perf python: Port syscall-counts-by-pid to perf module

Port tools/perf/scripts/python/syscall-counts-by-pid.py to a standalone
script in tools/perf/python/ using the perf module. Avoiding the
embedded interpreter and per-event dictionary overhead improves
execution speed by ~3.8x:

```
$ perf record -e raw_syscalls:sys_enter -a sleep 1
...
$ time perf script tools/perf/scripts/python/syscall-counts-by-pid.py perf
...
real    0m3.852s
user    0m3.512s
sys     0m0.336s
$ time python3 tools/perf/python/syscall-counts-by-pid.py perf
...
real    0m1.011s
user    0m0.963s
sys     0m0.048s
```

Additional improvements compared to the legacy script:
- Resolve architecture-specific syscall names via
  perf.syscall_name(id, session.e_machine) instead of host python-audit
  tables.
- Support both raw_syscalls:sys_enter and individual syscalls:sys_enter_*
  tracepoints, and filter out invalid (> 0xffff or negative) syscall IDs.
- Support filtering by numeric PID as well as command name (comm), and
  resolve process command names via session.find_thread(pid).

Add a shell test (test_syscall_counts_by_pid_python.sh) to verify the
standalone script.

Assisted-by: Antigravity:gemini-3.1-pro
Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

tools/perf/python/syscall-counts-by-pid.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+"""
+Displays system-wide system call totals, broken down by syscall.
+If a [comm] arg is specified, only syscalls called by [comm] are displayed.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+from collections import defaultdict
+from typing import (Dict, Tuple)
+import perf
+
+syscalls: Dict[Tuple[str, int, int], int] = defaultdict(int)
+for_comm = None
+for_pid = None
+session = None
+
+
+def print_syscall_totals():
+    """Print aggregated statistics."""
+    if for_comm is not None:
+        print(f"\nsyscall events for {for_comm}:\n")
+    elif for_pid is not None:
+        print(f"\nsyscall events for PID {for_pid}:\n")
+    else:
+        print("\nsyscall events:\n")
+
+    print(f"{'comm [pid]/syscalls':<40} {'count':>10}")
+    print("---------------------------------------- -----------")
+
+    sorted_keys = sorted(syscalls.keys(), key=lambda k: (k[0], k[1], -syscalls[k], k[2]))
+    current_comm_pid = None
+    for comm, pid, sc_id in sorted_keys:
+        if current_comm_pid != (comm, pid):
+            print(f"\n{comm} [{pid}]")
+            current_comm_pid = (comm, pid)
+        e_machine = getattr(session, "e_machine", 0) or 0
+        # Mask out the x86_64 x32 ABI bit (__X32_SYSCALL_BIT = 0x40000000) before
+        # resolving the syscall number in the architecture's syscall table.
+        raw_sc_id = sc_id & ~0x40000000
+        if e_machine:
+            name = perf.syscall_name(raw_sc_id, e_machine) or str(sc_id)
+        else:
+            name = perf.syscall_name(raw_sc_id) or str(sc_id)
+        print(f"  {name:<38} {syscalls[(comm, pid, sc_id)]:>10}")
+
+
+def process_event(sample):
+    """Process a single sample event."""
+    event_name = str(sample.evsel)
+    # Per-syscall syscalls:sys_enter_* tracepoints expose '__syscall_nr' (or 'nr')
+    # and may have an unrelated syscall argument named 'id', whereas
+    # raw_syscalls:sys_enter (and legacy pre-2.6.35 syscalls:sys_enter) expose 'id'.
+    if event_name.startswith("evsel(syscalls:sys_enter_"):
+        sc_id = getattr(sample, "__syscall_nr", None)
+        if sc_id is not None and not (0 <= (sc_id & ~0x40000000) <= 0xffff):
+            sc_id = None
+        if sc_id is None:
+            sc_id = getattr(sample, "nr", -1)
+    elif event_name.startswith(("evsel(raw_syscalls:sys_enter", "evsel(syscalls:sys_enter")):
+        sc_id = getattr(sample, "id", -1)
+        if not (0 <= (sc_id & ~0x40000000) <= 0xffff):
+            sc_id = getattr(sample, "__syscall_nr", -1)
+        if not (0 <= (sc_id & ~0x40000000) <= 0xffff):
+            sc_id = getattr(sample, "nr", -1)
+    else:
+        return
+
+    # Mask out __X32_SYSCALL_BIT (0x40000000) when validating the syscall ID range.
+    if not (0 <= (sc_id & ~0x40000000) <= 0xffff):
+        return
+
+    pid = sample.sample_pid
+
+    if for_pid is not None and pid != for_pid:
+        return
+
+    comm = "unknown"
+    try:
+        if session:
+            proc = session.find_thread(sample.sample_pid, sample.sample_tid)
+            if proc:
+                comm = proc.comm() or "unknown"
+    except (TypeError, AttributeError):
+        pass
+
+    if for_comm and comm != for_comm:
+        return
+    syscalls[(comm, pid, sc_id)] += 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    ap.add_argument("filter", nargs="?", help="COMM or PID to filter by")
+    ap.add_argument("-i", "--input", default="perf.data", help="Input file name")
+    args = ap.parse_args()
+
+    if args.filter:
+        try:
+            for_pid = int(args.filter)
+        except ValueError:
+            for_comm = args.filter
+
+    try:
+        session = perf.session(perf.data(args.input), sample=process_event)
+        session.process_events()
+        print_syscall_totals()
+    finally:
+        # Break the reference cycle between session and process_event (whose module
+        # globals reference session) since perf.session lacks cyclic GC (tp_traverse).
+        session = None

