From 5004889551dfaf7f4b2cda8ed213d234bb8ebf82 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Harald Freudenberger Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 10:33:34 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 01/20] s390/zcrypt: Fix CPRB memory allocation in zcrypt misc code Both CPRB alloc functions in zcrypt_ccamisc.c and zcrypt_ep11misc.c did not round up the memory allocation to a multiple of 4 bytes as it is needed by the zcrypt layer to process the CPRBs. Now the alloc_and_prep_cprbmem() and alloc_cprbmem() functions guarantee that the base CPRB struct and a possible parameter block are aligned to a 4-byte boundary and the backing memory allocation is rounded up to the next multiple of 4 byte. Also the free_cprbmem() is updated and scrubs the rounded up amount of memory. Fixes: 9bdb5f7e8369 ("s390/zcrypt: Introduce cprb mempool for cca misc functions") Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger Reviewed-by: Holger Dengler Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 6.16+ Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik --- drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ccamisc.c | 20 ++++++++++++++------ drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ep11misc.c | 16 +++++++++++----- 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ccamisc.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ccamisc.c index 86d2ee78c9f4..d4ce6352b5b2 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ccamisc.c +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ccamisc.c @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include @@ -267,6 +268,10 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(cca_check_sececckeytoken); * block, reply CPRB and reply param block and fill in values * for the common fields. Returns 0 on success or errno value * on failure. + * It is guaranteed that request and a possible param block + * are aligned to a 4 byte boundary. Furthermore if a param + * block is used, the memory allocated for this is rounded up to + * the next multiple of 4 bytes. */ static int alloc_and_prep_cprbmem(size_t paramblen, u8 **p_cprb_mem, @@ -275,7 +280,8 @@ static int alloc_and_prep_cprbmem(size_t paramblen, u32 xflags) { u8 *cprbmem = NULL; - size_t cprbplusparamblen = sizeof(struct CPRBX) + paramblen; + size_t cprbplusparamblen = + ALIGN(sizeof(struct CPRBX), 4) + ALIGN(paramblen, 4); size_t len = 2 * cprbplusparamblen; struct CPRBX *preqcblk, *prepcblk; @@ -302,10 +308,10 @@ static int alloc_and_prep_cprbmem(size_t paramblen, memcpy(preqcblk->func_id, "T2", 2); preqcblk->rpl_msgbl = cprbplusparamblen; if (paramblen) { - preqcblk->req_parmb = - ((u8 __user *)preqcblk) + sizeof(struct CPRBX); - preqcblk->rpl_parmb = - ((u8 __user *)prepcblk) + sizeof(struct CPRBX); + preqcblk->req_parmb = ((u8 __user *)preqcblk) + + ALIGN(sizeof(struct CPRBX), 4); + preqcblk->rpl_parmb = ((u8 __user *)prepcblk) + + ALIGN(sizeof(struct CPRBX), 4); } *p_cprb_mem = cprbmem; @@ -323,8 +329,10 @@ static int alloc_and_prep_cprbmem(size_t paramblen, */ static void free_cprbmem(void *mem, size_t paramblen, bool scrub, u32 xflags) { + size_t cprblen = ALIGN(sizeof(struct CPRBX), 4) + ALIGN(paramblen, 4); + if (mem && scrub) - memzero_explicit(mem, 2 * (sizeof(struct CPRBX) + paramblen)); + memzero_explicit(mem, 2 * cprblen); if (xflags & ZCRYPT_XFLAG_NOMEMALLOC) mempool_free(mem, cprb_mempool); diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ep11misc.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ep11misc.c index 3dda9589f2b9..2d900ffc5068 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ep11misc.c +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_ep11misc.c @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include #include @@ -355,21 +356,24 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(ep11_check_aes_key); /* * Allocate and prepare ep11 cprb plus additional payload. + * It is guaranteed that the memory is aligned to a 4 byte boundary. + * Furthermore the memory allocation is rounded up to the next + * multiple of 4 bytes (with taking the payload_len into account). */ static void *alloc_cprbmem(size_t payload_len, u32 xflags) { - size_t len = sizeof(struct ep11_cprb) + payload_len; + size_t memlen = ALIGN(sizeof(struct ep11_cprb) + payload_len, 4); struct ep11_cprb *cprb = NULL; if (xflags & ZCRYPT_XFLAG_NOMEMALLOC) { - if (len <= CPRB_MEMPOOL_ITEM_SIZE) + if (memlen <= CPRB_MEMPOOL_ITEM_SIZE) cprb = mempool_alloc_preallocated(cprb_mempool); } else { - cprb = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL); + cprb = kmalloc(memlen, GFP_KERNEL); } if (!cprb) return NULL; - memset(cprb, 0, len); + memset(cprb, 0, memlen); cprb->cprb_len = sizeof(struct ep11_cprb); cprb->cprb_ver_id = 0x04; @@ -385,8 +389,10 @@ static void *alloc_cprbmem(size_t payload_len, u32 xflags) */ static void free_cprbmem(void *mem, size_t payload_len, bool scrub, u32 xflags) { + size_t memlen = ALIGN(sizeof(struct ep11_cprb) + payload_len, 4); + if (mem && scrub) - memzero_explicit(mem, sizeof(struct ep11_cprb) + payload_len); + memzero_explicit(mem, memlen); if (xflags & ZCRYPT_XFLAG_NOMEMALLOC) mempool_free(mem, cprb_mempool); From 35ac6754ba6da45fd193f5ce3f665f7490b830d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Harald Freudenberger Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 10:33:35 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 02/20] s390/zcrypt: Improve CCA CPRB length and overflow checks The xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx() function lacks proper input validation, creating security vulnerabilities: 1. Integer overflow after CEIL4 alignment: Signed int variables could overflow during 4-byte boundary alignment, causing undersized buffer allocations or incorrect bounds checking. 2. Missing minimum size validation: The CPRBX structure is copied from userspace without verifying sufficient buffer length. Undersized buffers cause uninitialized memory access when reading structure fields like cprbx.cprb_len and cprbx.domain. 