset.c
em_ipt.c
em_meta.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
em_nbyte.c net: sched: fix TCF_LAYER_TRANSPORT handling in tcf_get_base_ptr() 2025-11-24 18:53:14 -08:00
em_text.c Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument 2026-02-21 17:09:51 -08:00
em_u32.c net: fill in MODULE_DESCRIPTION()s for net/sched 2024-02-09 14:12:02 -08:00
ematch.c
Kconfig sched: Add enqueue/dequeue of dualpi2 qdisc 2025-07-23 17:52:07 -07:00
Makefile sched: Add enqueue/dequeue of dualpi2 qdisc 2025-07-23 17:52:07 -07:00
sch_api.c net/sched: serialize qdisc_rtab_list against concurrent get/put 2026-07-22 15:07:53 -07:00
sch_blackhole.c
sch_cake.c net/sched: sch_cake: drop WARN_ON(1) for malformed packets in ACK filter 2026-08-03 18:44:20 -07:00
sch_cbs.c net: sched: avoid printing uninitialized link speed 2026-06-11 15:44:55 +02:00
sch_choke.c net/sched: add qdisc_qlen_inc() and qdisc_qlen_dec() 2026-05-11 18:28:07 -07:00
sch_codel.c Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net 2026-06-16 14:59:58 -07:00
sch_drr.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_dualpi2.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_etf.c net/sched: add qdisc_qlen_inc() and qdisc_qlen_dec() 2026-05-11 18:28:07 -07:00
sch_ets.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_fifo.c pfifo_tail_enqueue: Drop new packet when sch->limit == 0 2025-02-05 18:13:58 -08:00
sch_fq_codel.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_fq_pie.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_fq.c net_sched: sch_fq: convert skb->tstamp if not monotonic 2026-06-08 16:00:06 -07:00
sch_frag.c net: convert remaining ipv6_stub users to direct function calls 2026-03-29 11:21:23 -07:00
sch_generic.c net: do not acquire dev->tx_global_lock in netdev_watchdog_up() 2026-06-23 14:40:33 -07:00
sch_gred.c net/sched: annotate data-races around sch->qstats.backlog 2026-05-11 18:28:07 -07:00
sch_hfsc.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_hhf.c net/sched: hhf: clear heavy-hitter state on reset 2026-07-01 09:09:38 +01:00
sch_htb.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_ingress.c clsact: Fix use-after-free in init/destroy rollback asymmetry 2026-03-17 12:09:16 +01:00
sch_mq.c net/sched: mq: no longer acquire qdisc spinlocks in dump operations 2026-05-11 18:28:08 -07:00
sch_mqprio_lib.c net: sched: Fill in missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION for qdiscs 2023-11-01 21:49:09 -07:00
sch_mqprio_lib.h
sch_mqprio.c net/sched: mq_prio: no longer acquire qdisc spinlocks in mqprio_dump_class_stats() 2026-05-11 18:28:08 -07:00
sch_multiq.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_netem.c Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net 2026-05-28 14:02:21 -07:00
sch_pie.c net/sched: sch_pie: annotate more data-races in pie_dump_stats() 2026-05-01 17:54:57 -07:00
sch_plug.c net/sched: Add module aliases for cls_,sch_,act_ modules 2024-02-02 10:57:55 -08:00
sch_prio.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_qfq.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_red.c net/sched: annotate data-races around sch->qstats.backlog 2026-05-11 18:28:07 -07:00
sch_sfb.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_sfq.c net/sched: Handle TC_ACT_REDIRECT from qdisc filter chains 2026-07-20 18:16:43 -07:00
sch_skbprio.c net/sched: add qdisc_qlen_inc() and qdisc_qlen_dec() 2026-05-11 18:28:07 -07:00
sch_taprio.c net/sched: sch_taprio: Replace direct dequeue call with peek and qdisc_dequeue_peeked 2026-06-26 18:52:26 -07:00
sch_tbf.c net/sched: tbf: add extack to offload params 2026-05-22 17:23:37 -07:00
sch_teql.c net/sched: sch_teql: move rcu_read_lock()/spin_lock() from _bh variants 2026-07-03 16:02:38 +02:00