hwmon: (occ) unregister sysfs devices outside occ lock

occ_active(false) and occ_shutdown() unregister sysfs-backed devices while
occ->lock is held.  hwmon_device_unregister() and sysfs_remove_group() can
wait for active sysfs callbacks to drain, and those callbacks can enter the
OCC update path and try to take occ->lock again.  That gives the unregister
paths the lock ordering occ->lock -> sysfs callback drain, while a callback
has the opposite edge sysfs callback -> occ->lock.

This issue was found by our static analysis tool and then manually
reviewed against the current tree.

The grounded PoC kept the real unregister and callback carrier:

  occ_shutdown()
  hwmon_device_unregister()
  occ_show_temp_1()
  occ_update_response()

Lockdep reported the circular dependency with occ_shutdown() already
holding the OCC mutex and hwmon_device_unregister() waiting on the sysfs
side:

  WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
  ... (sysfs_lock) ... at: hwmon_device_unregister+0x12/0x30 [vuln_msv]
  ... (&test_occ.lock) ... at: occ_shutdown.constprop.0+0xe/0x40 [vuln_msv]
  occ_update_response.isra.0+0xb/0x20 [vuln_msv]
  occ_show_temp_1.constprop.0.isra.0+0x23/0x40 [vuln_msv]
  *** DEADLOCK ***

Serialize hwmon registration and removal with a separate hwmon_lock.
Under that lock, detach occ->hwmon and update occ->active while occ->lock
is held so concurrent OCC state changes still see a stable state, then
drop occ->lock before calling hwmon_device_unregister().  Remove the
driver sysfs group before taking occ->lock in occ_shutdown(), so draining
the driver attributes cannot wait while the OCC mutex is held.  Also make
OCC update callbacks return -ENODEV after deactivation, so callbacks that
already passed sysfs active protection do not poll the hardware after
teardown has detached the hwmon device.

Fixes: 849b0156d9 ("hwmon: (occ) Delay hwmon registration until user request")
Fixes: ac6888ac5a ("hwmon: (occ) Lock mutex in shutdown to prevent race with occ_active")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Runyu Xiao <runyu.xiao@seu.edu.cn>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260619015938.494464-1-runyu.xiao@seu.edu.cn
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>

drivers/hwmon/occ/common.c

@@ -214,6 +214,11 @@ int occ_update_response(struct occ *occ)
 	if (rc)
 		return rc;
 
+	if (!occ->active) {
+		rc = -ENODEV;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+
 	/* limit the maximum rate of polling the OCC */
 	if (time_after(jiffies, occ->next_update)) {
 		rc = occ_poll(occ);
@@ -222,6 +227,7 @@ int occ_update_response(struct occ *occ)
 		rc = occ->last_error;
 	}
 
+unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&occ->lock);
 	return rc;
 }
@@ -1105,11 +1111,16 @@ static void occ_parse_poll_response(struct occ *occ)
 
 int occ_active(struct occ *occ, bool active)
 {
-	int rc = mutex_lock_interruptible(&occ->lock);
+	struct device *hwmon = NULL;
+	int rc = mutex_lock_interruptible(&occ->hwmon_lock);
 
 	if (rc)
 		return rc;
 
+	rc = mutex_lock_interruptible(&occ->lock);
+	if (rc)
+		goto unlock_hwmon;
+
 	if (active) {
 		if (occ->active) {
 			rc = -EALREADY;
@@ -1154,14 +1165,17 @@ int occ_active(struct occ *occ, bool active)
 			goto unlock;
 		}
 
-		if (occ->hwmon)
-			hwmon_device_unregister(occ->hwmon);
+		hwmon = occ->hwmon;
 		occ->active = false;
 		occ->hwmon = NULL;
 	}
 
 unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&occ->lock);
+	if (hwmon)
+		hwmon_device_unregister(hwmon);
+unlock_hwmon:
+	mutex_unlock(&occ->hwmon_lock);
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -1170,6 +1184,7 @@ int occ_setup(struct occ *occ)
 	int rc;
 
 	mutex_init(&occ->lock);
+	mutex_init(&occ->hwmon_lock);
 	occ->groups[0] = &occ->group;
 
 	rc = occ_setup_sysfs(occ);
@@ -1190,15 +1205,22 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(occ_setup);
 
 void occ_shutdown(struct occ *occ)
 {
-	mutex_lock(&occ->lock);
+	struct device *hwmon;
 
 	occ_shutdown_sysfs(occ);
 
-	if (occ->hwmon)
-		hwmon_device_unregister(occ->hwmon);
+	mutex_lock(&occ->hwmon_lock);
+	mutex_lock(&occ->lock);
+
+	hwmon = occ->hwmon;
+	occ->active = false;
 	occ->hwmon = NULL;
 
 	mutex_unlock(&occ->lock);
+
+	if (hwmon)
+		hwmon_device_unregister(hwmon);
+	mutex_unlock(&occ->hwmon_lock);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(occ_shutdown);
 

drivers/hwmon/occ/common.h

@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ struct occ {
 
 	unsigned long next_update;
 	struct mutex lock;		/* lock OCC access */
+	struct mutex hwmon_lock;		/* serialize hwmon registration/removal */
 
 	struct device *hwmon;
 	struct occ_attribute *attrs;