tools/perf/tests/shell/test_syscall_counts_by_pid_python.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# syscall-counts-by-pid python test
+
+set -e
+
+shelldir=$(dirname "$0")
+# shellcheck source=lib/setup_python.sh
+. "${shelldir}"/lib/setup_python.sh
+
+# If we don't have the perf python module, we can't test
+if ! "$PYTHON" -c 'import perf' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+	echo "Skipping test, perf python module not found"
+	exit 2
+fi
+
+script_dir="$(dirname "$0")/../../python"
+script_path="${script_dir}/syscall-counts-by-pid.py"
+
+if ! perf check feature -q libtraceevent > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+	echo "Skipping test, libtraceevent is disabled"
+	exit 2
+fi
+
+if [ ! -f "$script_path" ]; then
+	echo "Skipping test, syscall-counts-by-pid.py not found at $script_path"
+	exit 2
+fi
+
+err=0
+temp_data=""
+temp_out=""
+
+cleanup() {
+	rm -f "${temp_data}" "${temp_out}"
+}
+
+trap 'cleanup' EXIT TERM INT
+
+temp_data=$(mktemp /tmp/perf.data.XXXXXX)
+temp_out=$(mktemp /tmp/perf.out.XXXXXX)
+
+test_file_mode() {
+	echo "Testing syscall-counts-by-pid.py..."
+	# Some systems might not have raw_syscalls:sys_enter
+	if ! perf list | grep -q raw_syscalls:sys_enter; then
+		echo "Skipping test, raw_syscalls:sys_enter not found"
+		exit 2
+	fi
+
+	# Generate some syscall events
+	perf record -e raw_syscalls:sys_enter -a -o "${temp_data}" \
+		-- sleep 0.5 >/dev/null 2>&1 || \
+		{ echo "Skipping test, perf record failed"; exit 2; }
+
+	if ! "$PYTHON" "$script_path" -i "${temp_data}" > "${temp_out}"; then
+		echo "File mode test failed."
+		err=1
+	elif ! grep -E -q "^  [a-zA-Z0-9_]+ +[0-9]+$" "${temp_out}"; then
+		echo "File mode output validation failed."
+		err=1
+	else
+		echo "File mode test passed."
+	fi
+
+	# Test with a comm argument
+	if ! "$PYTHON" "$script_path" -i "${temp_data}" "sleep" > "${temp_out}"; then
+		echo "Comm filter test failed."
+		err=1
+	elif ! grep -E -q "^  [a-zA-Z0-9_]+ +[0-9]+$" "${temp_out}"; then
+		echo "Comm filter output validation failed."
+		err=1
+	else
+		echo "Comm filter test passed."
+	fi
+
+	# Extract sleep PID from "sleep [<pid>]" header and test with a numeric PID filter argument
+	sleep_pid=$(sed -n 's/^sleep \[\([0-9]\+\)\]$/\1/p' "${temp_out}" | head -n 1)
+	if [ -z "${sleep_pid}" ] || ! "$PYTHON" "$script_path" -i "${temp_data}" "${sleep_pid}" > "${temp_out}"; then
+		echo "PID filter test failed."
+		err=1
+	elif ! grep -E -q "^  [a-zA-Z0-9_]+ +[0-9]+$" "${temp_out}"; then
+		echo "PID filter output validation failed."
+		err=1
+	else
+		echo "PID filter test passed."
+	fi
+}
+
+test_file_mode
+
+exit $err