* improve debugability of reserve_mem kernel parameter handling with print
outs in case of a failure and debugfs info showing what was actually
reserved
* Make memblock_free_late() and free_reserved_area() use the same core
logic for freeing the memory to buddy and ensure it takes care of
updating memblock arrays when ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK is enabled.
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Merge tag 'memblock-v7.1-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rppt/memblock
Pull memblock updates from Mike Rapoport:
- improve debuggability of reserve_mem kernel parameter handling with
print outs in case of a failure and debugfs info showing what was
actually reserved
- Make memblock_free_late() and free_reserved_area() use the same core
logic for freeing the memory to buddy and ensure it takes care of
updating memblock arrays when ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK is enabled.
* tag 'memblock-v7.1-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rppt/memblock:
x86/alternative: delay freeing of smp_locks section
memblock: warn when freeing reserved memory before memory map is initialized
memblock, treewide: make memblock_free() handle late freeing
memblock: make free_reserved_area() update memblock if ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK=y
memblock: extract page freeing from free_reserved_area() into a helper
memblock: make free_reserved_area() more robust
mm: move free_reserved_area() to mm/memblock.c
powerpc: opal-core: pair alloc_pages_exact() with free_pages_exact()
powerpc: fadump: pair alloc_pages_exact() with free_pages_exact()
memblock: reserve_mem: fix end caclulation in reserve_mem_release_by_name()
memblock: move reserve_bootmem_range() to memblock.c and make it static
memblock: Add reserve_mem debugfs info
memblock: Print out errors on reserve_mem parser
CONFIG_CRASH_DM_CRYPT has been introduced to support LUKS-encrypted
device dump target by addressing two challenges [1],
- Kdump kernel may not be able to decrypt the LUKS partition. For some
machines, a system administrator may not have a chance to enter the
password to decrypt the device in kdump initramfs after the 1st kernel
crashes
- LUKS2 by default use the memory-hard Argon2 key derivation function
which is quite memory-consuming compared to the limited memory reserved
for kdump.
To also enable this feature for ARM64 and PowerPC, the missing piece is to
let the kdump kernel know where to find the dm-crypt keys which are
randomly stored in memory reserved for kdump. Introduce a new device tree
property dmcryptkeys [2] as similar to elfcorehdr to pass the memory
address of the stored info of dm-crypt keys to the kdump kernel. Since
this property is only needed by the kdump kernel, it won't be exposed to
userspace.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260225060347.718905-4-coxu@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250502011246.99238-1-coxu@redhat.com/ [1]
Link: https://github.com/devicetree-org/dt-schema/pull/181 [2]
Signed-off-by: Coiby Xu <coxu@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rob Herring (Arm) <robh@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Sourabh Jain <sourabhjain@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Arnaud Lefebvre <arnaud.lefebvre@clever-cloud.com>
Cc: Baoquan he <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Kairui Song <ryncsn@gmail.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzk@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Staudt <tstaudt@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Christophe Leroy (CS GROUP) <chleroy@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
It shouldn't be responsibility of memblock users to detect if they free
memory allocated from memblock late and should use memblock_free_late().
Make memblock_free() and memblock_phys_free() take care of late memory
freeing and drop memblock_free_late().
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260323074836.3653702-9-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
We now have all bits in place to support KHO kexecs. Add awareness of KHO
in the kexec file as well as boot path for arm64 and adds the respective
kconfig option to the architecture so that it can use KHO successfully.
Changes to the "chosen" node have been sent to
https://github.com/devicetree-org/dt-schema/pull/158.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20250509074635.3187114-10-changyuanl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Co-developed-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Co-developed-by: Changyuan Lyu <changyuanl@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Changyuan Lyu <changyuanl@google.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Anthony Yznaga <anthony.yznaga@oracle.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Ashish Kalra <ashish.kalra@amd.com>
Cc: Ben Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Borislav Betkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: James Gowans <jgowans@amazon.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzk@kernel.org>
Cc: Marc Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Pasha Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@soleen.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Pratyush Yadav <ptyadav@amazon.de>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: Saravana Kannan <saravanak@google.com>
Cc: Stanislav Kinsburskii <skinsburskii@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleinxer <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Thomas Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
__pa() is only intended to be used for linear map addresses and using
it for initial_boot_params which is in fixmap for arm64 will give an
incorrect value. Hence save the physical address when it is known at
boot time when calling early_init_dt_scan for arm64 and use it at kexec
time instead of converting the virtual address using __pa().