3. Arithmetic overflow in sum calculations: Adding control block and data block sizes could overflow, bypassing size checks and enabling buffer overflows. Fix by using size_t for length calculations, adding U32_MAX boundary checks after alignment, validating minimum control block size before copying from userspace, and detecting sum calculation overflows. Fixes: e2c6d91eb8b1 ("s390/zcrypt: Rework domain processing within zcrypt device driver") Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger Reviewed-by: Holger Dengler Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 7.1+ Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik --- drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c | 79 ++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c index 40f72cdf284d..3e19e79d747c 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c @@ -342,49 +342,39 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap_msg, }; } __packed * msg = ap_msg->msg; - int rcblen = CEIL4(xcrb->request_control_blk_length); - int req_sumlen, resp_sumlen; - char *req_data = ap_msg->msg + sizeof(struct type6_hdr) + rcblen; - char *function_code; + size_t req_cblen, rep_cblen, req_sumlen, rep_sumlen; + char *function_code, *req_data; - if (CEIL4(xcrb->request_control_blk_length) < - xcrb->request_control_blk_length) - return -EINVAL; /* overflow after alignment*/ - - /* length checks */ - ap_msg->len = sizeof(struct type6_hdr) + - CEIL4(xcrb->request_control_blk_length) + - xcrb->request_data_length; + /* request length and overflow checks */ + if (xcrb->request_control_blk_length < sizeof(struct CPRBX)) + return -EINVAL; + req_cblen = CEIL4((size_t)xcrb->request_control_blk_length); + if (req_cblen > U32_MAX) + return -EINVAL; + req_sumlen = req_cblen + xcrb->request_data_length; + if (req_sumlen > U32_MAX) + return -EINVAL; + ap_msg->len = sizeof(struct type6_hdr) + req_sumlen; if (ap_msg->len > ap_msg->bufsize) return -EINVAL; - - /* - * Overflow check - * sum must be greater (or equal) than the largest operand - */ - req_sumlen = CEIL4(xcrb->request_control_blk_length) + - xcrb->request_data_length; - if ((CEIL4(xcrb->request_control_blk_length) <= - xcrb->request_data_length) ? + if (req_cblen <= xcrb->request_data_length ? req_sumlen < xcrb->request_data_length : - req_sumlen < CEIL4(xcrb->request_control_blk_length)) { + req_sumlen < req_cblen) { return -EINVAL; } - if (CEIL4(xcrb->reply_control_blk_length) < - xcrb->reply_control_blk_length) - return -EINVAL; /* overflow after alignment*/ - - /* - * Overflow check - * sum must be greater (or equal) than the largest operand - */ - resp_sumlen = CEIL4(xcrb->reply_control_blk_length) + - xcrb->reply_data_length; - if ((CEIL4(xcrb->reply_control_blk_length) <= - xcrb->reply_data_length) ? - resp_sumlen < xcrb->reply_data_length : - resp_sumlen < CEIL4(xcrb->reply_control_blk_length)) { + /* reply length and overflow checks */ + if (xcrb->reply_control_blk_length < sizeof(struct CPRBX)) + return -EINVAL; + rep_cblen = CEIL4((size_t)xcrb->reply_control_blk_length); + if (rep_cblen > U32_MAX) + return -EINVAL; + rep_sumlen = rep_cblen + xcrb->reply_data_length; + if (rep_sumlen > U32_MAX) + return -EINVAL; + if (rep_cblen <= xcrb->reply_data_length ? + rep_sumlen < xcrb->reply_data_length : + rep_sumlen < rep_cblen) { return -EINVAL; } @@ -393,7 +383,7 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap_msg, memcpy(msg->hdr.agent_id, &xcrb->agent_ID, sizeof(xcrb->agent_ID)); msg->hdr.tocardlen1 = xcrb->request_control_blk_length; if (xcrb->request_data_length) { - msg->hdr.offset2 = msg->hdr.offset1 + rcblen; + msg->hdr.offset2 = msg->hdr.offset1 + req_cblen; msg->hdr.tocardlen2 = xcrb->request_data_length; } msg->hdr.fromcardlen1 = xcrb->reply_control_blk_length; @@ -404,8 +394,8 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap_msg, xcrb->request_control_blk_addr, xcrb->request_control_blk_length)) return -EFAULT; - if (msg->cprbx.cprb_len + sizeof(msg->hdr.function_code) > - xcrb->request_control_blk_length) + /* copy subfunction code into AP msg type 6 function code field */ + if (msg->cprbx.cprb_len > req_cblen - sizeof(msg->hdr.function_code)) return -EINVAL; function_code = ((unsigned char *)&msg->cprbx) + msg->cprbx.cprb_len; memcpy(msg->hdr.function_code, function_code, @@ -437,10 +427,13 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap_msg, } /* copy data block */ - if (xcrb->request_data_length && - z_copy_from_user(userspace, req_data, xcrb->request_data_address, - xcrb->request_data_length)) - return -EFAULT; + if (xcrb->request_data_length) { + req_data = ap_msg->msg + sizeof(struct type6_hdr) + req_cblen; + if (z_copy_from_user(userspace, req_data, + xcrb->request_data_address, + xcrb->request_data_length)) + return -EFAULT; + } return 0; } From 17ac0bc866fc624cd05f022dcd8b730c0af11bb1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Harald Freudenberger Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 10:33:36 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 03/20] s390/zcrypt: Improve EP11 CPRB length and overflow checks The xcrb_msg_to_type6_ep11cprb_msgx() function lacks proper input validation, creating security vulnerabilities: 1. Missing minimum size validation: The ep11_cprb structure and subsequent payload fields (pld_tag, pld_lenfmt) are copied from userspace without verifying sufficient buffer length. 2. Arithmetic overflow in length calculations: CEIL4 alignment could overflow, bypassing size checks and enabling buffer overflows. 3. The payload is asn1 encoded but the function just uses a simple c struct overlay to access some fields of the payload. Fix by using size_t for length calculations, adding U32_MAX boundary checks after alignment, and validating minimum request size and minimum reply size before copying from userspace. Do a very simple asn1 parsing of the payload up to the function value field. Fixes: e2c6d91eb8b1 ("s390/zcrypt: Rework domain processing within zcrypt device driver") Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 7.1+ Reviewed-by: Holger Dengler Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik --- drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c | 152 +++++++++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 113 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c index 3e19e79d747c..7e1f76c935ee 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include "ap_bus.h" #include "zcrypt_api.h" @@ -34,6 +35,9 @@ #define CEXXC_RESPONSE_TYPE_XCRB 1 #define CEXXC_RESPONSE_TYPE_EP11 2 +/* smallest possible EP11 payload size */ +#define MIN_EP11_PAYLOAD_SIZE 5 + MODULE_AUTHOR("IBM Corporation"); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Cryptographic Coprocessor (message type 6), " \ "Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2023"); @@ -438,12 +442,59 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap_msg, return 0; } +/* + * Simple asn1 int reader/decoder helper function + * Returns number of bytes processed or < 0 on failure + * Only accepts int length values of 1, 2 or 4. + */ +static inline int asn1_int_decode(const u8 *buf, size_t intlen, u32 *u) +{ + switch (intlen) { + case 1: + *u = (u32)(*buf); + return 1; + case 2: + *u = (u32)get_unaligned_be16(buf); + return 2; + case 4: + *u = (u32)get_unaligned_be32(buf); + return 4; + default: + return -EINVAL; + } +} + +/* + * Simple asn1 length parse helper function + * Returns number of bytes processed or < 0 on failure + * Only accepts length encoded within the length octet + * or for long form 1, 2 or 4 octet length bytes. + */ +static inline int asn1_length_decode(const u8 *buf, size_t buflen, u32 *u) +{ + int i; + + if (buflen < 1) + return -EINVAL; + + if (*buf < 128) { + *u = (u32)(*buf & 0x7F); + return 1; + } + + i = *buf & 0x7F; + if (--buflen < i) + return -EINVAL; + i = asn1_int_decode(++buf, i, u); + + return i < 0 ? i : i + 1; +} + static int xcrb_msg_to_type6_ep11cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap_msg, struct ep11_urb *xcrb, unsigned int *fcode, unsigned int *domain) { - unsigned int lfmt; static struct type6_hdr static_type6_ep11_hdr = { .type = 0x06, .rqid = {0x00, 0x01}, @@ -455,34 +506,32 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6_ep11cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap struct { struct type6_hdr hdr; union { - struct { - struct ep11_cprb cprbx; - unsigned char pld_tag; /* fixed value 0x30 */ - unsigned char pld_lenfmt; /* length format */ - } __packed; + struct ep11_cprb cprbx; DECLARE_FLEX_ARRAY(u8, userdata); }; } __packed * msg = ap_msg->msg; - struct pld_hdr { - unsigned char func_tag; /* fixed value 0x4 */ - unsigned char func_len; /* fixed value 0x4 */ - unsigned int func_val; /* function ID */ - unsigned char dom_tag; /* fixed value 0x4 */ - unsigned char dom_len; /* fixed value 0x4 */ - unsigned int dom_val; /* domain id */ - } __packed * payload_hdr = NULL; + size_t req_len, rep_len, pld_len; + unsigned char *pld; + int offs = 0, i; + unsigned int u; - if (CEIL4(xcrb->req_len) < xcrb->req_len) - return -EINVAL; /* overflow after alignment*/ - - /* length checks */ - ap_msg->len = sizeof(struct type6_hdr) + CEIL4(xcrb->req_len); + /* request length and overflow checks */ + if (xcrb->req_len < sizeof(struct ep11_cprb) + MIN_EP11_PAYLOAD_SIZE) + return -EINVAL; + req_len = CEIL4(xcrb->req_len); + if (req_len < xcrb->req_len || req_len > U32_MAX) + return -EINVAL; + ap_msg->len = sizeof(struct type6_hdr) + req_len; if (ap_msg->len > ap_msg->bufsize) return -EINVAL; - if (CEIL4(xcrb->resp_len) < xcrb->resp_len) - return -EINVAL; /* overflow after alignment*/ + /* reply length and overflow checks */ + if (xcrb->resp_len < sizeof(struct ep11_cprb)) + return -EINVAL; + rep_len = CEIL4(xcrb->resp_len); + if (rep_len < xcrb->resp_len || rep_len > U32_MAX) + return -EINVAL; /* prepare type6 header */ msg->hdr = static_type6_ep11_hdr; @@ -491,26 +540,51 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6_ep11cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap /* Import CPRB data from the ioctl input parameter */ if (z_copy_from_user(userspace, msg->userdata, - (char __force __user *)xcrb->req, xcrb->req_len)) { + (char __force __user *)xcrb->req, xcrb->req_len)) return -EFAULT; - } - if ((msg->pld_lenfmt & 0x80) == 0x80) { /*ext.len.fmt 2 or 3*/ - switch (msg->pld_lenfmt & 0x03) { - case 1: - lfmt = 2; - break; - case 2: - lfmt = 3; - break; - default: - return -EINVAL; - } - } else { - lfmt = 1; /* length format #1 */ - } - payload_hdr = (struct pld_hdr *)((&msg->pld_lenfmt) + lfmt); - *fcode = payload_hdr->func_val & 0xFFFF; + pld = msg->userdata + sizeof(struct ep11_cprb); + pld_len = msg->cprbx.payload_len; + if (pld_len != xcrb->req_len - sizeof(struct ep11_cprb)) + return -EINVAL; + /* + * At this point pld_len is always >= MIN_EP11_PAYLOAD_SIZE + * and the smallest supported asn1 payload is: + * payload tag (1 octet) + * payload length (1-5 octets) + * function tag (1 octet) + * function length (1-5 octets) + * function value (1-4 octets) + */ + + /* payload tag */ + if (pld[offs++] != 0x30) + return -EINVAL; + /* payload length field */ + i = asn1_length_decode(pld + offs, pld_len - offs, &u); + if (i < 0) + return -EINVAL; + offs += i; + if (offs >= pld_len || u > pld_len - offs) + return -EINVAL; + /* function tag */ + if (pld[offs++] != 0x04) + return -EINVAL; + /* function length */ + if (offs >= pld_len) + return -EINVAL; + i = asn1_length_decode(pld + offs, pld_len - offs, &u); + if (i < 0) + return -EINVAL; + offs += i; + if (offs >= pld_len || u > pld_len - offs) + return -EINVAL; + /* function value */ + i = asn1_int_decode(pld + offs, u, &u); + if (i < 0) + return -EINVAL; + offs += i; + *fcode = 0xFFFF & u; /* enable special processing based on the cprbs flags special bit */ if (msg->cprbx.flags & 0x20) From 0864a163783bff109b548266921829ea794edc93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Harald Freudenberger Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 10:33:37 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 04/20] s390/zcrypt: Improve EP11 CPRB domain handling with ASN.1 parsing The zcrypt_msgtype6_send_ep11_cprb() function uses fragile struct overlays to access and modify the domain field in the EP11 CPRB payload, creating maintainability and security concerns: 1. Struct overlay approach (pld_hdr) assumes fixed payload structure and doesn't validate the actual ASN.1 encoding. 2. Complex length format detection logic is error-prone and doesn't properly validate bounds at each parsing step. 3. Direct struct member access bypasses proper ASN.1 validation. Fix by replacing struct overlays with explicit ASN.1 parsing that validates each field (payload tag/length, function tag/length/value, optional domain tag/length/value) with proper bounds checking at every step. Add asn1_int_encode() helper function to safely write integer values with correct endianness conversion. This makes the code consistent with the validation pattern introduced with the rework of the xcrb_msg_to_type6_ep11cprb_msgx() function. Fixes: e2c6d91eb8b1 ("s390/zcrypt: Rework domain processing within zcrypt device driver") Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 7.1+ Reviewed-by: Holger Dengler Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik --- drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c | 125 +++++++++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 95 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c index 7e1f76c935ee..e79e68b4dd41 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c @@ -1226,6 +1226,28 @@ int prep_ep11_ap_msg(bool userspace, struct ep11_urb *xcrb, func_code, domain); } +/* + * Simple asn1 int writer/encoder helper function + * Returns number of bytes processed or < 0 on failure + * Only accepts int length values of 1, 2 or 4. + */ +static inline int asn1_int_encode(u8 *buf, size_t intlen, u32 u) +{ + switch (intlen) { + case 1: + *buf = (u8)u; + return 1; + case 2: + put_unaligned_be16((u16)u, buf); + return 2; + case 4: + put_unaligned_be32((u32)u, buf); + return 4; + default: + return -EINVAL; + } +} + /* * The request distributor calls this function if it picked the CEX4P * device to handle a send_ep11_cprb request. @@ -1238,51 +1260,94 @@ static long zcrypt_msgtype6_send_ep11_cprb(bool userspace, struct zcrypt_queue * struct ap_message *ap_msg) { int rc; - unsigned int lfmt; struct ap_response_type *resp_type = &ap_msg->response; struct { struct type6_hdr hdr; struct ep11_cprb cprbx; - unsigned char pld_tag; /* fixed value 0x30 */ - unsigned char pld_lenfmt; /* payload length format */ } __packed * msg = ap_msg->msg; - struct pld_hdr { - unsigned char func_tag; /* fixed value 0x4 */ - unsigned char func_len; /* fixed value 0x4 */ - unsigned int func_val; /* function ID */ - unsigned char dom_tag; /* fixed value 0x4 */ - unsigned char dom_len; /* fixed value 0x4 */ - unsigned int dom_val; /* domain id */ - } __packed * payload_hdr = NULL; /* * The target domain field within the cprb body/payload block will be * replaced by the usage domain for non-management commands only. * Therefore we check the first bit of the 'flags' parameter for * management command indication. - * 0 - non management command - * 1 - management command */ - if (!