Note that arm64 doesn't need the FDT region reserved in the DT as the
kernel explicitly reserves the passed in FDT. Therefore, only a debug
warning is fixed with this change.
Reported-by: Breno Leitao <leitao@debian.org>
Suggested-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Usama Arif <usamaarif642@gmail.com>
Fixes: ac10be5cdb ("arm64: Use common of_kexec_alloc_and_setup_fdt()")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20241023171426.452688-1-usamaarif642@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring (Arm) <robh@kernel.org>
Now crash codes under kernel/ folder has been split out from kexec
code, crash dumping can be separated from kexec reboot in config
items on arm64 with some adjustments.
Here wrap up crash dumping codes with CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP ifdeffery.
[bhe@redhat.com: fix building error in generic codes]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240129135033.157195-2-bhe@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240124051254.67105-8-bhe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Hari Bathini <hbathini@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <piliu@redhat.com>
Cc: Klara Modin <klarasmodin@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Kelley <mhklinux@outlook.com>
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Yang Li <yang.lee@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
The code calling ima_free_kexec_buffer runs long after the memblock
allocator has already been torn down, potentially resulting in a use
after free in memblock_isolate_range.
With KASAN or KFENCE, this use after free will result in a BUG
from the idle task, and a subsequent kernel panic.
Switch ima_free_kexec_buffer over to memblock_free_late to avoid
that issue.
Fixes: fee3ff99bc ("powerpc: Move arch independent ima kexec functions to drivers/of/kexec.c")
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Suggested-by: Mike Rappoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230817135759.0888e5ef@imladris.surriel.com
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
"linux,initrd-start" and "linux,initrd-end" can be 32-bit values even on
a 64-bit platform. Ideally, the size should be based on
'#address-cells', but that has never been enforced in the kernel's FDT
boot parsing code (early_init_dt_check_for_initrd()). Bootloader
behavior is known to vary. For example, kexec always writes these as
64-bit. The result of incorrectly reading 32-bit values is most likely
the reserved memory for the original initrd will still be reserved
for the new kernel. The original arm64 equivalent of this code failed to
release the initrd reserved memory in *all* cases.
Use of_read_number() to mirror the early_init_dt_check_for_initrd()
code.
Fixes: b30be4dc73 ("of: Add a common kexec FDT setup function")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Peter Maydell <peter.maydell@linaro.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221128202440.1411895-1-robh@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Bindings:
- Add spi-peripheral-props.yaml references to various SPI device
bindings
- Convert qcom,pm8916-wdt, ds1307, Qualcomm BAM DMA, is31fl319x,
skyworks,aat1290, Rockchip EMAC, gpio-ir-receiver, ahci-ceva, Arm CCN
PMU, rda,8810pl-intc, sil,sii9022, ps2-gpio, and arm-firmware-suite
bindings to DT schema format
- New bindings for Arm virtual platforms display, Qualcomm IMEM memory
region, Samsung S5PV210 ChipID, EM Microelectronic EM3027 RTC, and
arm,cortex-a78ae
- Add vendor prefixes for asrock, bytedance, hxt, ingrasys, inventec,
quanta, and densitron
- Add missing MSI and IOMMU properties to host-generic-pci
- Remove bindings for removed EFM32 platform
- Remove old chosen.txt binding (replaced by schema)
- Treewide add missing type information for properties
- Treewide fixing of typos and its vs. it's in bindings. Its all good
now.
- Drop unnecessary quoting in power related schemas
- Several LED binding updates which didn't get picked up
- Move various bindings to proper directories
DT core code:
- Convert unittest GPIO related tests to use fwnode
- Check ima-kexec-buffer against memory bounds
- Print reserved-memory allocation/reservation failures as errors
- Cleanup early_init_dt_reserve_memory_arch()
- Simplify of_overlay_fdt_apply() tail
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Merge tag 'devicetree-for-6.0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/robh/linux
Pull devicetree updates from Rob Herring:
"Bindings:
- Add spi-peripheral-props.yaml references to various SPI device
bindings
- Convert qcom,pm8916-wdt, ds1307, Qualcomm BAM DMA, is31fl319x,
skyworks,aat1290, Rockchip EMAC, gpio-ir-receiver, ahci-ceva, Arm
CCN PMU, rda,8810pl-intc, sil,sii9022, ps2-gpio, and
arm-firmware-suite bindings to DT schema format
- New bindings for Arm virtual platforms display, Qualcomm IMEM
memory region, Samsung S5PV210 ChipID, EM Microelectronic EM3027
RTC, and arm,cortex-a78ae
- Add vendor prefixes for asrock, bytedance, hxt, ingrasys, inventec,
quanta, and densitron
- Add missing MSI and IOMMU properties to host-generic-pci
- Remove bindings for removed EFM32 platform
- Remove old chosen.txt binding (replaced by schema)
- Treewide add missing type information for properties
- Treewide fixing of typos and its vs. it's in bindings. Its all good
now.
- Drop unnecessary quoting in power related schemas
- Several LED binding updates which didn't get picked up
- Move various bindings to proper directories
DT core code:
- Convert unittest GPIO related tests to use fwnode
- Check ima-kexec-buffer against memory bounds
- Print reserved-memory allocation/reservation failures as errors
- Cleanup early_init_dt_reserve_memory_arch()
- Simplify of_overlay_fdt_apply() tail"
* tag 'devicetree-for-6.0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/robh/linux: (65 commits)
dt-bindings: mtd: microchip,mchp48l640: use spi-peripheral-props.yaml
dt-bindings: power: supply: drop quotes when not needed
dt-bindings: power: reset: drop quotes when not needed
dt-bindings: power: drop quotes when not needed
dt-bindings: PCI: host-generic-pci: Allow IOMMU and MSI properties
of/fdt: declared return type does not match actual return type
devicetree/bindings: correct possessive "its" typos
dt-bindings: net: convert emac_rockchip.txt to YAML
dt-bindings: eeprom: microchip,93lc46b: move to eeprom directory
dt-bindings: eeprom: at25: use spi-peripheral-props.yaml
dt-bindings: display: use spi-peripheral-props.yaml
dt-bindings: watchdog: qcom,pm8916-wdt: convert to dtschema
dt-bindings: power: reset: qcom,pon: use absolute path to other schema
dt-bindings: iio/dac: adi,ad5766: Add missing type to 'output-range-microvolts'
dt-bindings: power: supply: charger-manager: Add missing type for 'cm-battery-stat'
dt-bindings: panel: raydium,rm67191: Add missing type to 'video-mode'
of/fdt: Clean up early_init_dt_reserve_memory_arch()
dt-bindings: PCI: fsl,imx6q-pcie: Add missing type for 'reset-gpio-active-high'
dt-bindings: rtc: Add EM Microelectronic EM3027 bindings
dt-bindings: rtc: ds1307: Convert to json-schema
...
On kexec file load, the Integrity Measurement Architecture (IMA)
subsystem may verify the IMA signature of the kernel and initramfs, and
measure it. The command line parameters passed to the kernel in the
kexec call may also be measured by IMA.
A remote attestation service can verify a TPM quote based on the TPM
event log, the IMA measurement list and the TPM PCR data. This can
be achieved only if the IMA measurement log is carried over from the
current kernel to the next kernel across the kexec call.
PowerPC and ARM64 both achieve this using device tree with a
"linux,ima-kexec-buffer" node. x86 platforms generally don't make use of
device tree, so use the setup_data mechanism to pass the IMA buffer to
the new kernel.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan McDowell <noodles@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com> # IMA function definitions
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/YmKyvlF3my1yWTvK@noodles-fedora-PC23Y6EG
Presently ima_get_kexec_buffer() doesn't check if the previous kernel's
ima-kexec-buffer lies outside the addressable memory range. This can result
in a kernel panic if the new kernel is booted with 'mem=X' arg and the
ima-kexec-buffer was allocated beyond that range by the previous kernel.
The panic is usually of the form below:
$ sudo kexec --initrd initrd vmlinux --append='mem=16G'
<snip>
BUG: Unable to handle kernel data access on read at 0xc000c01fff7f0000
Faulting instruction address: 0xc000000000837974
Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1]
<snip>
NIP [c000000000837974] ima_restore_measurement_list+0x94/0x6c0
LR [c00000000083b55c] ima_load_kexec_buffer+0xac/0x160
Call Trace:
[c00000000371fa80] [c00000000083b55c] ima_load_kexec_buffer+0xac/0x160
[c00000000371fb00] [c0000000020512c4] ima_init+0x80/0x108
[c00000000371fb70] [c0000000020514dc] init_ima+0x4c/0x120
[c00000000371fbf0] [c000000000012240] do_one_initcall+0x60/0x2c0
[c00000000371fcc0] [c000000002004ad0] kernel_init_freeable+0x344/0x3ec
[c00000000371fda0] [c0000000000128a4] kernel_init+0x34/0x1b0
[c00000000371fe10] [c00000000000ce64] ret_from_kernel_thread+0x5c/0x64
Instruction dump:
f92100b8 f92100c0 90e10090 910100a0 4182050c 282a0017 3bc00000 40810330
7c0802a6 fb610198 7c9b2378 f80101d0 <a1240000> 2c090001 40820614 e9240010
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
Fix this issue by checking returned PFN range of previous kernel's
ima-kexec-buffer with page_is_ram() to ensure correct memory bounds.