((msg->cprbx.flags & 0x80) == 0x80)) { - msg->cprbx.target_id = (unsigned int) - AP_QID_QUEUE(zq->queue->qid); + if (!(msg->cprbx.flags & 0x80)) { + int i, offs = 0; + size_t pld_len; + u8 *pld; + u32 u; - if ((msg->pld_lenfmt & 0x80) == 0x80) { /*ext.len.fmt 2 or 3*/ - switch (msg->pld_lenfmt & 0x03) { - case 1: - lfmt = 2; - break; - case 2: - lfmt = 3; - break; - default: + /* update target field in ep11_cprb */ + msg->cprbx.target_id = (u32)AP_QID_QUEUE(zq->queue->qid); + + /* ptr and length to payload */ + pld = ap_msg->msg + + sizeof(struct type6_hdr) + sizeof(struct ep11_cprb); + pld_len = msg->cprbx.payload_len; + if (pld_len < MIN_EP11_PAYLOAD_SIZE) + return -EINVAL; + + /* + * Parse the asn1 payload, at least we have + * pld tag (1 octet) + * payload length (1-5 octets) + * function tag (1 octet) + * function length (1-5 octets) + * function value (1-4 octets) + * ----- optional fields ----- + * domain tag (1 octet) + * domain length (1-5 octets) + * domain value (1-4 octets) + * ... maybe much more data ... + */ + + /* payload tag */ + if (pld[offs++] != 0x30) + return -EINVAL; + /* payload length field */ + i = asn1_length_decode(pld + offs, pld_len - offs, &u); + if (i < 0) + return -EINVAL; + offs += i; + if (offs >= pld_len || u > pld_len - offs) + return -EINVAL; + /* function tag */ + if (pld[offs++] != 0x04) + return -EINVAL; + /* function length */ + if (offs >= pld_len) + return -EINVAL; + i = asn1_length_decode(pld + offs, pld_len - offs, &u); + if (i < 0) + return -EINVAL; + offs += i; + if (u > pld_len - offs) + return -EINVAL; + /* skip over the function value */ + offs += u; + /* is there some payload left which could hold a domain value ? */ + if (offs < pld_len && pld_len - offs >= 3) { + /* domain tag */ + if (pld[offs++] != 0x04) return -EINVAL; - } - } else { - lfmt = 1; /* length format #1 */ + /* domain length */ + i = asn1_length_decode(pld + offs, pld_len - offs, &u); + if (i < 0) + return -EINVAL; + offs += i; + if (offs >= pld_len || u > pld_len - offs) + return -EINVAL; + /* + * pld[offs] is now at the start of the domain value + * with the value sprawled in u octets. + */ + i = asn1_int_encode(pld + offs, u, + AP_QID_QUEUE(zq->queue->qid)); + if (i < 0) + return -EINVAL; + offs += i; } - payload_hdr = (struct pld_hdr *)((&msg->pld_lenfmt) + lfmt); - payload_hdr->dom_val = AP_QID_QUEUE(zq->queue->qid); } /* From eb363254472493e3458156fc11fd56dca92f4333 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Harald Freudenberger Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 10:33:38 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 05/20] s390/zcrypt: Pad trailing CCA or EP11 message with zeros The both functions xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx() and xcrb_msg_to_type6_ep11cprb_msgx() copy the user space message into a kernel buffer based on the message length. But on further processing the message is supposed to be 4 byte length adjusted. Thus up to 3 bytes of uninitialized kernel memory are forwarded to further processing steps and may unwanted expose kernel memory to the crypto card firmware. This patch contains code to pad the gap between user space copied message and message buffer length sent down to further processing of the CCA or EP11 message to zeros. Fixes: e2c6d91eb8b1 ("s390/zcrypt: Rework domain processing within zcrypt device driver") Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger Reviewed-by: Holger Dengler Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 7.1+ Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik --- drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c | 8 ++++++++ 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+) diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c index e79e68b4dd41..3df1d676de5d 100644 --- a/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c +++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/zcrypt_msgtype6.c @@ -398,6 +398,10 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap_msg, xcrb->request_control_blk_addr, xcrb->request_control_blk_length)) return -EFAULT; + /* pad tail with 0 up to req_cblen */ + if (xcrb->request_control_blk_length < req_cblen) + memset(msg->userdata + xcrb->request_control_blk_length, + 0, req_cblen - xcrb->request_control_blk_length); /* copy subfunction code into AP msg type 6 function code field */ if (msg->cprbx.cprb_len > req_cblen - sizeof(msg->hdr.function_code)) return -EINVAL; @@ -542,6 +546,10 @@ static int xcrb_msg_to_type6_ep11cprb_msgx(bool userspace, struct ap_message *ap if (z_copy_from_user(userspace, msg->userdata, (char __force __user *)xcrb->req, xcrb->req_len)) return -EFAULT; + /* pad tail with 0 up to req_len */ + if (xcrb->req_len < req_len) + memset(msg->userdata + xcrb->req_len, 0, + req_len - xcrb->req_len); pld = msg->userdata + sizeof(struct ep11_cprb); pld_len = msg->cprbx.payload_len; From fd73b691702170d37d66f4b0278530cea8ed419a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Shuangpeng Bai Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 22:27:19 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 06/20] eventfs: Fix use-after-free in eventfs_remove_rec() eventfs_remove_rec() recursively removes the child at the current loop position. After the recursive call returns, list_for_each_entry() advances by reading list.next from the removed child. If free_ei() drops the final reference, release_ei() reuses the list/rcu union to queue an SRCU callback. The child may be freed before that read. The eventfs_mutex serializes list updates, but it does not keep the removed child alive or prevent the SRCU callback from running. Use list_for_each_entry_safe() to save the next sibling before recursively removing the current child. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 43aa6f97c2d0 ("eventfs: Get rid of dentry pointers without refcounts") Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806022719.375354-1-shuangpeng.kernel@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Shuangpeng Bai Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- fs/tracefs/event_inode.c | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/fs/tracefs/event_inode.c b/fs/tracefs/event_inode.c index 39c7a34531e8..93bc4f83b73e 100644 --- a/fs/tracefs/event_inode.c +++ b/fs/tracefs/event_inode.c @@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ struct eventfs_inode *eventfs_create_events_dir(const char *name, struct dentry */ static void eventfs_remove_rec(struct eventfs_inode *ei, int level) { - struct eventfs_inode *ei_child; + struct eventfs_inode *ei_child, *tmp; /* * Check recursion depth. It should never be greater than 3: @@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ static void eventfs_remove_rec(struct eventfs_inode *ei, int level) return; /* search for nested folders or files */ - list_for_each_entry(ei_child, &ei->children, list) + list_for_each_entry_safe(ei_child, tmp, &ei->children, list) eventfs_remove_rec(ei_child, level + 1); list_del_rcu(&ei->list); From f0ece16ffca7384787b692431961ce202907acf5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Steven Rostedt Date: Sat, 8 Aug 2026 09:42:15 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 07/20] eventfs: Use children field for rcu head and add memory barriers When an eventfs inode is freed, it sets ei->is_freed and then uses its ei->list to add it to the srcu link list as the list field is a union with the rcu list head. As the ei->list is used to iterate over an SRCU protected list without taking the eventfs_mutex, there's nothing stopping the iteration over that list to see the ei->rcu instead of the ei->list and it will read a corrupt target. To fix this, change the union of the rcu list head with the children list. On freeing the eventfs inode, set the is_free and execute a smp_wmb() before adding the eventfs inode to the SRCU list. On iteration of the ei->children list, at the start, execute a smp_rmb() and then read the is_freed of the ei to see if the children list is still valid. If is_freed is set, then the ei_child read is not valid and the loop should exit immediately. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260808094215.4252430d@robin Fixes: 704f960dbee2f ("eventfs: Read ei->entries before ei->children in eventfs_iterate()") Reported-by: Sashiko Closes: https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260806022719.375354-1-shuangpeng.kernel%40gmail.com Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- fs/tracefs/event_inode.c | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ fs/tracefs/internal.h | 4 ++-- 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/fs/tracefs/event_inode.c b/fs/tracefs/event_inode.c index 93bc4f83b73e..a52458435327 100644 --- a/fs/tracefs/event_inode.c +++ b/fs/tracefs/event_inode.c @@ -124,7 +124,17 @@ static inline void put_ei(struct eventfs_inode *ei) static inline void free_ei(struct eventfs_inode *ei) { if (ei) { + /* The ei should have no children if it is being freed. */ + WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&ei->children)); ei->is_freed = 1; + /* + * The SRCU iteration has a smp_rmb() to make sure it + * sees a child (that may have already been freed) + * before it reads is_free. If is_free is set, it must + * not use the child it acquired from ei->children, as + * the list may be used for SRCU. + */ + smp_wmb(); put_ei(ei); } } @@ -627,6 +637,20 @@ static int eventfs_iterate(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx) list_for_each_entry_srcu(ei_child, &ei->children, list, srcu_read_lock_held(&eventfs_srcu)) { + /* + * If the ei is being freed, then the ei->children may be + * being used as the rcu list, which means the next element + * may be garbage. The ei->is_free is set before switching + * the ei->children over to ei->rcu. The read memory barrier + * here makes sure the ei_child is read before is_free is + * updated. + * + * Matches the smp_wmb() in free_ei() + */ + smp_rmb(); + if (ei->is_freed) + return -EINVAL; + if (c > 0) { c--; continue; diff --git a/fs/tracefs/internal.h b/fs/tracefs/internal.h index a4a7f8431aff..c61481d04c8e 100644 --- a/fs/tracefs/internal.h +++ b/fs/tracefs/internal.h @@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ struct eventfs_attr { * @ino: The saved inode number */ struct eventfs_inode { + struct list_head list; union { - struct list_head list; + struct list_head children; struct rcu_head rcu; }; - struct list_head children; const struct eventfs_entry *entries; const char *name; struct eventfs_attr *entry_attrs; From 63444b7617c09aeed36282e061c3f80818f2b600 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Leon Hwang Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 23:04:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 08/20] ftrace: Protect direct_functions in ftrace_find_rec_direct Fix accessing the __rcu pointer direct_functions with RCU protection. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730150411.88667-2-leon.hwang@linux.dev Fixes: d05cb470663a ("ftrace: Fix modification of direct_function hash while in use") Acked-by: Jiri Olsa Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ftrace.c | 3 ++- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c index 6c47a94f5924..c5d1d0d42ccc 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c @@ -2645,7 +2645,8 @@ unsigned long ftrace_find_rec_direct(unsigned long ip) { struct ftrace_func_entry *entry; - entry = __ftrace_lookup_ip(direct_functions, ip); + guard(preempt_notrace)(); + entry = __ftrace_lookup_ip(rcu_dereference_sched(direct_functions), ip); if (!entry) return 0; From f26e5fa75fccd54bb95793c6519d405cf83233b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Leon Hwang Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 23:04:09 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 09/20] ftrace: Protect direct_functions in update_ftrace_direct_del Fix accessing the __rcu pointer direct_functions with RCU protection. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730150411.88667-3-leon.hwang@linux.dev Fixes: 8d2c1233f371 ("ftrace: Add update_ftrace_direct_del function") Acked-by: Jiri Olsa Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ftrace.c | 13 ++++++++----- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c index c5d1d0d42ccc..9ea39110927f 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c @@ -6512,6 +6512,7 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_del(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash) struct ftrace_hash *new_direct_functions; struct ftrace_hash *new_filter_hash = NULL; struct ftrace_hash *old_filter_hash; + struct ftrace_hash *direct_hash; struct ftrace_func_entry *entry; struct ftrace_func_entry *del; unsigned long size; @@ -6523,11 +6524,13 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_del(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash) return -EINVAL; if (!