Fixes: 467d278249 ("powerpc: ima: get the kexec buffer passed by the previous kernel")
Cc: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Prakhar Srivastava <prsriva@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@linux.microsoft.com>
Cc: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: Ritesh Harjani <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vaibhav Jain <vaibhav@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220531041446.3334259-1-vaibhav@linux.ibm.com
When "crashkernel=X,high" is used, there may be two crash regions:
high=crashk_res and low=crashk_low_res. But now the syscall
kexec_file_load() only add crashk_res into "linux,usable-memory-range",
this may cause the second kernel to have no available dma memory.
Fix it like kexec-tools does for option -c, add both 'high' and 'low'
regions into the dtb.
Signed-off-by: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506114402.365-6-thunder.leizhen@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Since memblock_free() operates on a physical range, make its name
reflect it and rename it to memblock_phys_free(), so it will be a
logical counterpart to memblock_phys_alloc().
The callers are updated with the below semantic patch:
@@
expression addr;
expression size;
@@
- memblock_free(addr, size);
+ memblock_phys_free(addr, size);
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210930185031.18648-6-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Shahab Vahedi <Shahab.Vahedi@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Not all files in the kernel should include mm.h. Migrating callers from
kmalloc to kvmalloc is easier if the kvmalloc functions are in slab.h.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: move the new kvrealloc() also]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: drivers/hwmon/occ/p9_sbe.c needs slab.h]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210622215757.3525604-1-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
fdt_appendprop_addrrange() function adds a property, with the given name,
to the device tree at the given node offset, and also sets the address
and size of the property. This function should be used to add
"linux,ima-kexec-buffer" property to the device tree and set the address
and size of the IMA measurement buffer, instead of using custom function.
Use fdt_appendprop_addrrange() to add "linux,ima-kexec-buffer" property
to the device tree. This property holds the address and size of
the IMA measurement buffer that needs to be passed from the current
kernel to the next kernel across kexec system call.
Remove custom code that is used in setup_ima_buffer() to add
"linux,ima-kexec-buffer" property to the device tree.
Co-developed-by: Prakhar Srivastava <prsriva@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Prakhar Srivastava <prsriva@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@linux.microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210221174930.27324-12-nramas@linux.microsoft.com
The functions defined in "arch/powerpc/kexec/ima.c" handle setting up
and freeing the resources required to carry over the IMA measurement
list from the current kernel to the next kernel across kexec system call.
These functions do not have architecture specific code, but are
currently limited to powerpc.
Move remove_ima_buffer() and setup_ima_buffer() calls into
of_kexec_alloc_and_setup_fdt() defined in "drivers/of/kexec.c".
Move the remaining architecture independent functions from
"arch/powerpc/kexec/ima.c" to "drivers/of/kexec.c".
Delete "arch/powerpc/kexec/ima.c" and "arch/powerpc/include/asm/ima.h".
Remove references to the deleted files and functions in powerpc and
in ima.
Co-developed-by: Prakhar Srivastava <prsriva@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Prakhar Srivastava <prsriva@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@linux.microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210221174930.27324-11-nramas@linux.microsoft.com
Both arm64 and powerpc do essentially the same FDT /chosen setup for
kexec. The differences are either omissions that arm64 should have
or additional properties that will be ignored. The setup code can be
combined and shared by both powerpc and arm64.
The differences relative to the arm64 version:
- If /chosen doesn't exist, it will be created (should never happen).
- Any old dtb and initrd reserved memory will be released.
- The new initrd and elfcorehdr are marked reserved.
- "linux,booted-from-kexec" is set.
The differences relative to the powerpc version:
- "kaslr-seed" and "rng-seed" may be set.
- "linux,elfcorehdr" is set.
- Any existing "linux,usable-memory-range" is removed.
Combine the code for setting up the /chosen node in the FDT and updating
the memory reservation for kexec, for powerpc and arm64, in
of_kexec_alloc_and_setup_fdt() and move it to "drivers/of/kexec.c".
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@linux.microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: Thiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210221174930.27324-6-nramas@linux.microsoft.com