(ops->flags & FTRACE_OPS_FL_ENABLED)) return -EINVAL; - if (direct_functions == EMPTY_HASH) - return -EINVAL; mutex_lock(&direct_mutex); + direct_hash = rcu_dereference_protected(direct_functions, lockdep_is_held(&direct_mutex)); + if (direct_hash == EMPTY_HASH) + goto out_unlock; + old_filter_hash = ops->func_hash ? ops->func_hash->filter_hash : NULL; if (!hash_count(old_filter_hash)) @@ -6537,7 +6540,7 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_del(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash) size = 1 << hash->size_bits; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { hlist_for_each_entry(entry, &hash->buckets[i], hlist) { - del = __ftrace_lookup_ip(direct_functions, entry->ip); + del = __ftrace_lookup_ip(direct_hash, entry->ip); if (!del || del->direct != entry->direct) goto out_unlock; } @@ -6548,7 +6551,7 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_del(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash) if (!new_filter_hash) goto out_unlock; - new_direct_functions = hash_sub(direct_functions, hash); + new_direct_functions = hash_sub(direct_hash, hash); if (!new_direct_functions) goto out_unlock; @@ -6575,7 +6578,7 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_del(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash) /* free the new_direct_functions */ old_direct_functions = new_direct_functions; } else { - old_direct_functions = direct_functions; + old_direct_functions = direct_hash; rcu_assign_pointer(direct_functions, new_direct_functions); } From 092f8ec7dbdc71f5bde9bb0f8dead384d2115a44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Leon Hwang Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 23:04:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 10/20] ftrace: Protect direct_functions in update_ftrace_direct_mod Fix accessing the __rcu pointer direct_functions with RCU protection. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730150411.88667-4-leon.hwang@linux.dev Fixes: e93672f770d7 ("ftrace: Add update_ftrace_direct_mod function") Acked-by: Jiri Olsa Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ftrace.c | 11 ++++++++--- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c index 9ea39110927f..414e425c2d80 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c @@ -6617,6 +6617,7 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_mod(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash, b .func = ftrace_stub, .flags = FTRACE_OPS_FL_STUB, }; + struct ftrace_hash *direct_hash; struct ftrace_hash *orig_hash; unsigned long size, i; int err = -EINVAL; @@ -6627,8 +6628,6 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_mod(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash, b return -EINVAL; if (!(ops->flags & FTRACE_OPS_FL_ENABLED)) return -EINVAL; - if (direct_functions == EMPTY_HASH) - return -EINVAL; /* * We can be called from within ops_func callback with direct_mutex @@ -6636,6 +6635,12 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_mod(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash, b */ if (do_direct_lock) mutex_lock(&direct_mutex); + else + lockdep_assert_held_once(&direct_mutex); + + direct_hash = rcu_dereference_protected(direct_functions, lockdep_is_held(&direct_mutex)); + if (direct_hash == EMPTY_HASH) + goto unlock; orig_hash = ops->func_hash ? ops->func_hash->filter_hash : NULL; if (!orig_hash) @@ -6667,7 +6672,7 @@ int update_ftrace_direct_mod(struct ftrace_ops *ops, struct ftrace_hash *hash, b size = 1 << hash->size_bits; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) { hlist_for_each_entry(entry, &hash->buckets[i], hlist) { - tmp = __ftrace_lookup_ip(direct_functions, entry->ip); + tmp = __ftrace_lookup_ip(direct_hash, entry->ip); if (!tmp) continue; tmp->direct = entry->direct; From 48f2fd0d938651f600dce4a4f76f6e84730c5378 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Leon Hwang Date: Thu, 30 Jul 2026 23:04:11 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 11/20] ftrace: Drop extra comma in trace_buffered_event_enable Drop the extra comma in "scoped_guard()" to cleanup the code. Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730150411.88667-5-leon.hwang@linux.dev Acked-by: Jiri Olsa Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/trace.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/trace.c b/kernel/trace/trace.c index 01a5e87af299..395238b2b715 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/trace.c +++ b/kernel/trace/trace.c @@ -1788,7 +1788,7 @@ void trace_buffered_event_enable(void) per_cpu(trace_buffered_event, cpu) = event; - scoped_guard(preempt,) { + scoped_guard(preempt) { if (cpu == smp_processor_id() && __this_cpu_read(trace_buffered_event) != per_cpu(trace_buffered_event, cpu)) From f27bdc43077e4fcb5557dfc315ee8d91e741f483 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Tengda Wu Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 00:56:39 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 12/20] ring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap The ring_buffer_swap_cpu() function currently checks the per-CPU committing counter to determine if a buffer is actively being written to before performing the swap. However, there exists a race window where this check can be bypassed: ring_buffer_lock_reserve cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu]; // cpu_buffer_a rb_reserve_next_event rb_start_commit // inc committing if (unlikely(READ_ONCE(cpu_buffer->buffer) != buffer)) {...} __rb_reserve_next rb_move_tail rb_end_commit(cpu_buffer); // dec committing => 0 /* interrupt hits here, successfully swaps! */ local_inc(&cpu_buffer->committing); ring_buffer_unlock_commit cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu]; // cpu_buffer_b rb_commit rb_end_commit RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, !local_read(&cpu_buffer->committing)) // triggers warning The committing counter can temporarily drop to 0 during a single write operation (within rb_move_tail), creating a window where swap can succeed even though the write is still in progress. This leads to inconsistent buffer state and triggers the RB_WARN_ON in rb_commit(). Replace the committing counter check with current_context checks, which are set at the entry of ring_buffer_lock_reserve() and remain valid throughout the entire write operation, providing a reliable indicator of buffer busy state during swap. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 4239c38fe0b3 ("ring-buffer: Process commits whenever moving to a new page.") Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260803005640.2445666-2-wutengda@huaweicloud.com Signed-off-by: Tengda Wu Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c index 8e2485bb3aa8..58dc8995a88d 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c @@ -6852,7 +6852,7 @@ int ring_buffer_swap_cpu(struct trace_buffer *buffer_a, { struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer_a; struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer_b; - int ret = -EINVAL; + int ret = -EBUSY; if (!cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, buffer_a->cpumask) || !cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, buffer_b->cpumask)) @@ -6893,10 +6893,10 @@ int ring_buffer_swap_cpu(struct trace_buffer *buffer_a, atomic_inc(&cpu_buffer_a->record_disabled); atomic_inc(&cpu_buffer_b->record_disabled); - ret = -EBUSY; - if (local_read(&cpu_buffer_a->committing)) + /* Do not swap if either buffer is in the process of writing */ + if (cpu_buffer_a->current_context) goto out_dec; - if (local_read(&cpu_buffer_b->committing)) + if (cpu_buffer_b->current_context) goto out_dec; /* From 8b8292d6487c81bd57c2605a9b404b1cf8f1edfb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Josh Poimboeuf Date: Wed, 5 Aug 2026 21:56:46 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 13/20] ftrace: Fix off-by-one fentry site disable in ftrace_free_mem() When a module's init text is freed, do_init_module() calls ftrace_free_mem() with a half-open [start, end) range. However the ftrace_cmp_recs() comparator treats the upper bound as inclusive, as all its other users do, passing 'ip + size - 1'. So ftrace_free_mem() can delete a record sitting exactly at 'end', which is outside the freed range. For a kernel without CFI or IBT, the first record of a function is at the function start, which for the first function in a module is also the base of its text allocation. As the module allocator packs its regions, that address is often the 'end' passed by a neighboring module's do_init_module(), causing the first function's ftrace location to get disabled, preventing an attempt to livepatch it: livepatch: failed to find location for function 'pcspkr_probe' Convert the exclusive end to the inclusive 'end - 1' the comparator expects, and return early for an empty range to avoid the subtraction from underflowing when the init text size is zero. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 42c269c88dc1 ("ftrace: Allow for function tracing to record init functions on boot up") Link: https://patch.msgid.link/1b5ccfa8095bdb1277f84af1c2c2e2205aca03ae.1785992188.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ftrace.c | 6 +++++- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c index 414e425c2d80..7c50f8ae5a0c 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ftrace.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ftrace.c @@ -8305,7 +8305,8 @@ static void add_to_clear_hash_list(struct list_head *clear_list, void ftrace_free_mem(struct module *mod, void *start_ptr, void *end_ptr) { unsigned long start = (unsigned long)(start_ptr); - unsigned long end = (unsigned long)(end_ptr); + /* end is inclusive and end_ptr is exclusive */ + unsigned long end = (unsigned long)(end_ptr) - 1; struct ftrace_page **last_pg = &ftrace_pages_start; struct ftrace_page *tmp_page = NULL; struct ftrace_page *pg; @@ -8315,6 +8316,9 @@ void ftrace_free_mem(struct module *mod, void *start_ptr, void *end_ptr) struct ftrace_init_func *func, *func_next; LIST_HEAD(clear_hash); + if (start_ptr >= end_ptr) + return; + key.ip = start; key.flags = end; /* overload flags, as it is unsigned long */ From 7c727dfce6be04dd009b29091a4a17d952dbfe03 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Vincent Donnefort Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 22:13:01 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 14/20] ring-buffer: Prevent resizing of persistent ring buffer Dynamically resizing a persistent ring buffer is not possible. Disable the feature. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: be68d63a139b ("ring-buffer: Add ring_buffer_alloc_range()") Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806211306.3704194-2-vdonnefort@google.com Signed-off-by: Vincent Donnefort Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c index 58dc8995a88d..09d502ef4c55 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c @@ -2528,6 +2528,8 @@ rb_allocate_cpu_buffer(struct trace_buffer *buffer, long nr_pages, int cpu) if (cpu_buffer->ring_meta->head_buffer) rb_meta_buffer_update(cpu_buffer, bpage); bpage->range = 1; + + atomic_inc(&cpu_buffer->resize_disabled); } else if (buffer->remote) { struct ring_buffer_desc *desc = ring_buffer_desc(buffer->remote->desc, cpu); From bf98d7b0d5a99991e47e66cee4eb1d3fa514be97 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Vincent Donnefort Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 22:13:02 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 15/20] ring-buffer: Prevent subbuf order change when resizing is disabled Because ring_buffer_subbuf_order_set() frees buffer pages, we can't allow it when resizing is disabled. A non-consuming reader is at risk of use-after-free (rb_advance_iter()). Return -EBUSY on resize_disabled, matching ring_buffer_resize() behaviour. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: f9b94daa542a ("ring-buffer: Set new size of the ring buffer sub page") Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806211306.3704194-3-vdonnefort@google.com Reported-by: syzbot+e0cc44465d6bae735679@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Vincent Donnefort Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c index 09d502ef4c55..6cbd80ccef37 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c @@ -7360,7 +7360,7 @@ int ring_buffer_subbuf_order_set(struct trace_buffer *buffer, int order) cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu]; - if (cpu_buffer->mapped) { + if (atomic_read(&cpu_buffer->resize_disabled)) { err = -EBUSY; goto error; } From 6d014e44b68ddd43f71288d2a4dbb1a259869149 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Vincent Donnefort Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2026 22:13:03 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 16/20] ring-buffer: Initialise reader page order in rb_allocate_cpu_buffer() In rb_allocate_cpu_buffer(), bpage->order was omitted, leaving it as 0. This is an issue for a ring-buffer with subbufs bigger than PAGE_SIZE if when freed: free_buffer_page() relies on this value. Align the value with the actual allocation size (buffer::subbuf_order). Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: f9b94daa542a ("ring-buffer: Set new size of the ring buffer sub page") Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806211306.3704194-4-vdonnefort@google.com Signed-off-by: Vincent Donnefort Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c index 6cbd80ccef37..760a00e8505c 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c @@ -2510,6 +2510,7 @@ rb_allocate_cpu_buffer(struct trace_buffer *buffer, long nr_pages, int cpu) bpage = alloc_cpu_page(cpu); if (!bpage) return NULL; + bpage->order = cpu_buffer->buffer->subbuf_order; rb_check_bpage(cpu_buffer, bpage); From 91542863abade2fd4f2b361991f5386ad9d19c8c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Hui Su Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2026 23:41:46 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 17/20] ring-buffer: Fix crash passing ERR_PTR to kthread_stop() In test_ringbuffer()'s out_free cleanup loop, the check `!rb_threads[cpu]` only catches NULL entries and misses entries that hold an ERR_PTR. rb_threads[] is static, so unassigned slots are NULL. But when kthread_run_on_cpu() fails for a cpu, it stores ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM) (or -EINTR) in rb_threads[cpu] before the creation loop jumps to out_free. That entry is non-NULL, so the old `!ptr` check does not break, and the cleanup proceeds to call kthread_stop() on the ERR_PTR. kthread_stop() then dereferences the bogus pointer, crashing the kernel during the late_initcall self-test. crash logs: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 000000000000001c Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 1 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 7.2.0-rc6-dirty #7 PREEMPT(lazy) RIP: 0010:kthread_stop+0x2e/0x220 RBX: fffffffffffffff4 CR2: 000000000000001c Call Trace: test_ringbuffer+0x1ec/0x650 do_one_initcall+0x6c/0x2c0 kernel_init_freeable+0x21d/0x420 kernel_init+0x15/0x1c0 ret_from_fork+0x21b/0x320 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 64ed3a049e3e ("ring-buffer: make use of the helper function kthread_run_on_cpu()") Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260807154145.2846521-2-sh_def@163.com Signed-off-by: Hui Su Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt --- kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c index 760a00e8505c..2667992f0aa2 100644 --- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c +++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c @@ -8217,7 +8217,7 @@ static __init int test_ringbuffer(void) out_free: for_each_online_cpu(cpu) { - if (!rb_threads[cpu]) + if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(rb_threads[cpu])) break; kthread_stop(rb_threads[cpu]); } From db2ddb87143519e20a95aa36c60b36107b736a58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Linus Torvalds Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2026 14:54:50 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 18/20] Linux 7.2-rc7 --- Makefile | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index 902f3f3d54b7..0e6fc0803775 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ VERSION = 7 PATCHLEVEL = 2 SUBLEVEL = 0 -EXTRAVERSION = -rc6 +EXTRAVERSION = -rc7 NAME = Baby Opossum Posse # *DOCUMENTATION* From e9966d450b4612423ad2f60827c47cd7657a14f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Hongyang Zhao Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 17:35:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 19/20] ASoC: dt-bindings: es8316: Add regulator supplies The ES8316 has separate AVDD, CPVDD, DVDD and PVDD supply inputs for its analog, charge pump, digital core and digital I/O domains. Describe all four inputs so boards can model the codec power topology. The binding also covers ES8311 and ES8323, whose supply inputs differ, so restrict these properties to the ES8316 compatible. Keep them optional for compatibility with existing descriptions. Signed-off-by: Hongyang Zhao Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812-es8316-regulator-next-20260722-v2-1-e7078bc9bc9c@thundersoft.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown --- .../bindings/sound/everest,es8316.yaml | 27 +++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+) diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/sound/everest,es8316.yaml b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/sound/everest,es8316.yaml index fe5d938ca310..276c73bb4790 100644 --- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/sound/everest,es8316.yaml +++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/sound/everest,es8316.yaml @@ -30,6 +30,17 @@ description: | allOf: - $ref: dai-common.yaml# + - if: + properties: + compatible: + contains: + const: everest,es8316 + else: + properties: + avdd-supply: false + cpvdd-supply: false + dvdd-supply: false + pvdd-supply: false properties: compatible: @@ -49,6 +60,18 @@ properties: items: - const: mclk + avdd-supply: + description: Regulator providing the analog supply, from 2.0 V to 3.6 V + + cpvdd-supply: + description: Regulator providing the charge pump supply, from 1.6 V to 2.0 V + + dvdd-supply: + description: Regulator providing the digital core supply, from 1.6 V to 3.6 V + + pvdd-supply: + description: Regulator providing the digital I/O supply, from 1.6 V to 3.6 V + interrupts: maxItems: 1 description: Headphone detect interrupt @@ -77,6 +100,10 @@ examples: reg = <0x11>; clocks = <&clks 10>; clock-names = "mclk"; + avdd-supply = <®_3p3v>; + cpvdd-supply = <®_1p8v>; + dvdd-supply = <®_1p8v>; + pvdd-supply = <®_1p8v>; #sound-dai-cells = <0>; }; }; From c60279912ef005fe3ebaf2c139c19a14ccb42b5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Hongyang Zhao Date: Wed, 12 Aug 2026 17:35:44 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 20/20] ASoC: codecs: es8316: Add regulator support ES8316 has separate AVDD, CPVDD, DVDD and PVDD supply inputs. Request and enable the supplies during I2C probe, before initializing the regmap. Keep them enabled for the lifetime of the I2C device so the regmap cannot access an unpowered device and its cache remains synchronized if the ASoC component is unbound and rebound. Signed-off-by: Hongyang Zhao Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812-es8316-regulator-next-20260722-v2-2-e7078bc9bc9c@thundersoft.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown --- sound/soc/codecs/es8316.c | 13 +++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+) diff --git a/sound/soc/codecs/es8316.c b/sound/soc/codecs/es8316.c index 3abe77423f29..983fa0bca419 100644 --- a/sound/soc/codecs/es8316.c +++ b/sound/soc/codecs/es8316.c @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ #include #include #include +#include #include #include #include @@ -30,6 +31,13 @@ static const unsigned int supported_mclk_lrck_ratios[] = { 256, 384, 400, 500, 512, 768, 1024 }; +static const char * const es8316_supply_names[] = { + "avdd", + "cpvdd", + "dvdd", + "pvdd", +}; + struct es8316_priv { struct mutex lock; struct clk *mclk; @@ -871,6 +879,11 @@ static int es8316_i2c_probe(struct i2c_client *i2c_client) i2c_set_clientdata(i2c_client, es8316); + ret = devm_regulator_bulk_get_enable(dev, ARRAY_SIZE(es8316_supply_names), + es8316_supply_names); + if (ret) + return dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "unable to enable supplies\n"); + es8316->regmap = devm_regmap_init_i2c(i2c_client, &es8316_regmap); if (IS_ERR(es8316->regmap)) return PTR_ERR(es8316->regmap);